Dataset Information

Cilostazol Use Is Associated with Reduced Risk of Dementia: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

ABSTRACT: Whether antiplatelet agents have a preventive effect on cognitive function remains unknown. We examined the potential association between the use of cilostazol, an antiplatelet agent and cyclic adenosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, and the risk of dementia in an Asian population. Patients initiating cilostazol therapy between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2009 without a prior history of dementia were identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance database. Participants were stratified by age, sex, comorbidities, and comedication. The outcome of interest was all-cause dementia (ICD-9-CM codes 290.0, 290.4, 294.1, 331.0). Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of dementia. The cumulative cilostazol dosage was stratified by quartile of defined daily doses using no cilostazol use as a reference. A total of 9148 participants 40 years of age or older and free of dementia at baseline were analyzed. Patients using cilostazol (n?=?2287) had a significantly decreased risk of incident dementia compared with patients not using the drug [n?=?6861; adjusted HR (aHR) 0.75; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61-0.92]. Notably, cilostazol use was found to have a dose-dependent association with reduced rate of dementia emergence (p for trend?=?0.001). Subgroup analysis identified a decline of dementia in cilostazol users with diagnosed ischemic heart disease (aHR 0.44, 95% CI 0.24-0.83) and cerebral vascular disease (aHR 0.34, 95% CI 0.21-0.54). These observations suggest that cilostazol use may reduce the risk to develop dementia, and a high cumulative dose further decreases the risk of dementia. These findings should be examined further in randomized clinical trials.

SUBMITTER: Tai SY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5509621 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cilostazol Use Is Associated with Reduced Risk of Dementia: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Tai Shu-Yu SY Chien Chen-Yu CY Chang Yu-Han YH Yang Yuan-Han YH

Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics 20170701 3

Whether antiplatelet agents have a preventive effect on cognitive function remains unknown. We examined the potential association between the use of cilostazol, an antiplatelet agent and cyclic adenosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, and the risk of dementia in an Asian population. Patients initiating cilostazol therapy between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2009 without a prior history of dementia were identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance database. Participants were ...[more]

PMID: 28194663

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Project description:Background and Objective: It has been suggested to avoid cilostazol, the first-line therapy for peripheral arterial disease, in patients with congestive heart failure (HF). The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) associated with cilostazol use in the patients of diabetes mellitus. Methods: This case-crossover study retrieved records on diabetic patients > 20 years of age who were hospitalized for heart failure during the period of 2009-2011 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database. The "current" period was defined as 1-30 days prior to HHF whereas the 91-120 days prior to HHF served as the "reference" period. The exposure status just preceding the event is compared with exposure of the same person in one or more referent remote to the event. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) were used to estimate time-varying discordant exposure by the ratio of the number exposed to cilostazol only during the case period to the number exposed to cilostazol only during the control period. Results: A total of 47,506 diabetic patients were included in the analysis (average age: 72.7 ± 12.4, percentage of males: 48%). A total of 399 patients (0.84%) received cilostazol only in the current period, and 252 (0.53%) received cilostazol only in the reference period. After adjustment for other medications, a significant association was found between cilostazol and HHF (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.14-1.59). After further adjustment for time-varying co-morbidities the ORs remained essentially the same. Sensitivity analyses using different definitions of control period (ranging from 31-60, 61-90, to 121-150 days before index date) yielded adjusted ORs of 1.43 (95% CI: 1.14-1.79), 1.31 (95% CI: 1.09-1.57) and 1.23 (95% CI: 1.06-1.44), respectively suggesting the robustness of our study findings. Conclusion: Use of cilostazol may be positively related to the risk of HHF. Further studies are warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and to confirm the association.

Project description:Depression and dementia are common mental health problems and are associated in several ways. Early-life depression is associated with increased risk of later life dementia, and depression can present as a preclinical symptom or consequence of dementia. Despite the plausible relationship between these two clinical entities, the potential association between antidepressant medication and dementia has rarely been investigated. We conducted a 9-year retrospective analysis of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), enrolling 5819 cases who had received prescriptions of antidepressants between 2003 and 2006, and 23,276 (with ratio of 1:4) age, sex, and index date-matched controls. The hazard ratio (HR) of dementia among antidepressant users with depression was 2.42 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15-5.10), for those without depression was 4.05 (95% CI: 3.19-5.15), compared to antidepressant non-users respectively. Among the 6 classes of common antidepressants used in Taiwan, the adjusted HRs were 3.66 (95% CI: 2.62-5.09) for SSRIs, 4.73 (95% CI: 2.54-8.80) for SNRI, 3.26 (95% CI: 2.30-4.63) for TCAs, 6.62 (95% CI: 3.34-13.13) for TeCA, 4.94 (95% CI: 2.17-11.24) for MAOI, and 4.48 (95% CI: 3.13-6.40) for SARI. Furthermore, the multivariate analysis result showed that the adjusted HRs of cumulative defined daily doses (cDDDs) were 3.74 (95% CI: 2.91-4.82), 3.73 (95% CI: 2.39-5.80) and 5.22 (95% CI: 3.35-8.14) for those who had cDDDs of <90, 90-180 and >180 compared to those who had taken no antidepressant medication. This is a retrospective study based on secondary data, hence, we could not claim causality between antidepressant medication and dementia. However, a potential association between antidepressant and occurrence of dementia after controlling for the status of depression was observed. Lack of patients' data about smoking status and body mass index in NHIRD, which are considered related to dementia, was also a limitation in this study. In this study, we concluded that antidepressant medication is a potential risk factor for dementia, independent from any effect of depression itself.

Project description:BackgroundThe aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal association between oral health parameters and osteoporotic fracture.MethodsThe study included participants who received oral health screening by dentists from the National Health Screening cohort database of Korea between 2003 and 2006. The primary outcome was osteoporotic fracture occurrence, which was defined using specific international classification of diseases-10 codes; vertebral fracture (S22.0, S22.1, S32.0, S32.7, T08, M48.4, M48.5, and M49.5), hip fracture (S72.0 and S72.1), distal radius fracture (S52.5 and S52.6), and humerus fracture (S42.2 and S42.3). The presence of periodontitis and various oral health examination findings, such as missing teeth, caries, frequency of tooth brushing, and dental scaling, were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazard model to assess their association with osteoporotic fracture occurrence.ResultsThe analysis included a total of 194,192 participants, among whom 16,683 (8.59%) developed osteoporotic fracture during a median follow-up of 10.3 years. Poor oral health status, including periodontitis (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.18, p = 0.039), a higher number of missing teeth (≥15; aHR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.45-1.75, p < 0.001), and dental caries (≥6; aHR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.02-1.35, p = 0.030), was associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fracture. On the other hand, better oral hygiene behaviors such as brushing teeth frequently (≥3 times per day; aHR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.78-0.86, p < 0.001) and having dental scaling within 1 year (aHR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.84-0.90, p < 0.001) were negatively associated with the occurrence of osteoporotic fracture.ConclusionThe study found that poor oral health, such as periodontitis, missing teeth, and dental caries, was associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fracture. Conversely, good oral hygiene behaviors like frequent teeth brushing and dental scaling within 1 year were associated with a reduced risk. Further research is needed to confirm this association.

Dataset Information

Cilostazol Use Is Associated with Reduced Risk of Dementia: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Publications

Cilostazol Use Is Associated with Reduced Risk of Dementia: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

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