Dataset Information

Effects of cardiac timing and peripheral resistance on measurement of pulse wave velocity for assessment of arterial stiffness.

ABSTRACT: To investigate the effects of heart rate (HR), left ventricular ejection time (LVET) and wave reflection on arterial stiffness as assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV), a pulse wave propagation simulation system (PWPSim) based on the transmission line model of the arterial tree was developed and was applied to investigate pulse wave propagation. HR, LVET, arterial elastic modulus and peripheral resistance were increased from 60 to 100 beats per minute (bpm), 0.1 to 0.45?seconds, 0.5 to 1.5 times and 0.5 to 1.5 times of the normal value, respectively. Carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV) and brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV) were calculated by intersecting tangent method (cfPWV_tan and baPWV_tan), maximum slope (cfPWV_max and baPWV_max), and using the Moens-Korteweg equation ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]). Results showed cfPWV and baPWV increased significantly with arterial elastic modulus but did not increase with HR when using a constant elastic modulus. However there were significant LVET dependencies of cfPWV_tan and baPWV_tan (0.17?±?0.13 and 0.17?±?0.08?m/s per 50?ms), and low peripheral resistance dependencies of cfPWV_tan, cfPWV_max, baPWV_tan and baPWV_max (0.04?±?0.01, 0.06?±?0.04, 0.06?±?0.03 and 0.09?±?0.07?m/s per 10% peripheral resistance), respectively. This study demonstrated that LVET dominates the effect on calculated PWV compared to HR and peripheral resistance when arterial elastic modulus is constant.

SUBMITTER: Xiao H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5519778 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of cardiac timing and peripheral resistance on measurement of pulse wave velocity for assessment of arterial stiffness.

Xiao Hanguang H Butlin Mark M Tan Isabella I Avolio Alberto A

Scientific reports 20170720 1

To investigate the effects of heart rate (HR), left ventricular ejection time (LVET) and wave reflection on arterial stiffness as assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV), a pulse wave propagation simulation system (PWPSim) based on the transmission line model of the arterial tree was developed and was applied to investigate pulse wave propagation. HR, LVET, arterial elastic modulus and peripheral resistance were increased from 60 to 100 beats per minute (bpm), 0.1 to 0.45 seconds, 0.5 to 1.5 times ...[more]

PMID: 28729696

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Project description:Background:Obesity is an important risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Atherosclerosis can be considered an important signal of CVD. Primary physicians can reduce the risk of CVD by preventing and treating obesity. Therefore, finding a tool to diagnose the association of obesity with arteriosclerosis is important. The association between obesity parameters and arterial stiffness remains controversial. To our knowledge, no previous studies reported the relationships between multiple new anthropometric parameters (a body shape index [ABSI], body round index [BRI], and visceral adiposity index [VAI]) and brachial-ankle wave velocity (ba-PWV) as an indicator of CVD risk, especially in the Korean population. Objective:To investigate the relationships between arterial stiffness (assessed using ba-PWV) and anthropometric parameters estimated on the basis of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), ABSI, BRI, and VAI, and to identify the indicators of obesity that best represents CVD risk. Methods:A total of 2,647 adults (1,474 men and 1,173 women) were recruited for this cross-sectional study. The correlations between the anthropometric indexes (BMI, WC, ABSI, BRI, and VAI) and mean ba-PWV were analyzed. A multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between each anthropometric and the presence of arterial stiffness. Results:We investigated the relationships between the obesity parameters and ba-PWV by adjusting the covariates (age, diabetes mellitus [DM], hypertension [HTN], and smoking status) related to the mean ba-PWV. In the multivariate regression analysis, ABSI (men: ? =0.066, p<0.01; women: ? =0.087, p<0.001) and VAI (men: ? =0.067, p<0.01; women: ? =0.136, p<0.001) were found to be significantly correlated with the mean ba-PWV in both men and women in Korea. Conclusion:Among the new obesity indices, ABSI and VAI were found to be significantly associated with arterial stiffness, represented by the mean ba-PWV, in both men and women in Korea. These results suggest that ABSI and VAI may be convenient, highly cost-effective, and simple assessment tools for obesity and CVD risk in clinical practice.

Project description:IntroductionIntestinal microbiota is arising as a new element in the physiopathology of cardiovascular diseases. A healthy microbiota includes a balanced representation of bacteria with health promotion functions (symbiotes). The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between intestinal microbiota composition and arterial stiffness.Methods and analysisAn observational case-control study will be developed. Cases will be defined by the presence of at least one of the following: carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI), brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (ba or ba-PWV) above the 90th percentile, for age and sex, of the reference population. Controls will be selected from the same population as cases. The study will be developed in Primary Healthcare Centres. We will select 500 subjects (250 cases and 250 controls), between 45 and 74 years of age. Cases will be selected from a database that combines data from EVA study (Spain) and Guimarães/Vizela study (Portugal).Measurementscf-PWV will be measured using the SphygmoCor system, CAVI, ba-PWV and Ankle-Brachial Index will be determined using VaSera device. Gut microbiome composition in faecal samples will be determined by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Lifestyle will be assessed by food frequency questionnaire, adherence to the Mediterranean diet and IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire). Body composition will be evaluated by bioimpedance.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by 'Committee of ethics of research with medicines of the health area of Salamanca' on 14 December 2018 (cod. 2018-11-136) and the 'Ethics committee for health of Guimaraes' (Portugal) on 15 October 2019 (ref: 67/2019). All study participants will sign an informed consent form agreeing to participate in the study, in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the WHO standards for observational studies. The results of this study will allow a better description of gut microbiota in patients with arterial stiffness.Trial registration detailsClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03900338.

Dataset Information

Effects of cardiac timing and peripheral resistance on measurement of pulse wave velocity for assessment of arterial stiffness.

Publications

Effects of cardiac timing and peripheral resistance on measurement of pulse wave velocity for assessment of arterial stiffness.

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