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Determinants of eating patterns and nutrient intake among adolescent athletes: a systematic review.


ABSTRACT:

Background

This review aims to update the influences of sport modalities, sport performance, and non-exercise-related determinant, on eating patterns and nutrient intake outcomes among adolescent competitive athletes.

Methods

The PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for the last 20 years. Observational and intervention studies of all languages on eating patterns and nutrient intake in adolescent (10- to 19-year-old) competitive athletes were included. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed using a Downs and Black instrument. Moreover, the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) evidence system was used to assess the strength of the body of evidence.

Results

Regarding outcomes of 21 included articles, 95.2% of studies focused on nutrient analysis, whereas few of the included articles reported eating patterns. As determinants, most studies analyzed the influences of sport-related (n = 10) and demographic factors (n = 8), among which only sport modalities were significantly associated with nutrient intake. Age and sex were not significantly associated with nutrient intake. All studies were observational, and most were cross-sectional (n = 17) and conducted in developed countries such as the United States and European nations. Most studies evaluated boys, and the sport that received the most attention was soccer.

Conclusions

Athletes do not adjust their nutrient intake or food choice to the demands of the training load or different training sessions, while sport modalities significantly influenced nutrient intake. Moreover, results concerning demographic determinants were inconsistent and thus remain inconclusive.

Trial registration

Prospero CRD42016043310 .

SUBMITTER: Noll M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5534032 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Determinants of eating patterns and nutrient intake among adolescent athletes: a systematic review.

Noll Matias M   de Mendonça Carolina Rodrigues CR   de Souza Rosa Lorena Pereira LP   Silveira Erika Aparecida EA  

Nutrition journal 20170728 1


<h4>Background</h4>This review aims to update the influences of sport modalities, sport performance, and non-exercise-related determinant, on eating patterns and nutrient intake outcomes among adolescent competitive athletes.<h4>Methods</h4>The PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for the last 20 years. Observational and intervention studies of all languages on eating patterns and nutrient intake in adolescent (10- to 19-year-old) competitive athletes were included. Study quality and risk o  ...[more]

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