Dataset Information

Altered leaf functional traits by nitrogen addition in a nutrient-poor pine plantation: A consequence of decreased phosphorus availability.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine how specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf dry matter content (LDMC) respond to N addition and understory vegetation removal in a 13-year-old Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica) plantation. Traits (SLA, LDMC, individual needle dry weight, N and P concentrations) of different-aged needles and their crown-average values were measured, and their relationships with soil N and P availability were examined. N addition and understory removal reduced soil Olsen-P by 15-91%. At the crown level, N addition significantly reduced foliar P concentration (by 19%) and SLA (by 8%), and elevated N concentration (by 31%), LDMC (by 10%) and individual leaf dry weight (by 14%); understory removal did not have a significant effect on all leaf traits. At the needle age level, traits of the previous year's needles responded more strongly to N addition and understory removal than the traits of current-year needles, particularly SLA and N concentration. SLA and LDMC correlated more closely with soil Olsen-P than with soil inorganic N, and LDMC correlated more closely with soil Olsen-P than SLA did. These results indicate that aggravated P limitation resulting from N addition and understory removal could constrain Mongolian pine growth through their effects on the leaf traits.

SUBMITTER: Zheng LL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5547060 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Altered leaf functional traits by nitrogen addition in a nutrient-poor pine plantation: A consequence of decreased phosphorus availability.

Zheng Lin-Lin LL Zhao Qiong Q Yu Zhan-Yuan ZY Zhao Shan-Yu SY Zeng De-Hui DH

Scientific reports 20170807 1

This study aimed to determine how specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf dry matter content (LDMC) respond to N addition and understory vegetation removal in a 13-year-old Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica) plantation. Traits (SLA, LDMC, individual needle dry weight, N and P concentrations) of different-aged needles and their crown-average values were measured, and their relationships with soil N and P availability were examined. N addition and understory removal reduced soil Olsen-P by ...[more]

PMID: 28785081

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Project description:The effects of increasing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deposition on the nutrient stoichiometry of soil and plant are gaining improving recognition. However, whether and how the responses of N cycle coupled with P of the soil-plant system to external N and P deposition in alpine grassland is still unclear. A short-term external N and P addition experiment was conducted in an alpine grazing grassland in the KunLun Mountain to explore the effects of short-term N and P addition on the nutrient stoichiometry in soil and plant. Different rates of N addition (ranging from 0.5 g N m-2 yr-1 to 24 g N m-2 yr-1) and P addition (ranging from 0.05 g N m-2 yr-1 to 3.2 g P m-2 yr-1) were supplied, and the soil available N, P, leaf N and P stoichiometry of Seriphidium rhodanthum which dominant in the alpine ecosystem were measured. Results showed that N addition increased soil inorganic N, leaf C, leaf N, and leaf N:P ratio but decreased soil available P and leaf C:P. Furthermore, P addition increased soil available P, leaf P, soil inorganic N, leaf N, and leaf C and reduced leaf C:N, C:P, and N:P ratios. Leaf N:P was positively related to N addition gradient. Leaf C:P and leaf N:P were significantly negatively related to P addition gradient. Although external N and P addition changed the value of leaf N:P, the ratio was always lower than 16 in all treatments. The influences of P addition on soil and plant mainly caused the increase in soil available P concentration. In addition, the N and P cycles in the soil-plant system were tightly coupled in P addition but decoupled in N addition condition. The nutrient stoichiometry of soil and leaf responded differently to continuous N and P addition gradients. These data suggested that the alpine grazing grassland was limited by P rather than N due to long-term N deposition and uniform fertilization. Moreover, increasing P addition alleviated P limitation. Therefore, the imbalanced N and P input could change the strategy of nutrient use of the grass and then change the rates of nutrient cycling in the alpine grassland ecosystem in the future.

Project description:Alkaline soil is widely distributed in China. Its rational utilization is an effective measure to solve land shortage and improve the environment. Alfalfa is characterized by strong salt and alkali tolerance and high yield and protein content. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are the main nutrients for plant growth, and N metabolism is one of the primary forms of plant metabolism, which plays a vital role in quality and yield formation. The exploration of the effect of N and P on N metabolism and alfalfa growth will provide a theoretical basis for scientific fertilization for alfalfa in the alkaline soil of the Yinchuan Plain of the Hetao Basin. Therefore, a 2-year experiment of N and P addition was conducted. Six treatments were set up with a randomized block design, including without N (WN), medium N (MN), high N (HN), without P (WP), medium P (MP), and high P (HP). It was found that the MN and MP treatments increased plant height, stem diameter, stem/leaf, dry/fresh, and dry matter of alfalfa. The HN and HP treatments inhibited alfalfa biomass formation. The MN and MP treatments increased key products and enzymes of leaf N metabolism of alfalfa and promoted activities of leaf nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT), glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamic-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), and inhibited activities of leaf protease of alfalfa. The MN and MP treatments increased contents of leaf N, P, ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3 --N), total chlorophyll, and protein and reduced leaf chlorophyll a/b and amino acid, results after HN and HP treatments were opposite. The correlation among leaf P, N, NO3 --N, amino acid, and protein reached significant levels (P < 0.01). It is suggested that MN and MP treatments can improve the yield and quality of alfalfa by increasing key products and enzymes of N metabolism and can be adopted to promote alfalfa production in the alkaline soil of the Yinchuan Plain of the Hetao Basin.

Project description:Nutrient addition to forest ecosystems significantly influences belowground microbial diversity, community structure, and ecosystem functioning. Nitrogen (N) addition in forests is common in China, especially in the southeast region. However, the influence of N addition on belowground soil microbial community diversity in subtropical forests remains unclear. In May 2018, we randomly selected 12 experimental plots in a Pinus taiwanensis forest within the Daiyun Mountain Nature Reserve, Fujian Province, China, and subjected them to N addition treatments for one year. We investigated the responses of the soil microbial communities and identified the major elements that influenced microbial community composition in the experimental plots. The present study included three N treatments, i.e., the control (CT), low N addition (LN, 40 kg N ha-1 yr-1), and high N addition (HN, 80 kg N ha-1 yr-1), and two depths, 0-10 cm (topsoil) and 10-20 cm (subsoil), which were all sampled in the growing season (May) of 2019. Soil microbial diversity and community composition in the topsoil and subsoil were investigated using high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rDNA genes and fungal internal transcribed spacer sequences. According to our results, 1) soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) significantly decreased after HN addition, and available nitrogen (AN) significantly declined after LN addition, 2) bacterial α-diversity in the subsoil significantly decreased with HN addition, which was affected significantly by the interaction between N addition and soil layer, and 3) soil DOC, rather than pH, was the dominant environmental factor influencing soil bacterial community composition, while AN and MBN were the best predictors of soil fungal community structure dynamics. Moreover, N addition influence both diversity and community composition of soil bacteria more than those of fungi in the subtropical forests. The results of the present study provide further evidence to support shifts in soil microbial community structure in acidic subtropical forests in response to increasing N deposition.

Dataset Information

Altered leaf functional traits by nitrogen addition in a nutrient-poor pine plantation: A consequence of decreased phosphorus availability.

Publications

Altered leaf functional traits by nitrogen addition in a nutrient-poor pine plantation: A consequence of decreased phosphorus availability.

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