Dataset Information

Spatio-temporal orientation of microtubules controls conical cell shape in Arabidopsis thaliana petals.

ABSTRACT: The physiological functions of epidermal cells are largely determined by their diverse morphologies. Most flowering plants have special conical-shaped petal epidermal cells that are thought to influence light capture and reflectance, and provide pollinator grips, but the molecular mechanisms controlling conical cell shape remain largely unknown. Here, we developed a live-confocal imaging approach to quantify geometric parameters of conical cells in Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana). Through genetic screens, we identified katanin (KTN1) mutants showing a phenotype of decreased tip sharpening of conical cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SPIKE1 and Rho of Plants (ROP) GTPases were required for the final shape formation of conical cells, as KTN1 does. Live-cell imaging showed that wild-type cells exhibited random orientation of cortical microtubule arrays at early developmental stages but displayed a well-ordered circumferential orientation of microtubule arrays at later stages. By contrast, loss of KTN1 prevented random microtubule networks from shifting into well-ordered arrays. We further showed that the filamentous actin cap, which is a typical feature of several plant epidermal cell types including root hairs and leaf trichomes, was not observed in the growth apexes of conical cells during cell development. Moreover, our genetic and pharmacological data suggested that microtubules but not actin are required for conical cell shaping. Together, our results provide a novel imaging approach for studying petal conical cell morphogenesis and suggest that the spatio-temporal organization of microtubule arrays plays crucial roles in controlling conical cell shape.

SUBMITTER: Ren H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5507347 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Spatio-temporal orientation of microtubules controls conical cell shape in Arabidopsis thaliana petals.

Ren Huibo H Dang Xie X Cai Xianzhi X Yu Peihang P Li Yajun Y Zhang Shanshan S Liu Menghong M Chen Binqing B Lin Deshu D

PLoS genetics 20170623 6

The physiological functions of epidermal cells are largely determined by their diverse morphologies. Most flowering plants have special conical-shaped petal epidermal cells that are thought to influence light capture and reflectance, and provide pollinator grips, but the molecular mechanisms controlling conical cell shape remain largely unknown. Here, we developed a live-confocal imaging approach to quantify geometric parameters of conical cells in Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana). Through gen ...[more]

PMID: 28644898

Similar Datasets

Project description:Changing climate and human demographics in the world's mountains will have increasingly profound environmental and societal consequences across all elevations. Quantifying current human populations in and near mountains is crucial to ensure that any interventions in these complex social-ecological systems are appropriately resourced, and that valuable ecosystems are effectively protected. However, comprehensive and reproducible analyses on this subject are lacking. Here, we develop and implement an open workflow to quantify the sensitivity of mountain population estimates over recent decades, both globally and for several sets of relevant reporting regions, to alternative input dataset combinations. Relationships between mean population density and several potential environmental covariates are also explored across elevational bands within individual mountain regions (i.e. "sub-mountain range scale"). Globally, mountain population estimates vary greatly-from 0.344 billion (<5% of the corresponding global total) to 2.289 billion (>31%) in 2015. A more detailed analysis using one of the population datasets (GHS-POP) revealed that in ∼35% of mountain sub-regions, population increased at least twofold over the 40-year period 1975-2015. The urban proportion of the total mountain population in 2015 ranged from 6% to 39%, depending on the combination of population and urban extent datasets used. At sub-mountain range scale, population density was found to be more strongly associated with climatic than with topographic and protected-area variables, and these relationships appear to have strengthened slightly over time. Such insights may contribute to improved predictions of future mountain population distributions under scenarios of future climatic and demographic change. Overall, our work emphasizes that irrespective of data choices, substantial human populations are likely to be directly affected by-and themselves affect-mountainous environmental and ecological change. It thereby further underlines the urgency with which the multitudinous challenges concerning the interactions between mountain climate and human societies under change must be tackled.

Dataset Information

Spatio-temporal orientation of microtubules controls conical cell shape in Arabidopsis thaliana petals.

Publications

Spatio-temporal orientation of microtubules controls conical cell shape in Arabidopsis thaliana petals.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets