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Interaction between photosynthetic electron transport and chloroplast sinks triggers protection and signalling important for plant productivity.

ABSTRACT: The photosynthetic light reactions provide energy that is consumed and stored in electron sinks, the products of photosynthesis. A balance between light reactions and electron consumption in the chloroplast is vital for plants, and is protected by several photosynthetic regulation mechanisms. Photosystem I (PSI) is particularly susceptible to photoinhibition when these factors become unbalanced, which can occur in low temperatures or in high light. In this study we used the pgr5 Arabidopsis mutant that lacks ?pH-dependent regulation of photosynthetic electron transport as a model to study the consequences of PSI photoinhibition under high light. We found that PSI damage severely inhibits carbon fixation and starch accumulation, and attenuates enzymatic oxylipin synthesis and chloroplast regulation of nuclear gene expression after high light stress. This work shows that modifications to regulation of photosynthetic light reactions, which may be designed to improve yield in crop plants, can negatively impact metabolism and signalling, and thereby threaten plant growth and stress tolerance.This article is part of the themed issue 'Enhancing photosynthesis in crop plants: targets for improvement'.

SUBMITTER: Gollan PJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5566885 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Interaction between photosynthetic electron transport and chloroplast sinks triggers protection and signalling important for plant productivity.

Gollan Peter J PJ Lima-Melo Yugo Y Tiwari Arjun A Tikkanen Mikko M Aro Eva-Mari EM

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 20170901 1730

The photosynthetic light reactions provide energy that is consumed and stored in electron sinks, the products of photosynthesis. A balance between light reactions and electron consumption in the chloroplast is vital for plants, and is protected by several photosynthetic regulation mechanisms. Photosystem I (PSI) is particularly susceptible to photoinhibition when these factors become unbalanced, which can occur in low temperatures or in high light. In this study we used the <i>pgr5 Arabidopsis</ ...[more]

PMID: 28808104

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Project description:Combining information of plant physiological processes with climate control systems can improve control accuracy in controlled environments as greenhouses and plant factories. Through that, resource optimization can be achieved. To predict the plant physiological processes and implement them in control actions of interest, a reliable monitoring system and a capable control system are needed. In this paper, we focused on the option to use real-time crop monitoring for precision climate control in greenhouses. For that, we studied the processes and external factors influencing leaf net CO2 assimilation rate (AL , µmol CO2 m-2 s-1) as possible variables of a plant performance indicator. While measured greenhouse environmental variables such as light, temperature, or humidity showed a direct relation between AL and light-quantum yield of photosystem II (Φ2), we defined three objectives: (1) to explore the relationship between climate variables and AL , as well as Φ2; (2) create a simple and reliable method for real-time prediction of AL with continuously Φ2 measurements; and (3) calibrate parameters to predict chloroplast electron transport rate as input in AL modelling. Due to practical obstacles in measuring CO2 gas-exchange in commercial production, we explored a method to predict AL by measuring Φ2 of leaves in a commercial hydroponic greenhouse tomato crop ("Pureza"). We calculated AL with two different approaches based on either the negative exponential response model with simplified biochemical equations (marked as Model I) or the non-rectangular hyperbola full biochemical photosynthetic models (marked as Model II). Using Model I can only be used to predict AL with large uncertainty (R2 0.64; RMSE 2.21), while using Φ2 as input to Model II could be used to improve the prediction accuracy of AL (R2 0.71; RMSE 1.98). Our results suggests that (1) Φ2 light signals can be used to predict net photosynthesis rate with high accuracy; (2) a parameterized photosynthetic electron transport rate model is suitable predicting measured electron transport rate (J) and AL . The system can be used as decision support system (DSS) for plant and crop performance monitoring when leaf-dynamics are up-scaled to the plant or crop level.

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Interaction between photosynthetic electron transport and chloroplast sinks triggers protection and signalling important for plant productivity.

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Interaction between photosynthetic electron transport and chloroplast sinks triggers protection and signalling important for plant productivity.

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