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ABSTRACT: Background
Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) associated mortality has not been well-established in tropical Africa.Methods
We used the negative binomial regression method and the rate-difference method (i.e. deaths during low and high influenza/RSV activity months), to estimate excess mortality attributable to influenza and RSV using verbal autopsy data collected through a health and demographic surveillance system in Western Kenya, 2007-2013. Excess mortality rates were calculated for a) all-cause mortality, b) respiratory deaths (including pneumonia), c) HIV-related deaths, and d) pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) related deaths.Results
Using the negative binomial regression method, the mean annual all-cause excess mortality rate associated with influenza and RSV was 14.1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.0-93.3) and 17.1 (95% CI 0.0-111.5) per 100,000 person-years (PY) respectively; and 10.5 (95% CI 0.0-28.5) and 7.3 (95% CI 0.0-27.3) per 100,000 PY for respiratory deaths, respectively. Highest mortality rates associated with influenza were among ?50 years, particularly among persons with TB (41.6[95% CI 0.0-122.7]); and with RSV were among <5 years. Using the rate-difference method, the excess mortality rate for influenza and RSV was 44.8 (95% CI 36.8-54.4) and 19.7 (95% CI 14.7-26.5) per 100,000 PY, respectively, for all-cause deaths; and 9.6 (95% CI 6.3-14.7) and 6.6 (95% CI 3.9-11.0) per 100,000 PY, respectively, for respiratory deaths.Conclusions
Our study shows a substantial excess mortality associated with influenza and RSV in Western Kenya, especially among children <5 years and older persons with TB, supporting recommendations for influenza vaccination and efforts to develop RSV vaccines.
SUBMITTER: Emukule GO
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5501643 | biostudies-literature | 2017
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Emukule Gideon O GO Spreeuwenberg Peter P Chaves Sandra S SS Mott Joshua A JA Tempia Stefano S Bigogo Godfrey G Nyawanda Bryan B Nyaguara Amek A Widdowson Marc-Alain MA van der Velden Koos K Paget John W JW
PloS one 20170707 7
<h4>Background</h4>Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) associated mortality has not been well-established in tropical Africa.<h4>Methods</h4>We used the negative binomial regression method and the rate-difference method (i.e. deaths during low and high influenza/RSV activity months), to estimate excess mortality attributable to influenza and RSV using verbal autopsy data collected through a health and demographic surveillance system in Western Kenya, 2007-2013. Excess mortality rates ...[more]