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Short-term effects of ambient air pollution and childhood lower respiratory diseases.

ABSTRACT: The association between air pollution and childhood respiratory disease is inconsistent. In the present study, we investigated a short-term effect of ambient air pollutants and daily childhood lower respiratory diseases (CLRD). Daily air pollutants, weather data, and CLRD data were collected from January 2014 to April 2015 (452 days) in Nanjing, China. Time-series regression and generalized additive models were used to assess the effects of air pollutants (PM₁₀, PM_2.5, NO₂, SO₂, O₃, and CO) on CLRD. We observed that an interquartile range (IQR) increase in concentrations of PM₁₀, NO₂, and SO₂ significantly increased the daily CLRD with 6 days cumulative effects (difference of estimates: 2.8%, 95% CI: 0.6-5.0%; 4.1%, 1.2-7.0%; 5.6%, 2.6-8.6%, respectively). However, no significant association was found in IQR concentrations of PM_2.5, O₃, and CO. Specifically, elevated PM₁₀, PM_2.5, NO₂, and SO₂ significantly increased the numbers of CLRD in cool season (3.6%, 1.5-5.7%; 2.4%, 0.3-4.5%; 4.9%, 2.9-7.0%; 6.3%, 3.7-9.0%, respectively). Additionally, the effect estimates of PM₁₀, NO₂, and SO₂ in female and age >27 months were more pronounced than in male and age ?27 months. This study suggested that short-term exposure to ambient PM₁₀, NO₂, and SO₂ were associated with the increased CLRD numbers.

SUBMITTER: Zhu L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5493680 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Short-term effects of ambient air pollution and childhood lower respiratory diseases.

Zhu Liyang L Ge Xuhua X Chen Yaoyao Y Zeng Xinying X Pan Wang W Zhang Xu X Ben Shuai S Yuan Qi Q Xin Junyi J Shao Wei W Ge Yuqiu Y Wu Dongmei D Han Zhong Z Zhang Zhengdong Z Chu Haiyan H Wang Meilin M

Scientific reports 20170630 1

The association between air pollution and childhood respiratory disease is inconsistent. In the present study, we investigated a short-term effect of ambient air pollutants and daily childhood lower respiratory diseases (CLRD). Daily air pollutants, weather data, and CLRD data were collected from January 2014 to April 2015 (452 days) in Nanjing, China. Time-series regression and generalized additive models were used to assess the effects of air pollutants (PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>, NO<s ...[more]

PMID: 28667279

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Project description:BackgroundAmbient air pollution is leading risk factor for health burden in China. Few studies in China have investigated the economic loss related to short-term exposure to ambient PM2.5, which could trigger acute onset of cardiorespiratory diseases within a few days.MethodsDaily ambient air pollutants data are obtained for each city from the National Air Quality Monitoring System and daily hospitalization data are obtained from the urban employee-based basic medical insurance scheme database in 74 Chinese cities with an average coverage of 88.5 million urban employees during 2016-2017. A three-stage time-series analytic approach is used in this study to investigate the impact of short-term exposure to ambient fine particulate (PM2.5) air pollution on hospital admissions, expenses and hospital stays of three cause-specific cardiorespiratory diseases, including lower respiratory infections (LRI), coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in the included cities.FindingsBased on the time-series analysis using daily hospitalization data, 28,560 LRI cases, 54,600 CHD cases, and 23,989 stroke cases are attributable to ambient PM2.5 in the 74 cities during the study period, and the related attributable expenses are 220 million CNY (US$ 32.9 million) for LRI, 458 million CNY (US$ 68.5 million) for CHD, and 410 million CNY (US$ 65.8 million) for stroke, respectively. These attributable numbers account for 1.45% to 2.05% of total hospital admissions and 1.10% to 1.51% of total expenses for the three diseases during 2016-2017, respectively. The attributable numbers for the three cause-specific cardiorespiratory diseases would increase to 362,007 hospital admission cases and 3.68 billion CNY expenses ($US550 million) in the entire urban employee population (299 million) in China during 2016-2017, and the related direct economic loss of absence from work would be 798 million CNY (US$ 119.3 million).InterpretationOur results support that short-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 pollution could lead to significant health and economic impacts in China. Reducing levels of ambient PM2.5 can avoid substantial health damage and expenditures, and generate appreciable economic benefits from decreasing absence from work.FundingNatural Science Foundation of China (82073509, 71903010, 71903011), and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC0211600, 2017YFC0211601).

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Short-term effects of ambient air pollution and childhood lower respiratory diseases.

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Short-term effects of ambient air pollution and childhood lower respiratory diseases.

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