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Indole carboxylic acid esters of melampomagnolide B are potent anticancer agents against both hematological and solid tumor cells.

ABSTRACT: A series of novel, heteroaryl carboxylic acid conjugates of the sesquiterpene melampomagnolide-B (MMB, 3) has been evaluated as antitumor agents against an NCI panel of 64 human hematopoetic and solid tumor cell lines. The indole-3-acrylic acid conjugate 7j and the indole-3-carboxylic acid conjugate 7k were found to be the most potent analogs in the series. Compounds 7j and 7k exhibited remarkable growth inhibition, with GI50 values in the range 0.03-0.30 ?M and 0.04-0.28 ?M, respectively, against the cell lines in the leukemia sub-panel, and GI50 values of 0.05-0.40 ?M and 0.04-0.61 ?M, respectively, against 90% of the solid tumor cell lines in the NCI panel. Compound 7a was particularly effective against the sub-panel of breast cancer cell lines with GI50 values in the range <0.01-0.30 ?M. Compounds 7j, 7a and its water soluble analog 7p also exhibited potent anticancer activity against rat 9L-SF gliosarcoma cells in culture. Compound 7j was the most potent compound in the series in the M9-ENL1 AML cell assay with a lethal dose concentration EC50 value of 720 nM, and exhibited the greatest cytotoxicity against a collection of primary AML stem cell specimens, which included a specimen that was unresponsive to PTL, affording EC50 values in the range 0.33-1.0 ?M in three out of four specimens. The results from this study provide further evidence that analogs of the sesquiterpene MMB can be designed to afford molecules with significantly improved anticancer activity. Thus, both 7j and 7k are considered potential lead molecules in the search for new anticancer agents that can be used as treatments for both hematopoetic and solid tumors.

SUBMITTER: Bommagani S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5531865 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Indole carboxylic acid esters of melampomagnolide B are potent anticancer agents against both hematological and solid tumor cells.

Bommagani Shobanbabu S Ponder Jessica J Penthala Narsimha R NR Janganati Venumadhav V Jordan Craig T CT Borrelli Michael J MJ Crooks Peter A PA

European journal of medicinal chemistry 20170511

A series of novel, heteroaryl carboxylic acid conjugates of the sesquiterpene melampomagnolide-B (MMB, 3) has been evaluated as antitumor agents against an NCI panel of 64 human hematopoetic and solid tumor cell lines. The indole-3-acrylic acid conjugate 7j and the indole-3-carboxylic acid conjugate 7k were found to be the most potent analogs in the series. Compounds 7j and 7k exhibited remarkable growth inhibition, with GI<sub>50</sub> values in the range 0.03-0.30 μM and 0.04-0.28 μM, respecti ...[more]

PMID: 28525840

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Project description:ObjectiveThere is an urgent need drugs against particularly difficult to treat solid tumors such as pancreatic, triple negative breast, lung, colon, metastatic prostate cancers and melanoma. Thus, the objective of this study was to synthesize compounds based computational modeling that indicated the pyrido[3,4-b]indole class bind to MDM2, a new cancer target for which there are still no drug on the market.MethodsCompounds were synthesized by established methods and tested for antiproliferative activity against a broad range of human cancer cell lines, comprising HCT116 colon, HPAC, MIA PaCa-2 and Panc-1 pancreatic, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 breast, A375 and WM164 melanoma, A549 lung, and LNCaP, DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer lines. Computational docking was also undertaken.ResultsThe novel pyrido[3,4-b]indoles synthesized exhibited a clear SAR with regards to antiproliferative activity, with potent broad-spectrum anticancer activity with IC50s down to 80, 130, 130 and 200 nM for breast, colon, melanoma and pancreatic cancer cells, respectively. 1-Naphthyl at C1 combined with methoxy at C6 provided the best antiproliferative activity. Thus, compound 11 (1-naphthyl-6-methoxy-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) showed the highest potency. A mechanistic feature of the compounds as a group is a strongly selective G2/M cell cycle phase arrest. Docking at on MDM2 suggested a hydrogen bond interaction between the 6-methoxy Tyr106, hydrophobic interaction with Val93, pi-pi stacking interactions with Tyr100 and His96 and hydrophobic interactions with Leu54 and Ile99. An N9-methyl group disrupted binding interactions, such as H-bond interactions involving the N9 hydrogen.ConclusionWe have identified a novel series of pyrido[3,4-b]indoles with potent broad spectrum anticancer activity towards the most aggressive and difficult to treat cancers including metastatic pancreatic cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, triple negative breast cancers, and BRAFV600E mutant melanoma, as well as metastatic colon and prostate cancers. There was also evidence of selectivity towards cancer cells relative to normal cells. These compounds will serve as new leads from which novel therapeutics and molecular tools can be developed for a wide variety of cancers.

Project description:Cancer is a multifactorial disease necessitating identification of novel targets for its treatment. Inhibition of Bcl-2 for triggered pro-apoptotic signaling is considered a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Within the current work, we aimed to design and synthesize a new series of benzimidazole- and indole-based derivatives as inhibitors of Bcl-2 protein. The market pan-Bcl-2 inhibitor, obatoclax, was the lead framework compound for adopted structural modifications. The obatoclax's pyrrolylmethine linker was replaced with straight alkylamine or carboxyhydrazine methylene linkers providing the new compounds. This strategy permitted improved structural flexibility of synthesized compounds adopting favored maneuvers for better fitting at the Bcl-2 major hydrophobic pocket. Anti-cancer activity of the synthesized compounds was further investigated through MTT-cytotoxic assay, cell cycle analysis, RT-PCR, ELISA and DNA fragmentation. Cytotoxic results showed compounds 8a, 8b and 8c with promising cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231/breast cancer cells (IC50 = 12.69 ± 0.84 to 12.83 ± 3.50 µM), while 8a and 8c depicted noticeable activities against A549/lung adenocarcinoma cells (IC50 = 23.05 ± 1.45 and 11.63 ± 2.57 µM, respectively). The signaling Bcl-2 inhibition pathway was confirmed by molecular docking where significant docking energies and interactions with key Bcl-2 pocket residues were depicted. Moreover, the top active compound, 8b, showed significant upregulated expression levels of pro-apoptotic/anti-apoptotic of genes; Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, -8, and -9 through RT-PCR assay. Improving the compound's pharmaceutical profile was undertaken by introducing 8b within drug-solid/lipid nanoparticle formulation prepared by hot melting homogenization technique and evaluated for encapsulation efficiency, particle size, and zeta potential. Significant improvement was seen at the compound's cytotoxic activity. In conclusion, 8b is introduced as a promising anti-cancer lead candidate that worth future fine-tuned lead optimization and development studies while exploring its potentiality through in-vivo preclinical investigation.

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Indole carboxylic acid esters of melampomagnolide B are potent anticancer agents against both hematological and solid tumor cells.

Publications

Indole carboxylic acid esters of melampomagnolide B are potent anticancer agents against both hematological and solid tumor cells.

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