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Vitamin D and Memory Decline: Two Population-Based Prospective Studies.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Vitamin D deficiency has been linked with dementia risk, cognitive decline, and executive dysfunction. However, the association with memory remains largely unknown. OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations are associated with memory decline. METHODS:We used data on 1,291 participants from the US Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and 915 participants from the Dutch Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) who were dementia-free at baseline, had valid vitamin D measurements, and follow-up memory assessments. The Benton Visual Retention Test (in the CHS) and Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test (in the LASA) were used to assess visual and verbal memory, respectively. RESULTS:In the CHS, those moderately and severely deficient in serum 25(OH)D changed -0.03 SD (95% CI: -0.06 to 0.01) and -0.10 SD (95% CI: -0.19 to -0.02) per year respectively in visual memory compared to those sufficient (p?=?0.02). In the LASA, moderate and severe deficiency in serum 25(OH)D was associated with a mean change of 0.01 SD (95% CI: -0.01 to 0.02) and -0.01 SD (95% CI: -0.04 to 0.02) per year respectively in verbal memory compared to sufficiency (p?=?0.34). CONCLUSIONS:Our findings suggest an association between severe vitamin D deficiency and visual memory decline but no association with verbal memory decline. They warrant further investigation in prospective studies assessing different memory subtypes.

SUBMITTER: Kuzma E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5525144 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Vitamin D and Memory Decline: Two Population-Based Prospective Studies.

Kuźma Elżbieta E Soni Maya M Littlejohns Thomas J TJ Ranson Janice M JM van Schoor Natasja M NM Deeg Dorly J H DJ Comijs Hannie H Chaves Paulo H M PH Kestenbaum Bryan R BR Kuller Lewis H LH Lopez Oscar L OL Becker James T JT Langa Kenneth M KM Henley William E WE Lang Iain A IA Ukoumunne Obioha C OC Llewellyn David J DJ

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 20160101 4

<h4>Background</h4>Vitamin D deficiency has been linked with dementia risk, cognitive decline, and executive dysfunction. However, the association with memory remains largely unknown.<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate whether low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations are associated with memory decline.<h4>Methods</h4>We used data on 1,291 participants from the US Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and 915 participants from the Dutch Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) who were de ...[more]

PMID: 26836174

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Project description:ObjectiveTo identify an optimal lifestyle profile to protect against memory loss in older individuals.DesignPopulation based, prospective cohort study.SettingParticipants from areas representative of the north, south, and west of China.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 60 years or older who had normal cognition and underwent apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping at baseline in 2009.Main outcome measuresParticipants were followed up until death, discontinuation, or 26 December 2019. Six healthy lifestyle factors were assessed: a healthy diet (adherence to the recommended intake of at least 7 of 12 eligible food items), regular physical exercise (≥150 min of moderate intensity or ≥75 min of vigorous intensity, per week), active social contact (≥twice per week), active cognitive activity (≥twice per week), never or previously smoked, and never drinking alcohol. Participants were categorised into the favourable group if they had four to six healthy lifestyle factors, into the average group for two to three factors, and into the unfavourable group for zero to one factor. Memory function was assessed using the World Health Organization/University of California-Los Angeles Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and global cognition was assessed via the Mini-Mental State Examination. Linear mixed models were used to explore the impact of lifestyle factors on memory in the study sample.Results29 072 participants were included (mean age of 72.23 years; 48.54% (n=14 113) were women; and 20.43% (n=5939) were APOE ε4 carriers). Over the 10 year follow-up period (2009-19), participants in the favourable group had slower memory decline than those in the unfavourable group (by 0.028 points/year, 95% confidence interval 0.023 to 0.032, P<0.001). APOE ε4 carriers with favourable (0.027, 95% confidence interval 0.023 to 0.031) and average (0.014, 0.010 to 0.019) lifestyles exhibited a slower memory decline than those with unfavourable lifestyles. Among people who were not carriers of APOE ε4, similar results were observed among participants in the favourable (0.029 points/year, 95% confidence interval 0.019 to 0.039) and average (0.019, 0.011 to 0.027) groups compared with those in the unfavourable group. APOE ε4 status and lifestyle profiles did not show a significant interaction effect on memory decline (P=0.52).ConclusionA healthy lifestyle is associated with slower memory decline, even in the presence of the APOE ε4 allele. This study might offer important information to protect older adults against memory decline.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03653156.

Project description:BackgroundLittle is known regarding the association of interviewer-reported cognitive problems (ICP) with age-related cognitive decline. We aimed to investigate the independent associations of ICP and the combined associations of ICP and self-reported cognitive problems (SCP) with subsequent cognitive decline and dementia in two prospective cohort studies.MethodsWe included 10,976 Chinese (age = 57.7 ± 8.7) and 40,499 European (age = 64.6 ± 9.4) adults without dementia from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Self-rated memory (5-point scale) and interviewer-rated frequencies of asking for clarification (6-point scale) were used to define SCP and ICP (dichotomized). Outcomes included objective cognitive test scores (z-score transformation) and incident dementia. Generalized estimating equation models were performed to evaluate mean differences in objective cognitive decline. Logistic and Cox regression models were used to estimate the relative risk of dementia. Results from two cohorts were pooled using the random-effects models.ResultsICP was associated with faster cognitive decline in CHARLS (βCHARLS = -0.025 [-0.044, -0.006] z-score/year). ICP and SCP were also independently associated with higher risk of dementia in two cohorts (pooled relative risk for SCP = 1.73 [1.30, 2.29]; pooled relative risk for ICP = 1.40 [1.10, 1.79]). In the joint analysis, participants with coexistence of SCP and ICP had the fastest cognitive decline (βCHARLS = -0.051 [-0.080, -0.021]; βSHARE = -0.024 [-0.043, -0.004]; pooled β = -0.035 [-0.061, -0.009] z-score/year) and highest risk of dementia (ORCHARLS = 1.77 [1.42, 2.20]; HRSHARE = 2.94 [2.42, 3.59]; pooled relative risk = 2.29 [1.38, 3.77]).ConclusionsThe study suggested that interviewer-reported cognitive problems may be early indicators of cognitive decline and dementia in middle-aged and older adults. A combination of self- and interviewer-reported cognitive problems showed the strongest associations with cognitive decline and dementia.

Dataset Information

Vitamin D and Memory Decline: Two Population-Based Prospective Studies.

Publications

Vitamin D and Memory Decline: Two Population-Based Prospective Studies.

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