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Nicotinamide mononucleotide and related metabolites induce disease resistance against fungal phytopathogens in Arabidopsis and barley.

ABSTRACT: Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), is known to act as a functional molecule in animals, whereas its function in plants is largely unknown. In this study, we found that NMN accumulated in barley cultivars resistant to phytopathogenic fungal Fusarium species. Although NMN does not possess antifungal activity, pretreatment with NMN and related metabolites enhanced disease resistance to Fusarium graminearum in Arabidopsis leaves and flowers and in barley spikes. The NMN-induced Fusarium resistance was accompanied by activation of the salicylic acid-mediated signalling pathway and repression of the jasmonic acid/ethylene-dependent signalling pathways in Arabidopsis. Since NMN-induced disease resistance was also observed in the SA-deficient sid2 mutant, an SA-independent signalling pathway also regulated the enhanced resistance induced by NMN. Compared with NMN, NAD and NADP, nicotinamide pretreatment had minor effects on resistance to F. graminearum. Constitutive expression of the NMNAT gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for NAD biosynthesis, resulted in enhanced disease resistance in Arabidopsis. Thus, modifying the content of NAD-related metabolites can be used to optimize the defence signalling pathways activated in response to F. graminearum and facilitates the control of disease injury and mycotoxin accumulation in plants.

SUBMITTER: Miwa A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5526872 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Nicotinamide mononucleotide and related metabolites induce disease resistance against fungal phytopathogens in Arabidopsis and barley.

Miwa Akihiro A Sawada Yuji Y Tamaoki Daisuke D Yokota Hirai Masami M Kimura Makoto M Sato Kazuhiro K Nishiuchi Takumi T

Scientific reports 20170725 1

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), is known to act as a functional molecule in animals, whereas its function in plants is largely unknown. In this study, we found that NMN accumulated in barley cultivars resistant to phytopathogenic fungal Fusarium species. Although NMN does not possess antifungal activity, pretreatment with NMN and related metabolites enhanced disease resistance to Fusarium graminearum in Arabidopsis leaves and flowers and ...[more]

PMID: 28743869

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Project description:BACKGROUND:The use of chemical fungicides against fungal pathogens adversely affects soil and plant health thereby resulting in overall environmental hazards. Therefore, biological source for obtaining antifungal agents is considered as an environment-friendly alternative for controlling fungal pathogens. RESULTS:In this study, seven endophytic bacteria were isolated from sugarcane leaves and screened for its antifungal activity against 10 fungal isolates belonging to the genera Alternaria, Cochliobolus, Curvularia, Fusarium, Neodeightonia, Phomopsis and Saccharicola isolated from diseased leaves of sugarcane. Among the seven bacterial isolates, SCB-1 showed potent antagonistic activity against the tested fungi. Based on the phenotypic data, Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolate SCB-1 was identified as Bacillus subtilis. The bacterial isolate was screened negative for chitinase production; however, chloroform and methanol extracts of the bacterial culture caused significant inhibition in the growth of the fungal isolates on semisolid media. Volatile component assay showed highest inhibitory activity against Saccharicola bicolor (SC1.4). A PCR based study detected the presence of the genes involved in biosynthesis of surfactin, bacillaene, difficidin, macrolactins and fengycin. Mass spectrometric analysis of the bacterial extract detected the presence of antifungal lipopeptide surfactin, but other metabolites were not detected. The biocontrol activity of the bacterial isolate was established when bacterial pretreated mung bean seeds were able to resist Fusarium infection, however, the untreated seeds failed to germinate. CONCLUSION:The antifungal potential of isolate Bacillus subtilis SCB-1 was established against taxonomically diverse fungal pathogens including the genera Saccharicola, Cochliobolus, Alternaria and Fusarium. The potent antifungal compound surfactin as well as volatiles produced by the bacterial isolate could be responsible for its bio-control activity against fungal infections.

Dataset Information

Nicotinamide mononucleotide and related metabolites induce disease resistance against fungal phytopathogens in Arabidopsis and barley.

Publications

Nicotinamide mononucleotide and related metabolites induce disease resistance against fungal phytopathogens in Arabidopsis and barley.

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