Dataset Information

Cingulo-insular structural alterations associated with psychogenic symptoms, childhood abuse and PTSD in functional neurological disorders.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Adverse early-life events are predisposing factors for functional neurological disorder (FND) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cingulo-insular regions are implicated in the biology of both conditions and are sites of stress-mediated neuroplasticity. We hypothesised that functional neurological symptoms and the magnitude of childhood abuse would be associated with overlapping anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insular volumetric reductions, and that FND and PTSD symptoms would map onto distinct cingulo-insular areas. METHODS:This within-group voxel-based morphometry study probes volumetric associations with self-report measures of functional neurological symptoms, adverse life events and PTSD symptoms in 23 mixed-gender FND patients. Separate secondary analyses were also performed in the subset of 18 women with FND to account for gender-specific effects. RESULTS:Across the entire cohort, there were no statistically significant volumetric associations with self-report measures of functional neurological symptom severity or childhood abuse. In women with FND, however, parallel inverse associations were observed between left anterior insular volume and functional neurological symptoms as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 and the Screening for Somatoform Symptoms Conversion Disorder subscale. Similar inverse relationships were also appreciated between childhood abuse burden and left anterior insular volume. Across all subjects, PTSD symptom severity was inversely associated with dorsal ACC volume, and the magnitude of lifetime adverse events was inversely associated with left hippocampal volume. CONCLUSIONS:This study reveals distinct cingulo-insular alterations for FND and PTSD symptoms and may advance our understanding of FND. Potential biological convergence between stress-related neuroplasticity, functional neurological symptoms and reduced insular volume was identified.

SUBMITTER: Perez DL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5497745 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Cingulo-insular structural alterations associated with psychogenic symptoms, childhood abuse and PTSD in functional neurological disorders.

Perez David L DL Matin Nassim N Barsky Arthur A Costumero-Ramos Victor V Makaretz Sara J SJ Young Sigrid S SS Sepulcre Jorge J LaFrance W Curt WC Keshavan Matcheri S MS Dickerson Bradford C BC

Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 20170417 6

<h4>Objective</h4>Adverse early-life events are predisposing factors for functional neurological disorder (FND) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cingulo-insular regions are implicated in the biology of both conditions and are sites of stress-mediated neuroplasticity. We hypothesised that functional neurological symptoms and the magnitude of childhood abuse would be associated with overlapping anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insular volumetric reductions, and that FND and PTSD sympt ...[more]

PMID: 28416565

Similar Datasets

Project description:Background: Granulocytes and monocytes are the first cells to invade the brain post stroke and are also being discussed as important cells in early neuroinflammation after seizures. We aimed at understanding disease specific and common pathways of brain-immune-endocrine-interactions and compared immune alterations induced by stroke and seizures. Therefore, we compared granulocytic and monocytic subtypes between diseases and investigated inflammatory mediators. We additionally investigated if seizure type determines immunologic alterations. Material and Methods: We included 31 patients with acute seizures, 17 with acute stroke and two control cohorts. Immune cells were characterized by flow cytometry from blood samples obtained on admission to the hospital and the following morning. (i) Monocytes subpopulations were defined as classical (CD14++CD16-), (ii) intermediate (CD14++CD16+), and (iii) non-classical monocytes (CD14dimCD16+), while granulocyte subsets were characterized as (i) "classical granulocytes" (CD16++CD62L+), (ii) pro-inflammatory (CD16dimCD62L+), and (iii) anti-inflammatory granulocytes (CD16++CD62L-). Stroke patient's blood was additionally drawn on days 3 and 5. Cerebrospinal fluid mitochondrial DNA was quantified by real-time PCR. Plasma High-Mobility-Group-Protein-B1, metanephrine, and normetanephrine were measured by ELISA. Results: HLA-DR expression on monocytes and their subpopulations (classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes) was reduced after stroke or seizures. Expression of CD32 was increased on monocytes and subtypes in epilepsy patients, partly similar to stroke. CD32 and CD11b regulation on granulocytes and subpopulations (classical, anti-inflammatory, pro-inflammatory granulocytes) was more pronounced after stroke compared to seizures. On admission, normetanephrine was upregulated in seizures, arguing for the sympathetic nervous system as inducer of immune alterations similar to stroke. Compared to partial seizures, immunologic changes were more pronounced in generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Conclusion: Seizures lead to immune alterations within the immediate postictal period similar but not identical to stroke. The type of seizures determines the extent of immune alterations.

Dataset Information

Cingulo-insular structural alterations associated with psychogenic symptoms, childhood abuse and PTSD in functional neurological disorders.

Publications

Cingulo-insular structural alterations associated with psychogenic symptoms, childhood abuse and PTSD in functional neurological disorders.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets