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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus surface antigen and factors associated among pregnant women in Dawuro zone, SNNPR, Southwest Ethiopia: a cross sectional study.

ABSTRACT: Hepatitis B is the world's most common serious liver infection. Infection by hepatitis B virus during pregnancy has high rate of vertical transmission and adverse effect on both the mother and child. Data on seroprevalence and associated factors among pregnant women in Dawuro or surrounding was scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess prevalence of hepatitis B virus and factors associated among pregnant women in Dawuro Zone.Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st April to May 31, 2015 in Dawuro zone. Venous blood was collected, plasma was separated and hepatitis B virus surface antigen was screened using rapid test. Logistic regression was employed with 95% CI and p value of <0.05 was used as statistically significant.Data were collected on 289 women. The overall prevalence from this study was (p = 3.5%, 95% CI 1.4-5.6%) multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed multiple sexual partner (AOR = 6.923; 95% CI 1.685-28.441), and abortion history (AOR = 4.975; 95% CI 1.21-20.456), were significantly associated with hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) infection.This seroprevalence was categorized as intermediate endemicity according to WHO classification criteria. Health education on sexual transmission of hepatitis B virus and inclusion of screening hepatitis b virus as routine antenatal care service is recommended.

SUBMITTER: Chernet A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5567916 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus surface antigen and factors associated among pregnant women in Dawuro zone, SNNPR, Southwest Ethiopia: a cross sectional study.

Chernet Asrat A Yesuf Aman A Alagaw Amsalu A

BMC research notes 20170822 1

<h4>Background</h4>Hepatitis B is the world's most common serious liver infection. Infection by hepatitis B virus during pregnancy has high rate of vertical transmission and adverse effect on both the mother and child. Data on seroprevalence and associated factors among pregnant women in Dawuro or surrounding was scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess prevalence of hepatitis B virus and factors associated among pregnant women in Dawuro Zone.<h4>Methods</h4>Institution based cross ...[more]

PMID: 28830531

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Project description:ObjectivesThe study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of syphilis and associated factors among pregnant women with antenatal care follow-up.DesignA health facility-based, cross-sectional study.SettingThe study was conducted in 12 health facilities in Buno Bedele zone, southwest Ethiopia.ParticipantsRandomly selected 920 pregnant women who came to health facilities in the Buno Bedele zone for antenatal care services from May to August 2021 were included in the study. Women with previously diagnosed syphilis and those on treatment were excluded from the study.Outcome measuresBlood samples and data on sociodemographic and other risk factors for syphilis were collected. Sera were screened for syphilis using the one-step rapid syphilis diagnostic test kit, and positive tests were retested using the rapid plasma reagin test. Data were analysed using SPSS V.22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for maternal syphilis at a p value less than 0.05.ResultsThe prevalence of syphilis among pregnant women was found to be 1.4% (95% CI: 0.8% to 2.3%, p=0.002). Women with no formal education (adjusted OR (AOR)=3.6; 95% CI: 1.02 to 13.2, p=0.047), husbands with a history of substance use (AOR=3.3, 95% CI: 1.04 to 10.7, p=0.042), more than one antenatal care visit (AOR=3.5, 95% CI: 1.07 to 10.5, p=0.038), age at marriage under 18 years (AOR=4.3, 95% CI: 2.2 to 7.9, p=0.045) and a woman's poor knowledge of syphilis (AOR=3.3, 95% CI: 1.04 to 10.4, p=0.042) were significantly associated with syphilis.ConclusionThe prevalence of maternal syphilis in this study area was found to be comparable with the national prevalence. Women's educational status, husbands' history of substance use, antenatal care, age at marriage and knowledge about syphilis were the independent predictors of syphilis. Emphasis shall be given to screening all pregnant women, education of women, lifestyle factors and avoiding early marriage.

Project description:IntroductionA pregnancy that has been complicated with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection results in typical management problems for both the mother and the newborn. One of the universal efforts in tackling the impact of chronic HBV is the prevention of mother-to-child transmission during Antenatal care via prompt screening as the majority of chronic infections globally harbored during this period. Rewarding result have been achieved in reducing this problem at this period of life through maternal screening programs and universal vaccination of infants. This study was aimed at assessing the seroprevalence and associated risk factor of HBV among pregnant women attending Antenatal Care (ANC) in Dilla University Referral Hospital (DURH), Southern Ethiopia.MethodA facility- based cross- sectional study was conducted from December 01 to May 30, 2017 among pregnant women attending ANC. A total of 236 pregnant women were included in this study. All Pregnant women who were attending antenatal clinic and were volunteer during the study period were included, whereas those women who were unable to communicate due to any problem, and not volunteer to give informed consent were excluded. Volunteer participants were asked to complete a questionnaire and had offered to test for HBsAg infection. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between dependent and independent variables.ResultsFrom 215 pregnant women attending ANC, the prevalence of HBsAg by the rapid test was found to be 11 (5.1%). Among the study participants, 91.1% (215) were tested for HIV antibody during the ANC visit, with the positivity rate of 4.5%. The result showed 1.86% of the study participants who were tested for HIV were also positive for HBsAg. Among those factors affecting the transmission of HBV infection, multiple partners and HIV confection have significant association at P-value less than 0.05.ConclusionThe Seropositivity of Hepatitis B Virus among Pregnant Women was found to be significant and hence, routine screening of pregnant mother at Antenatal care for this virus, and subsequent management according to the guideline for both the mother and child is recommended.

