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Ultrathin Nafion-filled porous membrane for zinc/bromine redox flow batteries.

ABSTRACT: In this work, we present a 16??m-thick Nafion-filled porous membrane for Zn/Br redox flow batteries (ZBBs). By using molecular dynamics simulation and dynamic light scattering analysis, we rationally design Nafion solution for Nafion impregnation into a porous polypropylene (PP) separator. A void-free Nafion/PP membrane is successfully fabricated by using NMP as a solvent for the Nafion solution. The resulting membrane shows a smaller area specific resistance in comparison with 600??m-thick, commercial SF-600 porous membrane. Due to its dense morphology, Br₂ diffusivity of the Nafion/PP membrane is two orders of magnitude lower than that of SF-600, resulting in a comparable Br₂ crossover in spite of 37.5 times smaller membrane thickness. As a result, the ZBB based on the Nafion/PP membrane exhibits a higher energy efficiency, demonstrating that ion exchange membrane can outperform the conventional porous membrane by reducing the membrane thickness with inexpensive porous substrate.

SUBMITTER: Kim R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5585230 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ultrathin Nafion-filled porous membrane for zinc/bromine redox flow batteries.

Kim Riyul R Kim Hyun Gyu HG Doo Gisu G Choi Chanyong C Kim Soohyun S Lee Ju-Hyuk JH Heo Jiyun J Jung Ho-Young HY Kim Hee-Tak HT

Scientific reports 20170905 1

In this work, we present a 16 μm-thick Nafion-filled porous membrane for Zn/Br redox flow batteries (ZBBs). By using molecular dynamics simulation and dynamic light scattering analysis, we rationally design Nafion solution for Nafion impregnation into a porous polypropylene (PP) separator. A void-free Nafion/PP membrane is successfully fabricated by using NMP as a solvent for the Nafion solution. The resulting membrane shows a smaller area specific resistance in comparison with 600 μm-thick, com ...[more]

PMID: 28874731

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Project description:A core component of energy storage systems like vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB) is the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM). In this work, the frequently used perfluorosulfonic-acid (PFSA) membrane Nafion™ 117 and a novel poly (vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF)-based membrane are investigated. A well-known problem in VRFBs is the vanadium permeation through the membrane. The consequence of this so-called vanadium crossover is a severe loss of capacity. For a better understanding of vanadium transport in membranes, the uptake of vanadium ions from electrolytes containing Vdimer(IV-V) and for comparison also V(II), V(III), V(IV), and V(V) by both membranes was studied. UV/VIS spectroscopy, X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (TXRF), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (microXRF) were used to determine the vanadium concentrations and the species inside the membrane. The results strongly support that Vdimer(IV-V), a dimer formed from V(IV) and V(V), enters the nanoscopic water-body of Nafion™ 117 as such. This is interesting, because as of now, only the individual ions V(IV) and V(V) were considered to be transported through the membrane. Additionally, it was found that the Vdimer(IV-V) dimer partly dissociates to the individual ions in the novel PVDF-based membrane. The Vdimer(IV-V) dimer concentration in Nafion™ was determined and compared to those of the other species. After three days of equilibration time, the concentration of the dimer is the lowest compared to the monomeric vanadium species. The concentration of vanadium in terms of the relative uptake λ = n(V)/n(SO3) are as follows: V(II) [λ = 0.155] > V(III) [λ = 0.137] > V(IV) [λ = 0.124] > V(V) [λ = 0.053] > Vdimer(IV-V) [λ = 0.039]. The results show that the Vdimer(IV-V) dimer needs to be considered in addition to the other monomeric species to properly describe the transport of vanadium through Nafion™ in VRFBs.

Dataset Information

Ultrathin Nafion-filled porous membrane for zinc/bromine redox flow batteries.

Publications

Ultrathin Nafion-filled porous membrane for zinc/bromine redox flow batteries.

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