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T cells display mitochondria hyperpolarization in human type 1 diabetes.

ABSTRACT: T lymphocytes constitute a major effector cell population in autoimmune type 1 diabetes. Despite essential functions of mitochondria in regulating activation, proliferation, and apoptosis of T cells, little is known regarding T cell metabolism in the progression of human type 1 diabetes. In this study, we report, using two independent cohorts, that T cells from patients with type 1 diabetes exhibited mitochondrial inner-membrane hyperpolarization (MHP). Increased MHP was a general phenotype observed in T cell subsets irrespective of prior antigen exposure, and was not correlated with HbA1C levels, subject age, or duration of diabetes. Elevated T cell MHP was not detected in subjects with type 2 diabetes. T cell MHP was associated with increased activation-induced IFN? production, and activation-induced IFN? was linked to mitochondria-specific ROS production. T cells from subjects with type 1 diabetes also exhibited lower intracellular ATP levels. In conclusion, intrinsic mitochondrial dysfunction observed in type 1 diabetes alters mitochondrial ATP and IFN? production; the latter is correlated with ROS generation. These changes impact T cell bioenergetics and function.

SUBMITTER: Chen J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5589742 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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T cells display mitochondria hyperpolarization in human type 1 diabetes.

Chen Jing J Chernatynskaya Anna V AV Li Jian-Wei JW Kimbrell Matthew R MR Cassidy Richard J RJ Perry Daniel J DJ Muir Andrew B AB Atkinson Mark A MA Brusko Todd M TM Mathews Clayton E CE

Scientific reports 20170907 1

T lymphocytes constitute a major effector cell population in autoimmune type 1 diabetes. Despite essential functions of mitochondria in regulating activation, proliferation, and apoptosis of T cells, little is known regarding T cell metabolism in the progression of human type 1 diabetes. In this study, we report, using two independent cohorts, that T cells from patients with type 1 diabetes exhibited mitochondrial inner-membrane hyperpolarization (MHP). Increased MHP was a general phenotype obse ...[more]

PMID: 28883439

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T cells display mitochondria hyperpolarization in human type 1 diabetes.

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T cells display mitochondria hyperpolarization in human type 1 diabetes.

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