Project description:The study was conducted in three agroecology of the Siltie Zone and assessed Breeding practice, Milking practice, and Goat Production Constraints in Siltie Zone SNNPR, Ethiopia. Multistage sampling techniques were followed during determining the study area where finally 384 respondents (128 from each agroecology) were selected to administer questionnaires. Primary data was collected through field observation, interviews, pretested questionnaires, and discussion with Focus Group Discussion. Collected data was organized into Microsoft Excel 2010 and analyzed using SPSS 21. The current study indicated respondents reared goats for multiple purposes, among which income generation (index = 0.38), followed by meat and breeding (index = 0.24) and milk (index = 0.19) ranked 1st, 2nd, and 3rd respectively. Phenotypically breeding bucks were selected primarily based on large body size, Body confirmation, and coat color whereas breeding does were selected based on Udder size, milk yield, litter size, and body confirmation. The current study shows that the Majority (59.90 %) of the bucks utilized for breeding purposes originated from respondents' flocks while government and neighbor-sourced contribute 22.40 % and 18.49 % respectively. Lowland goats were comparably potential milk yielders (0.655 ± 0.18) and larger in litter size (LS). As understood from this study, Feed shortage (index = 0.14), water shortage (index = 0.11), and land shortage (index = 0.10) were dry season and feed shortage (index = 0.26), land shortage (index = 0.19) and Productive Breeds (index = 0.07) were rainy season constraints distressing goat production in Siltie Zone. The current study points out that farmers should be aware of flock separation practice and its importance and supported by a Selection-based breeding program to handle only productive buck to improve goat productivity and reproductive performance. Furthermore facilitating access to improved forage, using hay and crop residue were options suggested to overcome feed shortage.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness interventions have a significant role in the reduction of maternal and neonatal mortality risk. Inadequacy of birth and emergency preparedness were depicted as one of the major reasons for high maternal deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. The main objective of this study was to assess birth preparedness, complication readiness and associated factors among pregnant women. METHODS:A community based comparative cross-sectional study design was conducted among 411 urban and 209 rural respondents who were selected using multi-stage stratified random sampling technique. Quantitative data were collected by interviewer administered questionnaire while qualitative data were collected from purposely selected 54 members of the community by using guiding checklist and analyzed by thematic areas. Birth preparedness and complication readiness was measured using five birth preparedness and complication readiness items then women who scored at least three were considered as well prepared. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine the association between independent variables and birth preparedness and complication readiness. The result were presented as Odds Ratio at 95% CI. P?<?0.05 ware used to dictate statistical significance. RESULTS:A total response rate of the study was 97.3%. The prevalence of birth preparedness and complication readiness was significantly higher among urban respondents (P?=?25.8%; p?<?0.05). Factors such as history of obstetric complication, knowledge of key danger signs, having favourable attitude towards birth preparedness and complication readiness, starting antenatal care visit within 3 months age of pregnancy, completing at least four antenatal care visits, urban residence, having occupation of government employee or merchant and being in the higher wealth quintile were variables positively associated with birth preparedness and complication readiness. CONCLUSIONS:Prevalence of birth preparedness and complication readiness was low in this study, though significantly higher in urban area. Three-fourth of women planned to attend 4+ antenatal care visits indicating opportunity to counsel them on birth preparedness and complication readiness which increases its prevalence. Health workers should counsel every woman on birth preparedness and complication readiness components during her first antenatal care visit and subsequent visits.

