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Oxidized LDL activated eosinophil polarize macrophage phenotype from M2 to M1 through activation of CD36 scavenger receptor.

ABSTRACT: Inflammation, particularly innate immunity, plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether atherogenic determinants such as oxidized LDL modulate the phenotype of eosinophils.Cultured eosinophils were treated with oxidized LDL and the expression of selective inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines was determined. In addition, the eosinophil receptor and signaling that mediate these events were identified.Treatment of cultured eosinophils with oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) specifically induced the expression of IFN? and IFN? without affecting expression of other proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF?, IL-1?, and IL-6. In macrophages, Ox-LDL downregulated expression of both IFN? and IFN?, suggesting that the effect of Ox-LDL on the expression of type I interferons is specific to eosinophils. Furthermore, we noted that eosinophils constitutively expressed IL-4 and IL-13, and Ox-LDL markedly downregulated their expression. Analysis of Ox-LDL signaling revealed that eosinophils constitutively expressed SRB2, CD36, and CD68 scavenger receptors, and Ox-LDL markedly induced the expression of CD36. Further analysis of CD36 signaling by siRNA and neutralizing antibodies showed that the induction of type I IFN by Ox-LDL is mediated by CD36 signaling whereas downregulation of IL-4 is independent of CD36 activation. We further showed that peritoneal macrophages treated with condition medium collected from Ox-LDL treated eosinophils markedly induced the expression of M1 markers such as iNOS, IL6, SOSC3 and TNF? whereas the condition medium from non-treated eosinophils significantly induced expression of M2 markers like ARG1 and CCL24.Our data suggest that an atherogenic condition could activate eosinophils and modulate the phenotype of macrophages (from M2 to M1 phenotype), in part, through the CD36 receptor signaling.

SUBMITTER: Qin M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5557672 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Oxidized LDL activated eosinophil polarize macrophage phenotype from M2 to M1 through activation of CD36 scavenger receptor.

Qin Minghui M Wang Lai L Li Fuqiang F Yang Mingjie M Song Lei L Tian Fang F Yukht Ada A Shah Prediman K PK Rothenberg Marc E ME Sharifi Behrooz G BG

Atherosclerosis 20170520

<h4>Background and aims</h4>Inflammation, particularly innate immunity, plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether atherogenic determinants such as oxidized LDL modulate the phenotype of eosinophils.<h4>Methods</h4>Cultured eosinophils were treated with oxidized LDL and the expression of selective inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines was determined. In addition, the eosinophil receptor and signaling that mediate these events were ...[more]

PMID: 28623741

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Project description:Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) are novel two-dimensional engineered nanomaterials consisting of planar stacks of graphene. Although human exposures are increasing, our knowledge is lacking regarding immune-specific responses to GNPs and mechanisms of interactions. Our current study utilizes a metabolite profiling approach to evaluate macrophage responses to GNPs. Furthermore, we assessed the role of the scavenger receptor CD36 in mediating these GNP-induced responses. GNPs were purchased with dimensions of 2 ?m × 2 ?m × 12 nm. Macrophages were exposed to GNPs at different concentrations of 0, 25, 50, or 100 ?g/ml for 1, 3, or 6 h. Following exposure, no cytotoxicity was observed, while GNPs readily associated with macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. After the 1h-pretreatment of either a CD36 competitive ligand sulfo-N-succinimidyl oleate (SSO) or a CD36 specific antibody, the cellular association of GNPs by macrophages was significantly reduced. GNP exposure was determined to alter mitochondrial membrane potential while the pretreatment with a CD36 antibody inhibited these changes. In a separate exposure, macrophages were exposed to GNPs at concentrations of 0, 50, or 100 ?g/mL for 1 or 3h or 100 ?M SSO (a CD36 specific ligand) for 1h and collected for metabolite profiling. Principal component analysis of identified compounds determined differential grouping based on exposure conditions. The number of compounds changed following exposure was determined to be both concentration- and time-dependent. Identified metabolites were determined to relate to several metabolism pathways such as glutathione metabolism, Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, Sphingolipid metabolism, Purine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and others. Lastly, a number of metabolites were found in common between cells exposed to the CD36 receptor ligand, SSO, and GNPs suggesting both CD36-dependent and independent responses to GNP exposure. Together our data demonstrates GNP-macrophage interactions, the role of CD36 in the cellular response, and metabolic pathways disrupted due to exposure.

Dataset Information

Oxidized LDL activated eosinophil polarize macrophage phenotype from M2 to M1 through activation of CD36 scavenger receptor.

Publications

Oxidized LDL activated eosinophil polarize macrophage phenotype from M2 to M1 through activation of CD36 scavenger receptor.

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