Dataset Information

Experimental Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Black Shales after CO?-Water-Rock Interaction.

ABSTRACT: The effects of CO?-water-rock interactions on the mechanical properties of shale are essential for estimating the possibility of sequestrating CO? in shale reservoirs. In this study, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) tests together with an acoustic emission (AE) system and SEM and EDS analysis were performed to investigate the mechanical properties and microstructural changes of black shales with different saturation times (10 days, 20 days and 30 days) in water dissoluted with gaseous/super-critical CO?. According to the experimental results, the values of UCS, Young's modulus and brittleness index decrease gradually with increasing saturation time in water with gaseous/super-critical CO?. Compared to samples without saturation, 30-day saturation causes reductions of 56.43% in UCS and 54.21% in Young's modulus for gaseous saturated samples, and 66.05% in UCS and 56.32% in Young's modulus for super-critical saturated samples, respectively. The brittleness index also decreases drastically from 84.3% for samples without saturation to 50.9% for samples saturated in water with gaseous CO?, to 47.9% for samples saturated in water with super-critical carbon dioxide (SC-CO?). SC-CO? causes a greater reduction of shale's mechanical properties. The crack propagation results obtained from the AE system show that longer saturation time produces higher peak cumulative AE energy. SEM images show that many pores occur when shale samples are saturated in water with gaseous/super-critical CO?. The EDS results show that CO?-water-rock interactions increase the percentages of C and Fe and decrease the percentages of Al and K on the surface of saturated samples when compared to samples without saturation.

SUBMITTER: Lyu Q

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5509274 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Experimental Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Black Shales after CO₂-Water-Rock Interaction.

Lyu Qiao Q Ranjith Pathegama Gamage PG Long Xinping X Ji Bin B

Materials (Basel, Switzerland) 20160806 8

The effects of CO₂-water-rock interactions on the mechanical properties of shale are essential for estimating the possibility of sequestrating CO₂ in shale reservoirs. In this study, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) tests together with an acoustic emission (AE) system and SEM and EDS analysis were performed to investigate the mechanical properties and microstructural changes of black shales with different saturation times (10 days, 20 days and 30 days) in water dissoluted with gaseous/super-c ...[more]

PMID: 28773784

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Project description:With increasingly detailed imaging and mechanical analysis, modalities need arises to update methodology and assessment criteria for skull bone analysis to understand how bone microarchitecture and the presence of attached tissues may affect the response to mechanical load. The main aim was to analyze the effect of macroscopic and microstructural features, as well as periosteal attachment, on the mechanical properties of human skull bone. Fifty-six skull specimens from ethanol-phenoxyethanol-embalmed cadavers were prepared from two human cadavers. Assuming symmetry of the skull, all samples from one-half each were stripped of periosteum and dura mater, while the soft tissues were kept intact on the remaining samples on the contralateral side. The specimens were analyzed using microcomputed tomography to assess trabecular connectivity density, total surface area, and volume ratio. The specimens were loaded under three-point bend tests until fracture with optical co-registration. The bone fragments were then lyophilized to measure their water content. With increasingly detailed imaging and mechanical analysis modalities, there is a need to update methodology and assessment criteria for skull bone analysis to understand how the bone microarchitecture and the presence of attached tissues may affect the response to mechanical load. The mechanical properties were negatively correlated to bone thickness and water content. Conversely, most microarchitectural features did not influence either mechanical parameter. The correlation between mechanical response data and morphologic properties remains similar between the results of embalmed tissues presented here and fresh osseous tissue from literature data. The findings presented here add to the existing methodology to assess human skull for research purposes. The interaction between most microarchitectural features in ethanol-phenoxyethanol-embalmed embalmed skull samples and bending stress appear to be minute.

Dataset Information

Experimental Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Black Shales after CO?-Water-Rock Interaction.

Publications

Experimental Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Black Shales after CO₂-Water-Rock Interaction.

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