Project description:Timely entries to antenatal care have various benefits for pregnant women and birth outcomes. The aim of antenatal care is to assure that every pregnancy culminates in the delivery of a healthy baby without negative effects on the health of pregnant women through health promotion and disease prevention, early detection, and treatment of complications and existing diseases. Hence, this study assessed the late initiation of antenatal care and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at public health centers of Ilu Ababor Zone, southwest Ethiopia. An Institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 389 pregnant women who were attending antenatal care service at twelve randomly selected health centers. A systematic sampling technique was employed to recruit pregnant women. Pretested and structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Data were entered into Epidata and exported to SPSS for analysis. Those women who started antenatal care follow up after 12 weeks of gestational age were categorized as booked lately. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify an association between the independent predictors and the outcome variable. In this study, 277 (71.2%) of the participants were booked their first antenatal care visit lately. Having family size of ≥ 4 (AOR: 2.25; 95% CI: 1.07-4.74), maternal age ≥ 25 years (AOR: 2.30; 95%CI: 1.02-5.18) and perceived the right time of booking > 12 weeks of gestation (AOR: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.13-5.04) had higher odds of late antenatal care initiation. Similarly, not being a member of women's health developmental army (AOR: 2.35; 95%CI: 1.09-5.07) and ANC not attended previously (AOR: 3.32; 95% CI: 1.17-9.42) had also a more likelihood of booking antenatal care lately. In this study, the majority of women started antenatal care lately. Thus, the provision of health education on the importance of attending first antenatal care early is recommended.

Project description:BackgroundAll women require access to high-quality care during pregnancy, labor, and after childbirth. The occurrence of delay at any stage is one of the major causes of maternal mortality. There is, however, a scarcity of data on women's access to maternal health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the goal of this study was to assess the magnitude of delays in maternal health service utilization and its associated factors among pregnant women in the Ilubabor zone during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 402 pregnant women selected by systematic random sampling. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26. Descriptive and summary statistics were used to describe the study population. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with the outcome variables. Adjusted odds ratio with respective 95% CI was used to report significant covariates.ResultsA total of 402 pregnant women participated in this study. The median age of the respondents was 25 years (IQR = 8). On average, a woman stays 1.76 hours (SD = 1.2) to make a decision to seek care. The prevalence of first, second and third delay were 51%, 48%, and 33.3%, respectively. Being unmarried [AOR (95% CI)], [0.145 (0.046-0.452)], being unemployed [AOR (95% CI)], [4.824 (1.685-13.814)], age [AOR (95% CI)], [0.227 (0.089-0.0579)], fear of COVID-19 [AOR (95% CI)], [1.112 (1.036-1.193)], urban residence [AOR (95% CI)], [0.517 (0.295-0.909)], and lack of birth preparedness [AOR (95% CI)], [6.526 (1.954-21.789)] were significantly associated with first delay. Being unmarried [AOR (95% CI)], [5.984 (2.930-12.223)], being unemployed [AOR (95% CI)], [26.978 (3.477-209.308)], and age [AOR (95% CI)], [0.438 (0.226-0.848)] were significantly associated with second delay. Having lengthy admission [AOR (95% CI)], [7.5 (4.053-13.878)] and non-spontaneous vaginal delivery [AOR (95% CI)], [1.471 (1.018-1.999)] were significantly associated with third delay.ConclusionThis study identified a significant proportion of mothers experiencing delays, although there were no data to suggest exacerbated delays in utilizing maternal health services due to fear of the COVID-19 pandemic. The proportion of maternal delay varies with different factors. Improving the decision-making capacity of women is, therefore, essential.

Project description:BackgroundMajority of causes of maternal and newborn mortalities are preventable. However, poor access to and low utilization of health services remain major barriers to optimum health of the mothers and newborns. The objectives of this study were to assess maternal and newborn health services utilization and factors affecting mothers' health service utilization.MethodsA community based cross-sectional survey was carried out on randomly selected mothers who gave birth within a year preceding the survey. The survey was supplemented with key informant interviews of experts/health professionals. Multivariable logistic model was used to identify factors associated with service utilization. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were used to assess the strength of the associations at p-value ≤0.05. The qualitative data were summarized thematically.ResultsA total of 789 (99.1% response rate) mothers participated in the study. The proportion of the mothers who got at least one antennal care (ANC) visit, institutional delivery and postnatal care (PNC) were 93.3, 77.4 and 92.0%, respectively. Three-forth (74.2%) of the mothers started ANC lately and only 47.5% of them completed ANC4+ visits. Medium (4-6) family size (AOR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.1, 4.9), decision on ANC visits with husband (AOR: 30.9; 95% CI: 8.3, 115.4) or husband only (AOR: 15.3; 95%CI: 3.8, 62.3) and listening to radio (AOR: 2.5; 95%CI: 1.1, 5.6) were associated with ANC attendance. Mothers whose husbands read/write (AOR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1, 2.), attended formal education (AOR: 2.8; 95% CI: 1.1, 6.8), have positive attitudes (AOR: 10.2; 95% CI: 25.9), living in small (AOR: 3.0; 95% CI: 1.2, 7.6) and medium size family (AOR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.2, 4.1) were more likely to give birth in-health facilities. The proportion of PNC checkups among mothers who delivered in health facilities and at home were 92.0 and 32.5%, respectively. The key informants mentioned that home delivery, delayed arrival of the mothers, unsafe delivery settings, shortage of skilled personnel and supplies were major obstacles to maternal health services utilization.ConclusionsHealth information communication targeting husbands may improve maternal and newborn health services utilization. In service training of personnel and equipping health facilities with essential supplies can improve the provider side barriers.

