Cervical cancer is still missed, despite the availability of screening
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Tanne J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC557926 | biostudies-literature | 2005 May
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:While the elevated lifetime risk of breast and ovarian cancer is well recognised for patients with a BRCA mutation, the implementation of effective risk reduction strategies has been fraught with challenges. This report from an international database and published in the British Journal of Cancer reveals suboptimal rates of utilisation of surveillance/preventative measures globally.
| S-EPMC6738056 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This study investigates empirically how past screening behaviour, individual and household characteristics affect the current uptake of cervical cancer screening in UK. For the conceptual framework, we use a modified Grossman model which is extended for non-economic factors. A dynamic version of a random effects panel probit model with initial conditions is estimated on the balanced sub-sample of the data. The analysis sample is restricted to women of age 16 and older and grouped into different age categories with respect to the NHS Cervical Screening Programme (NHSCSP). As dataset a balanced panel data of 857 women with 11,998 observations from the British Household Panel Study (BHPS) for the period from 1992 to 2008 is used for the analysis. Results suggest show that previous screening uptake, age, partner status, employment status and a previous GP visit have a significant influence on the likelihood of the uptake of cervical cancer screening.
| S-EPMC3734438 | biostudies-other
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| S-EPMC10323559 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundWomen with a history of incarceration bear a disproportionate burden of cervical disease and have special characteristics that affect their intent and/or ability to adhere to cervical screening and follow-up recommendations. The goal of this study was to identify factors associated with cervical cancer screening and screening outcomes among incarcerated women.MethodsWe applied a framework of predisposing factors, enabling factors and population-specific characteristics that could impact screening behaviors and outcomes for this population. We used bivariate chi-square tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to analyze data previously collected from 290 incarcerated women.ResultsCervical cancer screening belief score, as a predisposing factor, was associated with women who had an up-to-date Pap test and who had a cervical cancer diagnosis ever in their life. Both a sexual history containing high-risk behaviors and a history of abuse, population-specific factors, were each associated with having had an abnormal pap; mental health, incarceration, and substance use histories were each associated with having a diagnosis of cervical cancer.ConclusionsThe significant differences in outcomes for these population-specific factors suggest the need for a health services approach that addresses the challenges to the cervical cancer preventive health needs of incarcerated women.Implications for practiceProviders working with vulnerable populations such as women who have been incarcerated should be aware that their risk histories have an influence on their follow-up behaviors. These women will need extra support for cervical cancer screening and follow-up care.
| S-EPMC6019745 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC3537778 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Approximately 660,000 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer annually. Current screening options such as cytology or human papillomavirus testing have limitations, creating a need to identify more effective ancillary biomarkers for triage. Here, we evaluated whether metabolomic analysis of cervical mucus metabolism could be used to identify biomarkers of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. The case-control group consisted of 181 CIN, 69 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients, and 48 healthy controls in the primary cohort. We undertook metabolomic analyses using ultra-HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to profile metabolite characteristics, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis identified biomarker candidates. Five metabolites conferred the highest discriminatory power for SCC: oxidized glutathione (GSSG) (area under the ROC curve, 0.924; 95% confidence interval, 0.877-0.971), malic acid (0.914, 0.859-0.968), kynurenine (0.884, 0.823-0.945), GSSG/glutathione (GSH) (0.936, 0.892-0.979), and kynurenine/tryptophan (0.909, 0.856-0.961). Malic acid was the best marker for detection of CIN2 or worse (0.858, 0.793-0.922) and was a clinically useful metabolite. We confirmed the reproducibility of the results by validation cohort. Additionally, metabolomic analyses revealed eight pathways strongly associated with cervical neoplasia. Of these, only the tricarboxylic acid cycle was strongly associated with all CINs and cancer, indicating active energy production. Aberrant arginine metabolism by decreasing arginine and increasing citrulline might reduce tumor immunity. Changes in cysteine-methionine and GSH pathways might drive the initiation and progression of cervical cancer. These results suggest that metabolic analysis can identify ancillary biomarkers and could improve our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cervical neoplasia.
