Dataset Information

Risk Factors for 30-Day Unplanned Readmission and Major Perioperative Complications After Spine Fusion Surgery in Adults: A Review of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database.

ABSTRACT: Retrospective review of a prospective cohort.The aim of the study was to determine the patient characteristics and surgical procedure factors related to increased rates of 30-day unplanned readmission and major perioperative complications after spinal fusion surgery, and the association between unplanned readmission and major complications.Reducing unplanned readmissions can reduce the cost of healthcare. Payers are implementing penalties for 30-day readmissions after discharge. There is limited data regarding the current rates and risk factors for unplanned readmission and major complications related to spinal fusion surgery.Spine fusion patients were identified using the 2012 and 2013 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Participant User File. Rates of readmissions within 30 days after spine fusion surgery were calculated using the person-years method. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the independent associations of spine surgical procedure types, diagnoses, patient profiles, and major perioperative complications with unplanned related readmissions. Independent risk factors for major complications were assessed by multivariable logistic regression.Of the 18,602 identified patients, there was a 5.2% overall major perioperative complication rate. There was a rate of 4.4% per 30 person-days for unplanned readmissions related to index surgery. Independent risk factors for both readmissions and major perioperative complications included combined anterior and posterior surgery, diagnosis of solitary tumor, older age, and higher American Society of Anesthesiologists class. Patients with deep/organ surgical site infection carried higher risk of having unplanned readmission, followed by pulmonary embolism, acute renal failure, and stroke/cerebral vascular accident with neurological deficit.This study provides benchmark rates of 30-day readmission based on diagnosis and procedure codes from a high-quality database for adult spinal fusion patients and showed increased rates of 30-day unplanned readmission and major perioperative complications for patients with specific risk factors. Targeted preoperative planning on modifiable risk factors with proportional reimbursement may promote higher-quality healthcare.3.

SUBMITTER: Su AW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5516213 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Risk Factors for 30-Day Unplanned Readmission and Major Perioperative Complications After Spine Fusion Surgery in Adults: A Review of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database.

Su Alvin W AW Habermann Elizabeth B EB Thomsen Kristine M KM Milbrandt Todd A TA Nassr Ahmad A Larson A Noelle AN

Spine 20161001 19

<h4>Study design</h4>Retrospective review of a prospective cohort.<h4>Objective</h4>The aim of the study was to determine the patient characteristics and surgical procedure factors related to increased rates of 30-day unplanned readmission and major perioperative complications after spinal fusion surgery, and the association between unplanned readmission and major complications.<h4>Summary of background data</h4>Reducing unplanned readmissions can reduce the cost of healthcare. Payers are implem ...[more]

PMID: 26967124

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Project description:Unplanned hospital readmissions following surgical interventions are associated with adverse events and contribute to increasing health care costs. Despite numerous studies defining risk factors following lower extremity bypass surgery, evidence regarding readmission after endovascular interventions is limited. This study aimed to identify predictors of 30-day unplanned readmission following infrainguinal endovascular interventions.We identified all patients undergoing an infrainguinal endovascular intervention in the targeted vascular module of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program between 2012 and 2014. Perioperative outcomes were stratified by symptom status (chronic limb-threatening ischemia [CLI] vs claudication). Patients who died during index admission and those who remained in the hospital after 30 days were excluded. Indications for unplanned readmission related to the index procedure were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify preoperative and in-hospital (during index admission) risk factors of 30-day unplanned readmission.There were 4449 patients who underwent infrainguinal endovascular intervention, of whom 2802 (63%) had CLI (66% tissue loss) and 1647 (37%) had claudication. The unplanned readmission rates for CLI and claudication patients were 16% (n = 447) and 6.5% (n = 107), respectively. Mortality after index admission was higher for readmitted patients compared with those not readmitted (CLI, 3.4% vs 0.7% [P < .001]; claudication, 2.8% vs 0.1% [P < .01]). Approximately 50% of all unplanned readmissions were related to the index procedure. Among CLI patients, the most common indication for readmission related to the index procedure was wound or infection related (42%), whereas patients with claudication were mainly readmitted for recurrent symptoms of peripheral vascular disease (28%). In patients with CLI, predictors of unplanned readmission included diabetes (odds ratio, 1.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.6), congestive heart failure (1.6; 1.1-2.5), renal insufficiency (1.7; 1.3-2.2), preoperative dialysis (1.4; 1.02-1.9), tibial angioplasty/stenting (1.3; 1.04-1.6), in-hospital bleeding (1.9; 1.04-3.5), in-hospital unplanned return to the operating room (1.9; 1.1-3.5), and discharge other than to home (1.5; 1.1-2.0). Risk factors for those with claudication were dependent functional status (3.5; 1.4-8.7), smoking (1.6; 1.02-2.5), diabetes (1.5; 1.01-2.3), preoperative dialysis (3.6; 1.6-8.3), procedure time exceeding 120 minutes (1.8; 1.1-2.7), in-hospital bleeding (2.9; 1.2-7.4), and in-hospital unplanned return to the operating room (3.4; 1.2-9.4).Unplanned readmission after endovascular treatment is relatively common, especially in patients with CLI, and is associated with substantially increased mortality. Awareness of these risk factors will help providers identify patients at high risk who may benefit from early surveillance, and prophylactic measures focused on decreasing postoperative complications may reduce the rate of readmission.

