Dataset Information

Presence of Anticardiolipin Antibodies in Patients with Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

ABSTRACT: Growing evidences are supporting towards the involvement of antiphospholipid antibodies [aPLs e.g., lupus anticoagulant (LA), anticardiolipin (aCL) and anti-?2-glycoprotein I (anti-?2-GPI) antibodies] in various neurological manifestations including migraine, epilepsy and dementia in the presence or absence of autoimmune diseases such as antiphospholipid syndrome or systemic lupus erythematosus. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the presence of aPLs in dementia patients without a diagnosis of any autoimmune disease. Electronic databases (e.g., PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar) were searched without any year or language restrictions and based on the inclusion criteria, nine prospective case-control studies assessing only aCL were included involving 372 dementia patients and 337 healthy controls. No studies were found to assess the presence of both LA or anti-?2-GPI. The study-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random-effects model. We observed the prevalence of aCL in dementia was higher (32.80%) than that of controls (9.50%) e.g., 3.45 times higher risk of presenting with dementia than the controls, and significant presence of aCL antibodies was detected in dementia patients compared to controls (OR: 4.94, 95% CI: 2.66 - 9.16, p < 0.00001; I2 = 32%, p = 0.16). Publication bias was not observed from Egger's (p = 0.081) and Begg's tests (p = 0.180). Based on the study quality assessment using modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for case-control studies, seven of nine studies were of high methodological quality scoring ? 7 (median value). In summary, aCL antibodies were significantly present in dementia patients suggesting that aCL antibodies are generated due to the autoimmune-derived effects of dementia or there might be a potential causative role of this autoantibody in dementia pathogenesis.

SUBMITTER: Islam MA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5539075 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Presence of Anticardiolipin Antibodies in Patients with Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Islam Md Asiful MA Alam Fahmida F Kamal Mohammad Amjad MA Gan Siew Hua SH Sasongko Teguh Haryo TH Wong Kah Keng KK

Frontiers in aging neuroscience 20170802

Growing evidences are supporting towards the involvement of antiphospholipid antibodies [aPLs e.g., lupus anticoagulant (LA), anticardiolipin (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein I (anti-β2-GPI) antibodies] in various neurological manifestations including migraine, epilepsy and dementia in the presence or absence of autoimmune diseases such as antiphospholipid syndrome or systemic lupus erythematosus. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the presence of aPLs in dementia pa ...[more]

PMID: 28824414

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Project description:BackgroundPneumonia is a serious disease associated with mortality among patients with dementia. However, the reported frequency of pneumonia as a cause of death in patients with dementia varies, the reason for which has not been fully elucidated.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search in PubMed and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (inception to December 2016). Two authors independently determined the suitability of studies and potential bias and extracted the data. The primary outcome was frequency of pneumonia-associated death in patients with dementia. Stratified subgroup analysis was conducted among studies grouped according to type of mortality cause (immediate or underlying), information source of mortality cause (autopsy or death certificate), and study setting (clinic, hospital, or nursing home).ResultsWe included 7 studies reporting the cause of death among patients with dementia and 12 studies comparing the cause of death among patients with and without dementia. The frequency of pneumonia-associated death among 19 eligible studies was 29.69% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25.86-33.53). Those frequencies differed according to whether the source for information about cause of death was an autopsy confirmation (49.98%; 95% CI, 43.75-56.71) or death certificate (19.65%; 95% CI, 15.48-23.83) and according to whether the type of mortality cause was an indirect cause of death (13.96%; 95% CI, 9.42-18.51) or direct cause of death (44.45%; 95% CI, 29.81-50.10). The risk of pneumonia-associated death in patients with dementia was twice as high as among those without dementia (odds ratio, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.63-2.83; p < 0.001).ConclusionThe various frequencies of pneumonia-associated death in patients with dementia were associated with the information source, type of mortality cause, and study setting. Patients with dementia in the terminal stages urgently require careful clinical management of pneumonia, to maximize patient life expectancy and quality.