| S-EPMC11531950 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6656358 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe attendance rate in Estonian cervical cancer screening programme is too low therefore the programme is hardly effective. A cross-sectional population based survey was performed to identify awareness of cervical cancer risk factors, reasons why women do not want to participate in cervical screening programme and wishes for better organisation of the programme.MethodAn anonymous questionnaire with a covering letter and a prepaid envelope was sent together with the screening invitation to 2942 randomly selected women. Results are based on the analysis of 1054 (36%) returned questionnaires.ResultsMain reasons for non-participation in the national screening programme were a recent visit to a gynaecologist (42.3%), fear to give a Pap-smear (14.3%), long appointment queues (12.9%) and unsuitable reception hours (11.8%). Fear to give a Pap-smear was higher among women aged 30 and 35 than 50 and 55 (RR 1.46; 95% CI: 0.82-2.59) and women with one or no deliveries (RR 1.56, 95% CI: 0.94-2.58). In general, awareness of cervical cancer risk factors is poor and it does not depend on socio-demographic factors. Awareness of screening was higher among Estonians than Russians (RR 1.64, 95% CI: 1.46-1.86). Most women prefer to receive information about screening from personally mailed invitation letters (74.8%).ConclusionsWomen need more information about cervical cancer risk factors and the screening programme. They prefer personally addressed information sharing. Minority groups should be addressed in their own language. A better collaboration with service providers and discouraging smears outside the programme are also required.
| S-EPMC3192747 | biostudies-literature
Project description:There is a paucity of data on trust of service users in cervical screening. A significant controversy in Ireland's national cervical cancer screening programme emerged in 2018. The Health Service Executive (HSE) confirmed that a clinical audit had revealed that more than 200 women who developed cancer had not been told of earlier misdiagnosed smear tests. During this high profile controversy we conducted qualitative interviews exploring factors that influence cervical screening participation. Women who had been invited for routine screening tests were recruited from the national screening register. Telephone interviews were conducted with 48 women aged 25-65 years; with a range of screening histories - 34 were adequately screened (attended all routine screening tests) and 14 were inadequately screened (attended some/no screening tests). Thematic analysis was conducted and all interviewees spontaneously raised the screening controversy revealing that the crisis had resulted in serious loss of trust, faith and confidence in the screening programme. Publicity surrounding the controversy had some beneficial effects, including increased awareness of the value of screening and beliefs that intense focus on the programme will improve the service long-term. Strategies which incorporate these findings could help rebuild trust in screening.
| S-EPMC8800010 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cervical cancer is a significant public health issue in Mexico and many developing countries. Early detection is crucial for combating this disease. The official screening test for cervical cancer is cytology, but this technique faces several barriers, including methodological, educational, and sociocultural challenges. Liquid-based cytology is an improved version of this test, however it does not address the aforementioned complications. Biomarkers for cervical precursor lesions and cervical cancer can improve timely detection of the disease. A previous study from our group identified four circulating human proteins as potential biomarkers for these conditions. For molecular screening, we selected GAPDH as the biomarker for cervical precursor lesions and HNRNPA1 as the biomarker for cervical cancer -chosen from the three previously identified options based on antibody availability- to be detected in sera. Participants underwent a comprehensive panel of tests, including liquid-based cytology, PCR detection of Human papillomavirus (HPV), colposcopy, and histopathology -when applicable-. The last two tests were used as references for determining sensitivity and specificity, with histopathology being the gold standard for cervical cancer diagnosis. All the participants successfully received colposcopies (n = 99) and only those women with visible or suspected cervical lesions/malignancies were biopsied (n = 62). A subset of randomly selected biopsies underwent p16INK4a immunohistochemistry (n = 36). This study compares the performance of liquid-based cytology with the molecular screening. With colposcopy as reference, liquid-based cytology showed 30% sensitivity and 96% specificity, while the molecular screening showed 90% sensitivity and 43% specificity. With histopathology as reference, liquid-based cytology showed 21% sensitivity and 93% specificity, while the molecular screening showed 85% sensitivity and 61% specificity. The molecular screening outperformed the liquid-based cytology in several areas, including detecting true-positive cases, reducing false-negative cases by 34.62%, application time, simplicity of result´s categories, and acceptance among participants. An ideal screening test requires high sensitivity, maintains moderate specificity, and minimizes false negatives. Our proposed screening test meets these criteria, making it an ideal complement -or alternative- for cervical cancer screening.
| S-EPMC11602649 | biostudies-literature