Project description:BackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is highly endemic in most low income countries including Cambodia. This nationwide serosurvey was conducted to assess the impact of hepatitis B vaccination and to determine whether Cambodia met the WHO regional 2017 target of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroprevalence less than 1% in five-year-old children.MethodsA cross-sectional multi-stage cluster survey was conducted among children born during 2010-2012 and their mothers in Cambodia. HBsAg prevalence was estimated by rapid point-of-care testing, and demographic data, including vaccination history, was collected. Vaccine coverage in children and the prevalence of HBsAg among children and mothers was calculated taking into account the complex survey design. Factors associated with children's failure to receive timely (within 24 h) vaccination were analysed by multivariate logistic analysis.FindingsA total of 2,520 children 5-7 years old and 2,028 mothers were recruited. In total, 78.4% of children received hepatitis B vaccination birth-dose (HepB-BD); of these, 58.7% were administered ≤ 24 h. Birth at home or "other" location were independent risk factors for children's failure to receive timely HepB-BD. Overall HBsAg seroprevalence was 4.39% (95%CI: 3.53%-5.45%) among mothers and 0.56% (95%CI: 0.32%-0.98%) among children. The prevalence among children without hepatitis B vaccination was 4.62% (95%CI: 1.31%-14.97%). Among children with a HBsAg-positive mother, prevalence was 10.11% (95%CI: 5.41%-18.11%).InterpretationHaving achieved the 2017 target of less than 1% HBsAg prevalence among 5 years old children, Cambodia can now focus on eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HBV. Moreover, the high HBsAg prevalence among mothers suggests that routine screening with proper linkage to care and treatment is needed. Strengthening measures to improve vaccination coverage further and eliminate mother-to-child transmission by coordinated programming with other services offering additional HBV interventions will help move towards the global goal of hepatitis B elimination by 2030.FundingAs per sources of funding.

Project description:BackgroundHepatitis B virus infection is a major public health problem among pregnant women worldwide. Hepatitis B virus is highly infectious and is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality among pregnant women, and evidence is scarce on the pooled seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus in Ethiopia.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the pooled seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and factors associated with pregnant women in Ethiopia.DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis was employed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews.Data sourcesSearches were carried out in biomedical databases such as PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Hinari, and the Cochrane Library published in English until June 2023.MethodsObservational study designs were selected. Endnote citation manager was used to collect and organize the search outcomes and remove duplicate articles. The data were extracted using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and exported to STATA 16.0 software for the analysis.ResultsA total of 48 research articles were included in the final analysis. The pooled estimated sero prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 5.78% (95% confidence interval = 5.14, 6.43). History of abortion (odds ratio = 6.56, 95% confidence interval = 4.88, 8.90), history of blood transfusion (odds ratio = 5.74, 95% confidence interval = 4.04, 8.16), history of hospitalization (odds ratio = 5.40, 95% confidence interval = 3.68, 7.94), history of multiple sexual partner (odds ratio = 5.80, 95% confidence interval = 3.71, 9.05), history of surgical procedure (odds ratio = 7.39, 95% confidence interval = 4.16, 13.14), history of tattooing (odds ratio = 4.59, 95% confidence interval = 2.83, 7.43), and history of tooth extraction (odds ratio = 4.46, 95% confidence interval = 2.42, 8.22) were significantly associated with hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Ethiopia.ConclusionThe overall pooled prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Ethiopia is relatively high. Having a history of abortion, blood transfusion, hospitalization, multiple sexual partners, surgical procedures, tattooing, and tooth extraction were found to be risk factors for hepatitis B virus. Therefore, extensive screening programs for hepatitis B virus in all pregnant women in Ethiopia are needed to prevent further infection and decrease the vertical transmission caused by the disease.Registration numberPROSPERO CRD: 42023438522.

Dataset Information

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus surface antigen and factors associated among pregnant women in Dawuro zone, SNNPR, Southwest Ethiopia: a cross sectional study.

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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus surface antigen and factors associated among pregnant women in Dawuro zone, SNNPR, Southwest Ethiopia: a cross sectional study.

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