Dataset Information

Renewable Wood Pulp Paper Reactor with Hierarchical Micro/Nanopores for Continuous-Flow Nanocatalysis.

ABSTRACT: Continuous-flow nanocatalysis based on metal nanoparticle catalyst-anchored flow reactors has recently provided an excellent platform for effective chemical manufacturing. However, there has been limited progress in porous structure design and recycling systems for metal nanoparticle-anchored flow reactors to create more efficient and sustainable catalytic processes. In this study, traditional paper is used for a highly efficient, recyclable, and even renewable flow reactor by tailoring the ultrastructures of wood pulp. The "paper reactor" offers hierarchically interconnected micro- and nanoscale pores, which can act as convective-flow and rapid-diffusion channels, respectively, for efficient access of reactants to metal nanoparticle catalysts. In continuous-flow, aqueous, room-temperature catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol, a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-anchored paper reactor with hierarchical micro/nanopores provided higher reaction efficiency than state-of-the-art AuNP-anchored flow reactors. Inspired by traditional paper materials, successful recycling and renewal of AuNP-anchored paper reactors were also demonstrated while high reaction efficiency was maintained.

SUBMITTER: Koga H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5499728 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Renewable Wood Pulp Paper Reactor with Hierarchical Micro/Nanopores for Continuous-Flow Nanocatalysis.

Koga Hirotaka H Namba Naoko N Takahashi Tsukasa T Nogi Masaya M Nishina Yuta Y

ChemSusChem 20170504 12

Continuous-flow nanocatalysis based on metal nanoparticle catalyst-anchored flow reactors has recently provided an excellent platform for effective chemical manufacturing. However, there has been limited progress in porous structure design and recycling systems for metal nanoparticle-anchored flow reactors to create more efficient and sustainable catalytic processes. In this study, traditional paper is used for a highly efficient, recyclable, and even renewable flow reactor by tailoring the ultr ...[more]

PMID: 28394501

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Project description:BackgroundThere has been growing interest in the development of waste-specific decay factors for estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from landfills in national greenhouse gas inventories. Although engineered wood products (EWPs) and paper represent a substantial component of the solid waste stream, there is limited information available on their carbon dynamics in landfills. The objective of this study was to determine the extent of carbon loss for EWPs and paper products commonly used in Australia. Experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions designed to simulate optimal anaerobic biodegradation in a landfill.ResultsMethane generation rates over incubations of 307-677 days ranged from zero for medium-density fibreboard (MDF) to 326 mL CH4 g-1 for copy paper. Carbon losses for particleboard and MDF ranged from 0.7 to 1.6%, consistent with previous estimates. Carbon loss for the exterior wall panel product (2.8%) was consistent with the expected value for blackbutt, the main wood type used in its manufacture. Carbon loss for bamboo (11.4%) was significantly higher than for EWPs. Carbon losses for the three types of copy paper tested ranged from 72.4 to 82.5%, and were significantly higher than for cardboard (27.3-43.8%). Cardboard that had been buried in landfill for 20 years had a carbon loss of 27.3%-indicating that environmental conditions in the landfill did not support complete decomposition of the available carbon. Thus carbon losses for paper products as measured in bioreactors clearly overestimate those in actual landfills. Carbon losses, as estimated by gas generation, were on average lower than those derived by mass balance. The low carbon loss for particleboard and MDF is consistent with carbon loss for Australian wood types described in previous studies. A factor for carbon loss for combined EWPs and wood in landfills in Australia of 1.3% and for paper of 48% is proposed.ConclusionsThe new suggested combined decay factor for wood and EWPs represents a significant reduction from the current factor used in the Australian greenhouse gas inventory; whereas the suggested decay factor for paper is similar to the current decay factor. Our results improve current understanding of the carbon dynamics of harvested wood products, and allow more refined estimates of methane emissions from landfills.

Project description:Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria are vital players in the global nitrogen cycle that convert nitrite to nitrate during the 2nd step of nitrification. Within this functional guild, the genus Nitrospira is among the most widespread and phylogenetically and physiologically diverse nitrite oxidizers and its members drive nitrite oxidation in many natural and biotechnological ecosystems. Despite their ecological and biotechnological importance, our understanding of Nitrospira’s energy metabolism is still limited. The main bottleneck for a detailed biochemical characterization of Nitrospira is biomass production, since they are slow-growing organisms and fastidious to culture. In this study, we cultured Nitrospira moscoviensis in a continuous stirred tank reactor system (CSTR) allowing constant biomass harvesting. Additionally, this cultivation setup enabled accurate control of physicochemical parameters and thus avoided fluctuating levels of nitrite and accumulation of nitrate. We performed transcriptome analysis and confirmed constant gene expression profiles in the chemostat culture over a period of two weeks. The transcriptomic data supports the predicted core metabolism of N. moscoviensis, including the reductive TCA cycle as a CO2 fixation pathway, the novel bd-like oxidase as terminal oxidase and the octaheme nitrite reductase involved in nitrogen assimilation. Additionally, the expression of multiple copies of respiratory complexes suggests functional differentiation of these copies within the respiratory chain. Transcriptome analysis also suggests a soluble and a membrane-bound gamma subunit as part of the nitrite oxidoreductase (NXR), the enzyme catalyzing nitrite oxidation. Overall, the transcriptome data provided novel insights into the metabolism of Nitrospira supporting the genome-based prediction of key pathways. Moreover, the application of a CSTR to cultivate Nitrospira is an important foundation for future proteomic and biochemical characterizations, which are crucial for a better understanding of canonical and complete nitrifying microorganisms.

Dataset Information

Renewable Wood Pulp Paper Reactor with Hierarchical Micro/Nanopores for Continuous-Flow Nanocatalysis.

Publications

Renewable Wood Pulp Paper Reactor with Hierarchical Micro/Nanopores for Continuous-Flow Nanocatalysis.

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