Project description:BackgroundExisting readmission reduction solutions tend to focus on complementing inpatient care with enhanced care transition and postdischarge interventions. These solutions are initiated near or after discharge, when clinicians' impact on inpatient care is ending. Preventive intervention during hospitalization is an underexplored area that holds potential for reducing readmission risk. However, it is challenging to predict readmission risk at the early stage of hospitalization because few data are available.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to build an early prediction model of unplanned 30-day hospital readmission using a large and diverse sample. We were also interested in identifying novel readmission risk factors and protective factors.MethodsWe extracted the medical records of 96,550 patients in 205 participating Cerner client hospitals across four US census regions in 2016 from the Health Facts database. The model was built with index admission data that can become available within 24 hours and data from previous encounters up to 1 year before the index admission. The candidate models were evaluated for performance, timeliness, and generalizability. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify readmission risk factors and protective factors.ResultsWe developed six candidate readmission models with different machine learning algorithms. The best performing model of extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.753 on the development data set and 0.742 on the validation data set. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, we identified 14 risk factors and 2 protective factors of readmission that have never been reported.ConclusionsThe performance of our model is better than that of the most widely used models in US health care settings. This model can help clinicians identify readmission risk at the early stage of hospitalization so that they can pay extra attention during the care process of high-risk patients. The 14 novel risk factors and 2 novel protective factors can aid understanding of the factors associated with readmission.

Project description:PURPOSE:Analyze associations between patients' characteristics and treatment factors with 30-day unplanned readmissions in hospitalized otolaryngology patients in the German Diagnosis Related Group (D-DRG) system. METHODS:A retrospective cohort study was performed on 15.271 otolaryngology admissions of 12.859 patients in 2015 in Thuringia, Germany. The medical records of the 1173 cases (7.6%) with readmission within 30-days were analyzed in detail. RESULTS:The 30-day readmission was planned in 747 cases (4.9%) and was unplanned in 422 cases (2.8%). The median interval between primary and next inpatient treatment was 11 days. The principal diagnosis was the same as during the primary index treatment in 72% of the cases. The most frequent reasons for readmission were: Need for non-surgical therapy (31.2%), need for further surgery (26.3%), post-surgical complaints (16.9%), and recurrence of primary complaints (10.7%). The multivariate analysis revealed that discharge due to patient's request against medical advice was a strong independent factor with high risk for unplanned readmission (Odds Ratio [OR] = 9.62]; confidence interval [CI] = 2.69-34.48). Surgery at index admission (OR = 3.33; CI = 1.86-5.96) was the second important independent risk factor for unplanned readmission. Unplanned readmission had more frequently a non-surgical treatment at readmission than a surgical treatment (OR = 3.92; CI = 2.24-6.84) and needed more frequently further diagnostics (OR = 2.34; CI = 1.34-4.11). The following index International Classification of Diseases (ICD) categories had the highest risk for unplanned readmission: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes, ICD: S00-T98 (OR = 66.67; CI = 15.87-333.33), symptoms, signs, abnormal findings, ill-defined causes, not otherwise classified, ICD: R00-R99 (OR = 62.5; CI = 11.76-333.33), blood forming organ diseases, ICD: D50-D90 (OR = 21.276; CI = 3.508-125), and eye/ ear diseases, ICD: H00-H95 (OR = 12.66; CI = 4.29-37.03). CONCLUSIONS:The causes of unplanned 30-day readmission in German otolaryngology inpatients are multifactorial. Specific patient and treatment characteristics were identified to be targeted with health care interventions to decrease unplanned readmissions.

Project description:BackgroundUnplanned hospital readmissions are a major source of morbidity among dialysis patients, in whom the risk of hospital readmission is exceptionally high. The contribution of dialysis facility staffing to hospital readmission has been largely overlooked.MethodsUsing annual data of dialysis patients from the United States Renal Data System from 2010 to 2013, we assessed dialysis facilities with a significantly worse (SW) and facilities with a nonsignificant (NS) standardized readmission ratio (SRR). SRR estimates were risk adjusted for patient factors, past year comorbidities, and index hospitalization characteristics. Facility staffing variables were compared between 2 exposure groups: facilities with SW and NS SRRs. Four measures of staffing, including patient-to-staffing ratio, were compared between SW and matched NS facilities.ResultsAbout 136,000-148,000 dialysis patients with 269,000-319,000 index hospital discharges were used to identify facilities with SW and facilities with NS SRR annually. Approximately 3-4% of facilities were identified as having SW SRR among > 5,000 facilities annually. The percent of nurses-to-total staff was significantly lower in 2010 for SW facilities than in matched NS facilities (42.5 vs. 45.6%, p = 0.012), but this disparity was attenuated by 2013 (44.8 vs. 44.7%, p = 0.949). There was a higher patient-to-nurse ratio for SW facilities than for NS facilities (mean 16.4 vs. 15.2, p = 0.038) in 2010 as well, and the disparity was reduced by 2013. The trends were similar for patient-to-total staff and patient-to-registered nurse, but not statistically significant.ConclusionsThis study found that dialysis facilities with SW 30-day readmission rates had lower proportions of nurses-to-total staff and higher patient-to-nurse ratios, but this disparity improved in recent years. Additional research is warranted focusing on how evidence-based staffing at dialysis facilities can contribute to reduction of hospital readmission, and this knowledge is needed to inform clinical practice guidelines and policy decisions regarding optimal dialysis patient staffing.

Dataset Information

Risk Factors for 30-Day Unplanned Readmission and Major Perioperative Complications After Spine Fusion Surgery in Adults: A Review of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database.

Publications

Risk Factors for 30-Day Unplanned Readmission and Major Perioperative Complications After Spine Fusion Surgery in Adults: A Review of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database.

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