Project description:To investigate which serologic and clinical findings predict adverse pregnancy outcome in patients with antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) and to test the hypothesis that a pattern of clinical and serologic variables can identify women at highest risk of adverse pregnancy outcome.Women enrolled in a multicenter prospective observational study of risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcome in patients with aPL (lupus anticoagulant [LAC], anticardiolipin antibody [aCL], and/or antibody to ?2-glycoprotein I [anti-?2 GPI]) and/or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were recruited for the present prospective study. Demographic, clinical, serologic, and treatment data were recorded at the time of the first study visit. The relationship between individual and combined variables and adverse pregnancy outcome was assessed by bivariate and multivariate analysis.Between 2003 and 2011 we enrolled 144 pregnant patients, of whom 28 had adverse pregnancy outcome. Thirty-nine percent of the patients with LAC had adverse pregnancy outcome, compared to 3% of those who did not have LAC (P<0.0001). Among women with IgG aCL at a level of ?40 units/ml, only 8% of those who were LAC negative had adverse pregnancy outcome, compared to 43% of those who were LAC positive (P=0.002). IgM aCL, IgG anti-?2 GPI, and IgM anti-?2 GPI did not predict adverse pregnancy outcome. In bivariate analysis, adverse pregnancy outcome occurred in 52% of patients with and 13% of patients without prior thrombosis (P=0.00005), and in 23% with SLE versus 17% without SLE (not significant); SLE was a predictor in multivariate analysis. Prior pregnancy loss did not predict adverse pregnancy outcome. Simultaneous positivity for aCL, anti-?2 GPI, and LAC did not predict adverse pregnancy outcome better than did positivity for LAC alone.LAC is the primary predictor of adverse pregnancy outcome after 12 weeks' gestation in aPL-associated pregnancies. Anticardiolipin antibody and anti-?2 GPI, if LAC is not also present, do not predict adverse pregnancy outcome.

Project description:Importance:Fear of dementia is pervasive in older people with cognitive concerns. Much research is devoted to finding prognostic markers for dementia risk. Studies suggest apathy in older people may be prodromal to dementia and could be a relevant, easily measurable predictor of increased dementia risk. However, evidence is fragmented and methods vary greatly between studies. Objective:To systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the evidence for an association between apathy in dementia-free older individuals and incident dementia. Data Sources:Two reviewers conducted a systematic search of Medline, Embase, and PsychINFO databases. Study Selection:Inclusion criteria were (1) prospective cohort studies, (2) in general populations or memory clinic patients without dementia, (3) with clear definitions of apathy and dementia, and (4) reporting on the association between apathy and incident dementia. Data Extraction and Synthesis:PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines were followed. Data were extracted by 1 reviewer and checked by a second. Main Outcomes and Measures:Main outcomes were pooled crude risk ratios, maximally adjusted reported hazard ratios (HR), and odds ratios (OR) using DerSimonian-Laird random effects models. Results:The mean age of the study populations ranged from 69.2 to 81.9 years (median, 71.6 years) and the percentage of women ranged from 35% to 70% (median, 53%). After screening 2031 titles and abstracts, 16 studies comprising 7365 participants were included. Apathy status was available for 7299 participants. Studies included populations with subjective cognitive concerns (n = 2), mild cognitive impairment (n = 11), cognitive impairment no dementia (n = 1), or mixed cognitive and no cognitive impairment (n = 2). Apathy was present in 1470 of 7299 participants (20.1%). Follow-up ranged from 1.2 to 5.4 years. In studies using validated apathy definitions (n = 12), the combined risk ratio of dementia for patients with apathy was 1.81 (95% CI, 1.32-2.50; I2 = 76%; n = 12), the hazard ratio was 2.39 (95% CI, 1.27-4.51; I2 = 90%; n = 7), and the odds ratio was 17.14 (95% CI, 1.91-154.0; I2 = 60%; n = 2). Subgroup analyses, meta-regression, and individual study results suggested the association between apathy and dementia weakened with increasing follow-up time, age, and cognitive impairment. Meta-regression adjusting for apathy definition and follow-up time explained 95% of heterogeneity in mild cognitive impairment. Conclusions and Relevance:Apathy was associated with an approximately 2-fold increased risk of dementia in memory clinic patients. Moderate publication bias may have inflated some of these estimates. Apathy deserves more attention as a relevant, cheap, noninvasive, and easily measureable marker of increased risk of incident dementia with high clinical relevance, particularly because these vulnerable patients may forgo health care.

Dataset Information

Presence of Anticardiolipin Antibodies in Patients with Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Publications

Presence of Anticardiolipin Antibodies in Patients with Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

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