Dataset Information

Accurate external localization of the left frontal cortex in dogs by using pointer based frameless neuronavigation.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In humans, non-stereotactic frameless neuronavigation systems are used as a topographical tool for non-invasive brain stimulation methods such as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). TMS studies in dogs may provide treatment modalities for several neuropsychological disorders in dogs. Nevertheless, an accurate non-invasive localization of a stimulation target has not yet been performed in this species.

Hypothesis

This study was primarily put forward to externally locate the left frontal cortex in 18 healthy dogs by means of a human non-stereotactic neuronavigation system. Secondly, the accuracy of the external localization was assessed.

Animals

A total of 18 healthy dogs, drawn at random from the research colony present at the faculty of Veterinary Medicine (Ghent University), were used.

Methods

Two sets of coordinates (X, Y, Z and X?, Y?, Z?) were compared on each dog their tomographical dataset.

Results

The non-stereotactic neuronavigation system was able to externally locate the frontal cortex in dogs with accuracy comparable with human studies.

Conclusion and clinical importance

This result indicates that a non-stereotactic neuronavigation system can accurately externally locate the left frontal cortex and paves the way to use guided non-invasive brain stimulation methods as an alternative treatment procedure for neurological and behavioral disorders in dogs. This technique could, in analogy with human guided non-invasive brain stimulation, provide a better treatment outcome for dogs suffering from anxiety disorders when compared to its non-guided alternative.

SUBMITTER: Dockx R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5507169 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Accurate external localization of the left frontal cortex in dogs by using pointer based frameless neuronavigation.

Dockx Robrecht R Peremans Kathelijne K Duprat Romain R Vlerick Lise L Van Laeken Nick N Saunders Jimmy H JH Polis Ingeborgh I De Vos Filip F Baeken Chris C

PeerJ 20170710

<h4>Background</h4>In humans, non-stereotactic frameless neuronavigation systems are used as a topographical tool for non-invasive brain stimulation methods such as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). TMS studies in dogs may provide treatment modalities for several neuropsychological disorders in dogs. Nevertheless, an accurate non-invasive localization of a stimulation target has not yet been performed in this species.<h4>Hypothesis</h4>This study was primarily put forward to externally lo ...[more]

PMID: 28713649

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Recent evidence derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies suggests that functional hubs (i.e., highly connected brain regions) are important for mental health. We found recently that global connectivity of a hub in the left frontal cortex (LFC connectivity) is associated with relatively preserved memory abilities and higher levels of protective factors (education, IQ) in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease. These results suggest that LFC connectivity supports reserve capacity, alleviating memory decline. An open question, however, is why LFC connectivity is beneficial and supports memory function in the face of neurodegeneration. We hypothesized that higher LFC connectivity is associated with enhanced efficiency in connected major networks involved in episodic memory. We further hypothesized that higher LFC-related network efficiency predicts higher memory abilities. METHODS:We assessed fMRI during a face-name association learning task performed by 26 healthy, cognitively normal elderly participants. Using beta-series correlation analysis, we computed task-related LFC connectivity to key memory networks, including the default mode network (DMN) and dorsal attention network (DAN). Network efficiency within the DMN and DAN was estimated by the graph theoretical small-worldness statistic. We applied linear regression analyses to test the association between LFC connectivity with the DMN/DAN and small-worldness of these networks. Mediation analysis was applied to test LFC connectivity to the DMN and DAN as a mediator of the association between education and higher DMN and DAN small-worldness. Last, we tested network small-worldness as a predictor of memory performance. RESULTS:We found that higher LFC connectivity to the DMN and DAN during successful memory encoding and recognition was associated with higher small-worldness of those networks. Higher task-related LFC connectivity mediated the association between education and higher small-worldness in the DMN and DAN. Further, higher small-worldness of these networks predicted better performance in the memory task. CONCLUSIONS:The present results suggest that higher education-related LFC connectivity to key memory networks during a memory task is associated with higher network efficiency and thus enhanced reserve of memory abilities in aging.

Dataset Information

Accurate external localization of the left frontal cortex in dogs by using pointer based frameless neuronavigation.

Background

Hypothesis

Animals

Methods

Results

Conclusion and clinical importance

Publications

Accurate external localization of the left frontal cortex in dogs by using pointer based frameless neuronavigation.

Similar Datasets

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