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Host sirtuin 1 regulates mycobacterial immunopathogenesis and represents a therapeutic target against tuberculosis.

ABSTRACT: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) executes a plethora of immune-evasive mechanisms, which contribute to its pathogenesis, limited efficacy of current therapy, and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. This has led to resurgence in attempts to develop new therapeutic strategies/targets against tuberculosis (TB). We show that Mtb down-regulates sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase, in monocytes/macrophages, TB animal models, and TB patients with active disease. Activation of SIRT1 reduced intracellular growth of drug-susceptible and drug-resistant strains of Mtb and induced phagosome-lysosome fusion and autophagy in a SIRT1-dependent manner. SIRT1 activation dampened Mtb-mediated persistent inflammatory responses via deacetylation of RelA/p65, leading to impaired binding of RelA/p65 on the promoter of inflammatory genes. In Mtb-infected mice, the use of SIRT1 activators ameliorated lung pathology, reduced chronic inflammation, and enhanced efficacy of anti-TB drug. Mass cytometry-based high-dimensional analysis revealed that SIRT1 activation mediated modulation of lung myeloid cells in Mtb-infected mice. Myeloid cell-specific SIRT1 knockout mice display increased inflammatory responses and susceptibility to Mtb infection. Collectively, these results provide a link between SIRT1 activation and TB pathogenesis and indicate a potential of SIRT1 activators in designing an effective and clinically relevant host-directed therapies for TB.

SUBMITTER: Cheng CY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5505666 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Host sirtuin 1 regulates mycobacterial immunopathogenesis and represents a therapeutic target against tuberculosis.

Cheng Catherine Y CY Gutierrez Nuria M NM Marzuki Mardiana B MB Lu Xiaohua X Foreman Taylor W TW Paleja Bhairav B Lee Bernett B Balachander Akhila A Chen Jinmiao J Tsenova Liana L Kurepina Natalia N Teng Karen W W KWW West Kim K Mehra Smriti S Zolezzi Francesca F Poidinger Michael M Kreiswirth Barry B Kaushal Deepak D Kornfeld Hardy H Newell Evan W EW Singhal Amit A

Science immunology 20170324 9

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) executes a plethora of immune-evasive mechanisms, which contribute to its pathogenesis, limited efficacy of current therapy, and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. This has led to resurgence in attempts to develop new therapeutic strategies/targets against tuberculosis (TB). We show that Mtb down-regulates sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase, in monocytes/macrophages, TB animal ...[more]

PMID: 28707004

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Project description:Tuberculosis (TB), a bacterialinfectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), which causes significant mortality in humans worldwide. Current treatment regimen involve the administration of multiple antibiotics over the course of several months that contributes to patient non-compliance leading to relapse and the development of drug-resistant M.tb (MDR and XDR) strains. Together, these facts highlight the need for the development of shorter TB treatment regimens. Host-directed therapy (HDT) is a new and emerging concept that aims to augment host immune response using drugs/compounds with or without adjunct antibiotics against M.tb infection. Autophagy is a natural catabolic mechanism of the cell that involves delivering the cytosolic constituents to the lysosomes for degradation and recycling the components; thereby maintaining the cellular and energy homoeostasis of a cell. However, over the past decade, an improved understanding of the role of autophagy in immunity has led to autophagy activation by using drugs or agents. This autophagy manipulation may represent a promising host-directed therapeutic strategy for human TB. However, current clinical knowledge on implementing autophagy activation by drugs or agents, as a stand-alone HDT or as an adjunct with antibiotics to treat human TB is insufficient. In recent years, many reports on high-throughput drug screening and measurement of autophagic flux by fluorescence, high-content microscopy, flow cytometry, microplate reader and immunoblotting have been published for the discovery of drugs that modulate autophagy. In this review, we discuss the commonly used chemical screening approaches in mammalian cells for the discovery of autophagy activating drugs against M.tbinfection. We also summarize the various autophagy-activating agents, both pre-clinical candidates and compounds approved for advanced clinical investigation during mycobacterial infection. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges in using autophagy activation as HDT strategy to improve TB outcome and shorten treatment regimen.

Dataset Information

Host sirtuin 1 regulates mycobacterial immunopathogenesis and represents a therapeutic target against tuberculosis.

Publications

Host sirtuin 1 regulates mycobacterial immunopathogenesis and represents a therapeutic target against tuberculosis.

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