Dataset Information

Anomalous network architecture of the resting brain in children who stutter.

ABSTRACT: PURPOSE:We combined a large longitudinal neuroimaging dataset that includes children who do and do not stutter and a whole-brain network analysis in order to examine the intra- and inter-network connectivity changes associated with stuttering. Additionally, we asked whether whole brain connectivity patterns observed at the initial year of scanning could predict persistent stuttering in later years. METHODS:A total of 224 high-quality resting state fMRI scans collected from 84 children (42 stuttering, 42 controls) were entered into an independent component analysis (ICA), yielding a number of distinct network connectivity maps ("components") as well as expression scores for each component that quantified the degree to which it is expressed for each child. These expression scores were compared between stuttering and control groups' first scans. In a second analysis, we examined whether the components that were most predictive of stuttering status also predicted persistence in stuttering. RESULTS:Stuttering status, as well as stuttering persistence, were associated with aberrant network connectivity involving the default mode network and its connectivity with attention, somatomotor, and frontoparietal networks. The results suggest developmental alterations in the balance of integration and segregation of large-scale neural networks that support proficient task performance including fluent speech motor control. CONCLUSIONS:This study supports the view that stuttering is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder and provides comprehensive brain network maps that substantiate past theories emphasizing the importance of considering situational, emotional, attentional and linguistic factors in explaining the basis for stuttering onset, persistence, and recovery.

SUBMITTER: Chang SE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5526749 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Anomalous network architecture of the resting brain in children who stutter.

Chang Soo-Eun SE Angstadt Michael M Chow Ho Ming HM Etchell Andrew C AC Garnett Emily O EO Choo Ai Leen AL Kessler Daniel D Welsh Robert C RC Sripada Chandra C

Journal of fluency disorders 20170125

<h4>Purpose</h4>We combined a large longitudinal neuroimaging dataset that includes children who do and do not stutter and a whole-brain network analysis in order to examine the intra- and inter-network connectivity changes associated with stuttering. Additionally, we asked whether whole brain connectivity patterns observed at the initial year of scanning could predict persistent stuttering in later years.<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 224 high-quality resting state fMRI scans collected from 84 chil ...[more]

PMID: 28214015

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Project description:The withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies is frequently considered for pediatric patients with severe acute brain injuries who are admitted to the intensive care unit. However, it is worth noting that some children with a resultant poor neurological status may ultimately survive and achieve a positive neurological outcome. Evidence suggests that adults with hidden consciousness may have a more favorable prognosis compared to those without it. Currently, no treatable network disorders have been identified in cases of severe acute brain injury, aside from seizures detectable through an electroencephalogram (EEG) and neurostimulation via amantadine. In this report, we present three cases in which multimodal brain network evaluation played a helpful role in patient care. This evaluation encompassed various assessments such as continuous video EEG, visual-evoked potentials, somatosensory-evoked potentials, auditory brainstem-evoked responses, resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), and passive-based and command-based task-based fMRI. It is worth noting that the latter three evaluations are unique as they have not yet been established as part of the standard care protocol for assessing acute brain injuries in children with suppressed consciousness. The first patient underwent serial fMRIs after experiencing a coma induced by trauma. Subsequently, the patient displayed improvement following the administration of antiseizure medication to address abnormal signals. In the second case, a multimodal brain network evaluation uncovered covert consciousness, a previously undetected condition in a pediatric patient with acute brain injury. In both patients, this discovery potentially influenced decisions concerning the withdrawal of life support. Finally, the third patient serves as a comparative control case, demonstrating the absence of detectable networks. Notably, this patient underwent the first fMRI prior to experiencing brain death as a pediatric patient. Consequently, this case series illustrates the clinical feasibility of employing multimodal brain network evaluation in pediatric patients. This approach holds potential for clinical interventions and may significantly enhance prognostic capabilities beyond what can be achieved through standard testing methods alone.

Dataset Information

Anomalous network architecture of the resting brain in children who stutter.

Publications

Anomalous network architecture of the resting brain in children who stutter.

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