Dataset Information

The Occurrence of Zearalenone in South Korean Feedstuffs between 2009 and 2016.

ABSTRACT: Mycotoxins produced by Fusarium plant pathogen species have harmful effects on humans and livestock by natural contamination in food and feed. Zearalenone, one of the well-known Fusarium mycotoxins, causes hyperestrogenism and toxicosis resulting in reproductive dysfunction in animals. This study investigated the occurrence of zearalenone in feedstuffs (compound feeds, feed ingredients) between 2009 and 2016 in South Korea to obtain information on zearalenone contamination in feeds for management. A total of 653 animal feed samples (494 compound feeds, 159 feed ingredients) produced domestically were sampled five times from 2009 to 2016 (2009, 2010, 2012, 2014, and 2016) from feed factories in South Korea. The levels of zearalenone were analyzed every year by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after pretreatment with an immunoaffinity column showing limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.1-3 ?g/kg and 0.3-8 ?g/kg, respectively. Four feed samples out of 494 compound feeds exceeded the EU and South Korea commission regulations over the eight-year test period, and no feed ingredients exceeded the guidelines.

SUBMITTER: Chang H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5535170 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Occurrence of Zearalenone in South Korean Feedstuffs between 2009 and 2016.

Chang Hansub H Kim Woori W Park Ju-Hee JH Kim Dongho D Kim Choong-Ryeol CR Chung Soohyun S Lee Chan C

Toxins 20170715 7

Mycotoxins produced by <i>Fusarium</i> plant pathogen species have harmful effects on humans and livestock by natural contamination in food and feed. Zearalenone, one of the well-known <i>Fusarium</i> mycotoxins, causes hyperestrogenism and toxicosis resulting in reproductive dysfunction in animals. This study investigated the occurrence of zearalenone in feedstuffs (compound feeds, feed ingredients) between 2009 and 2016 in South Korea to obtain information on zearalenone contamination in feeds ...[more]

PMID: 28714869

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Project description:Background:Hip fractures are a common condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. In this study, we assess (1) yearly incidences, (2) demographic factors, (3) postoperative outcomes, (4) primary diagnoses, and (5) primary procedures. Materials and Methods:The National Inpatient Sample was queried for patients admitted with hip fractures from 2009 to 2016 (n = 2 761 850). Variables analyzed were age, sex, race, obesity status, Charlson Comorbidity Index, smoking status, osteoporosis status, lengths of stay (LOS), discharge dispositions, charges, costs, mortalities, inpatient complications, primary and secondary diagnoses, and primary procedures. Results:From 2009 to 2016, the overall gross number of hip fractures decreased (P < .001). At the conclusion of the study, more patients were male, obese, and smokers, while fewer had a diagnosis of osteoporosis (P < .001 for all). Mean LOS significantly decreased (P < .001), while charges and costs increased (P < .001 for both). Both mortality and the overall complication rate decreased (P < .001 for both). Specifically, complications that decreased included myocardial infarctions, deep vein thromboses, pulmonary emboli, pneumoniae, hematomas/seromas, urinary tract infections, and transfusions (P < .001 for all). Complications that increased included cardiac arrests, respiratory failures, mechanical complications, and sepsis (P < .001 for all). The most common diagnosis was "closed fracture of intertrochanteric section of neck of femur." The procedure performed most often was "open reduction of fracture with internal fixation, femur." Conclusion:An increasing number of males and smokers have sustained hip fractures, although fewer patients with osteoporosis experienced these injuries. A decreasing overall complication rate may indicate improving perioperative courses for hip fracture patients. However, several shortcomings still exist and can be improved to further decrease negative outcomes.

Project description:ObjectivesDyslipidemia increases the risk of serious cardiovascular disease; and conventional cigarette smoking is widely recognized as a risk factor. Thus, as electronic cigarettes were introduced, many smokers utilized them for smoking cessation. However, due to the lack of researches scrutinized the relationship between dual smoking and dyslipidemia, a lot of those who failed in cessation end up utilizing both types of cigarettes (dual smoking). Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of dual smoking on dyslipidemia in South Korean adults.MethodsData were included from the 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2019 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 8,398 Korean men. The KNHANES is conducted by a national institution based on random cluster sampling, and therefore, the data gained from it is statistically reliable and representative in comparison to surveys performed by private institutions. Cigarette use status was the main independent variable. Cigarette use status was categorized as one of the four status: dual smoker, single smoker, non-smoker, and ex-smoker. The dependent variable, presence of dyslipidemia, was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program as displaying one or more of the following criteria: total cholesterol: ≥240 ㎎/dL, LDL cholesterol: ≥160 ㎎/dL, triglyceride: ≥200 ㎎/dL, or HDL cholesterol: ≤40 ㎎/dL. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine target association.ResultsCurrent and former users of either electronic or conventional cigarettes presented with a higher odd ratio of dyslipidemia compared to non-smokers. (ex-smoker: OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.41-1.83; single smoker: OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.06-1.38). More importantly, those who smoke both conventional and electronic cigarettes were also, at high risk of dyslipidemia (dual smoker: OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.26-2.20). Along with smoking status, those who did not exercise had a higher risk of dyslipidemia than those who exercised regularly and higher self-reported health status was also related to a lower risk of dyslipidemia.ConclusionThis study suggests that along with conventional cigarettes, dual smoking negatively impacts dyslipidemia, and smoking cessation of evert types is necessary for a healthy life.

Dataset Information

The Occurrence of Zearalenone in South Korean Feedstuffs between 2009 and 2016.

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The Occurrence of Zearalenone in South Korean Feedstuffs between 2009 and 2016.

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