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Periconceptional seafood intake and pregnancy complications.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To investigate associations of maternal periconceptional shellfish, lean fish and fatty fish intake with risk of pregnancy complications. DESIGN:In this prospective cohort study, we collected information on intake of seafood subtypes using FFQ. We categorized seafood intake into frequencies of 1 servings/week. We ascertained gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes and preterm birth diagnoses from medical records. Using generalized linear models with a log link, the Poisson family and robust standard errors, we estimated risk ratios and 95 % confidence intervals across seafood intake categories. SETTING:The Omega study, a study of risk factors for pregnancy complications among women recruited from prenatal clinics in Washington State, USA, 1996-2008. SUBJECTS:The current study included 3279 participants from the Omega study. RESULTS:Median (interquartile range) shellfish, lean fish and fatty fish intake was 0·3 (0-0·9), 0·5 (0-1·0) and 0·5 (0·1-1·0) servings/week, respectively. Lean fish intake of >1 servings/week (v. <0·2 servings/month) was associated with a 1·55-fold higher risk of preterm birth (95 % CI 1·04, 2·30) and was not associated with the other pregnancy complications. Higher intake of seafood (total or other subtypes) was not associated with pregnancy complications (separately or combined). CONCLUSIONS:Higher intake of lean fish, but not fatty fish or shellfish, was associated with a higher risk of preterm birth; these findings may have significance for preterm birth prevention. Studies of mechanisms and potential contributing factors (including seafood preparation and nutrient/contaminant content) are warranted.

SUBMITTER: Mohanty AF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5500259 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Periconceptional seafood intake and pregnancy complications.

Mohanty April F AF Siscovick David S DS Williams Michelle A MA Thompson Mary Lou ML Burbacher Thomas M TM Enquobahrie Daniel A DA

Public health nutrition 20151202 10

<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate associations of maternal periconceptional shellfish, lean fish and fatty fish intake with risk of pregnancy complications.<h4>Design</h4>In this prospective cohort study, we collected information on intake of seafood subtypes using FFQ. We categorized seafood intake into frequencies of 1 servings/week. We ascertained gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes and preterm birth diagnoses from medical records. Using generalized linear models with ...[more]

PMID: 26626702

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Project description:BackgroundMicronutrient supplementation during pregnancy is a controversial issue. For some micronutrients, for example folic acid or iodine, the evidence regarding supplementation is clear, whereas for others, such as zinc or vitamin E, it is not. Studies show that a large number of pregnant women have deficient levels of folic acid and iodine. However, especially with folic acid, starting supplementation during the preconception period is crucial. It is, therefore, important that gynaecologists explain this to their pregnant or preconceptional patients. Our goal was to find out how gynaecologists make their recommendations on this topic, how they assess the compliance of their patients and which micronutrients they consider to be important before/during pregnancy and during breastfeeding. METHOD AND RESULTS: We sent about 12,000 questionnaires to all registered resident gynaecologists in Germany, with a response rate of 12.2%. Regarding which micronutrients gynaecologists consider to be particularly important during pregnancy, there was a broad agreement for both folic acid and iodine (> 88% answered yes). According to the questionnaire, doctors rate other micronutrients, such as vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids, as less essential. The controversial evidence level for many micronutrients certainly plays a role here. Overall, the intake rate, especially for preconceptional women, is classified as rather low (< 60%). The most widely valued reason is the high price of dietary supplements. It was also noticeable that doctors consider certain micronutrients to be particularly important but then do not include them in the products they recommend.ConclusionOverall, there seems to be uncertainty about micronutrients in pregnancy and their supplementation. The study situation is often ambiguous and there are no official guidelines, leading to ambiguous recommendations from doctors and therefore low intake rates for pregnant or preconceptional women.

Project description:BackgroundMaternal seafood intake during pregnancy and prenatal mercury exposure may influence children's growth trajectories.MethodsThis study, based on the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), includes 51 952 mother-child pairs recruited in pregnancy during 2002-08 and a subsample (n = 2277) with maternal mercury concentrations in whole blood. Individual growth trajectories were computed by modelling based on child's reported weight and length/height from 1 month to 8 years. We used linear mixed-effects regression analysis and also conducted discordant-sibling analysis.ResultsMaternal lean fish was the main contributor to total seafood intake in pregnancy and was positively but weakly associated with child body mass index (BMI) growth trajectory. Higher prenatal mercury exposure (top decile) was associated with a reduction in child's weight growth trajectory, with the estimates ranging from -130 g [95% Confidence Intervals (CI) = -247, -12 g] at 18 months to -608 g (95% CI = -1.102, -113 g) at 8 years. Maternal fatty fish consumption was positively associated with child weight and BMI growth trajectory, but only in the higher mercury-exposed children (P-interaction = 0.045). Other seafood consumption during pregnancy was negatively associated with child weight growth compared with no intake, and this association was stronger for higher mercury-exposed children (P-interaction = 0.004). No association was observed between discordant maternal seafood intake and child growth in the sibling analysis.ConclusionsWithin a population with moderate seafood consumption and low mercury exposure, we found that maternal seafood consumption in pregnancy was associated with child growth trajectories, and the direction of the association varied by seafood type and level of prenatal mercury exposure. Prenatal mercury exposure was negatively associated with child growth. Our findings on maternal seafood intake are likely non-causal.

Project description:BackgroundWhile the potential adverse outcomes of prenatal exposure to unhealthy lifestyle are widely evidenced, little is known about these exposures in the periconception period. We investigated the associations between lifestyle behaviours and adverse pregnancy outcomes with a unique distinction between preconceptional- and prenatal lifestyle behaviours.MethodsA secondary analysis took place within a prospective multicentre cohort study in the Netherlands, including 3,684 pregnant women. Baseline characteristics and preconceptional and first trimester lifestyle behaviours were assessed through a self-administered questionnaire in the first trimester. Adverse pregnancy outcomes (hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP), small for gestational age (SGA), gestational diabetes (GDM) and spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB)) were reported by healthcare professionals. Data were collected between 2012 and 2014 and analysed using multivariate logistic regression.ResultsWomen who are overweight, and especially obese, have the highest odds of developing any adverse pregnancy outcome (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.61 (95 % Confidence Interval (CI) 1.31-1.99) and aOR 2.85 (95 %CI 2.20-3.68), respectively), particularly HDP and GDM. Women who prenatally continued smoking attained higher odds for SGA (aOR 1.91 (95 %CI 1.05-1.15)) compared to the reference group, but these odds decreased when women prenatally quit smoking (aOR 1.14 (95 %CI 0.59-2.21)). Women who did not use folic acid supplements tended to have a higher odds of developing adverse pregnancy outcomes (aOR 1.28 (95 %CI 0.97-1.69)), while women who prenatally started folic acid supplements did not (aOR 1.01 (95 %CI 0.82-1.25)).ConclusionsOur results indicate that smoking cessation, having a normal body mass index (BMI) and initiating folic acid supplements preconceptionally may decrease the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, intervening as early as the preconception period could benefit the health of future generations.

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Periconceptional seafood intake and pregnancy complications.

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Periconceptional seafood intake and pregnancy complications.

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