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Paternal and maternal preconception urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and child behavior.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Prenatal phthalate exposure has been associated with behavioral problems and lower performance on measures of cognitive ability in children. However, the potential effect of phthalate exposure during the sensitive preconception period is unknown. OBJECTIVES:To estimate the association of maternal and paternal preconception urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations with child behavior and evaluate potential modification by child sex. METHODS:We used data from 166 children (111 singletons, 26 pairs of twins, and 1 set of triplets) born to 134 mothers and 100 fathers participating in a prospective preconception cohort study of subfertile couples from the Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center. We estimated mean maternal and paternal preconception exposures by averaging individual phthalate metabolite concentrations in multiple urine samples collected before pregnancy. We assessed children's behavior at 2-9 years of age by parent report using the Behavior Assessment System for Children-2 (BASC-2). We estimated the covariate-adjusted association between individual phthalate metabolite concentrations and the sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (? DEHP) and behavior scores, and evaluated differences in associations by child sex using linear regression with Generalized Estimating Equations. Models were further adjusted for prenatal phthalate concentrations in sensitivity analyses. RESULTS:Each loge-unit increase in maternal and paternal preconception concentrations of ?DEHP was associated with a 2.0 (95% CI: - 3.2, - 0.7) and 1.8 (95% CI: - 3.1, - 0.4) point decrease in BASC-2 internalizing behavior scores among all children, respectively. We observed sex-specific associations for some phthalate biomarkers: among boys, maternal monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP) was positively associated with externalizing behaviors, and paternal MiBP and mono-n-butyl phthalate were positively associated with internalizing behaviors. CONCLUSIONS:In this cohort, paternal and maternal preconception concentrations of some phthalate biomarkers were associated with specific aspects of child behavior, even after adjustment for prenatal concentrations. While additional research is warranted to confirm these results, our findings suggest that the preconception period of exposure may be a critical window for offspring neurodevelopment.

SUBMITTER: Messerlian C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5599166 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Paternal and maternal preconception urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and child behavior.

Messerlian Carmen C Bellinger David D Mínguez-Alarcón Lidia L Romano Megan E ME Ford Jennifer B JB Williams Paige L PL Calafat Antonia M AM Hauser Russ R Braun Joseph M JM

Environmental research 20170721

<h4>Background</h4>Prenatal phthalate exposure has been associated with behavioral problems and lower performance on measures of cognitive ability in children. However, the potential effect of phthalate exposure during the sensitive preconception period is unknown.<h4>Objectives</h4>To estimate the association of maternal and paternal preconception urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations with child behavior and evaluate potential modification by child sex.<h4>Methods</h4>We used data from 16 ...[more]

PMID: 28738300

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Project description:BackgroundEpidemiologic studies on health effects of parental preconception exposures are limited despite emerging evidence from toxicological studies suggesting that such exposures, including to environmental chemicals, may affect offspring health.ObjectiveWe investigated whether maternal and paternal preconception and maternal pregnancy urinary phthalate metabolite and bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations were associated with child behavior.MethodsWe analyzed data from the Preconception Environmental exposure And Childhood health Effects (PEACE) Study, an ongoing prospective cohort study of children aged 6-11 years whose parent(s) previously enrolled in the prospective preconception Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) study. Using linear mixed models, we estimated covariate-adjusted associations of 11 urinary phthalate metabolite and BPA concentrations collected prior to conception and during pregnancy with Behavioral Assessment System for Children-3 (BASC-3) T-scores (higher scores indicate more problem behaviors).ResultsThis analysis included 134 mothers, 87 fathers and 157 children (24 sets of twins); parents were predominantly non-Hispanic white (mothers and fathers86%). Higher maternal preconception or pregnancy monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) concentrations were related to higher mean externalizing problems T-scores in their children (β = 1.3 per 1-loge unit increase; 95 % CI: -0.2, 2.4 and β = 2.1, 95 % CI: 0.7, 3.6, respectively). Higher maternal preconception monocarboxyoctyl phthalate (MCOP) was suggested to be related to lower mean externalizing problems T-scores (β = -0.9; 95 % CI: -1.8, 0.0). Higher paternal preconception MCOP was suggestively associated with lower internalizing problems (β = -0.9; 95 %CI:-1.9, 0.1) and lower Behavioral Symptoms Index (BSI) T-scores (β = -1.3; 95 % CI: -2.1, -0.4).ConclusionIn this cohort, higher maternal preconception and pregnancy MBzP were associated with worse parent-reported child behavior, while higher maternal and paternal preconception MCOP concentrations were related to lower BASC-3 scores.

Project description:INTRODUCTION:Phthalates are known reproductive toxicants that reduce placental and fetal weight in experimental animal studies. Although phthalate exposure has been associated with reduced birth weight in humans, there is limited epidemiologic evidence on whether the placenta is also affected. OBJECTIVE:To assess whether maternal and paternal preconception and prenatal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations are associated with placental weight, and the birth weight: placental weight (BW:PW) ratio among singletons conceived by subfertile couples. METHODS:The present analysis included 132 mothers and 68 fathers, and their corresponding 132 singletons recruited in an academic hospital fertility center in Boston, Massachusetts. Urinary concentrations of eleven phthalate metabolites were measured and averaged in multiple paternal (n?=?196) and maternal (n?=?596) preconception, and maternal prenatal (n?=?328) samples. Placental weight and birth weight (grams) were abstracted from delivery records, and the BW:PW was calculated. We estimated the association of natural log-phthalate metabolite concentrations across windows of exposure with placental weight and the BW:PW ratio using multivariable linear regression models, adjusting for a priori covariates. RESULTS:In adjusted models, each log-unit increase in paternal urinary concentrations of the sum of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (?DEHP) metabolites was associated with a 24?g (95% CI: -48, -1) decrease in placental weight. We also observed a significant negative association between maternal preconception monoethyl phthalate (MEP) metabolite concentrations and the BW:PW ratio (??=?-0.26; 95%CI: -0.49, -0.04). Additionally, each log-unit increase in prenatal MEP metabolite concentrations was associated with a 24?g (95% CI: -41, -7) decrease in placental weight. CONCLUSIONS:Our results suggest that certain paternal and maternal urinary phthalate metabolites may affect placental weight and the BW:PW ratio. However, given the small sample size within a subfertile cohort and the novelty of these findings, more studies are needed to confirm the present results.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Prenatal phthalate exposure has been inconsistently associated with fetal growth and infant birth weight. However, the effect of exposure during the paternal and maternal preconception period remains understudied. OBJECTIVES:To investigate associations of paternal and maternal preconception and maternal prenatal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations with birth weight. METHODS:The study comprised 364 singletons born to 364 mothers and 195 fathers (195 couples) from the EARTH Study, a prospective cohort of couples from Boston, MA. Births were categorized by mode of conception: in-vitro fertilization based (IVF) (n=208) or non-IVF based (n=156, intrauterine insemination or non-medically assisted/natural conception). We measured urinary concentrations of eleven phthalate metabolites in maternal (n=1425) and paternal (n=489) preconception and maternal prenatal (n=781) samples. Birth weight was abstracted from delivery records. Covariate-adjusted associations between loge-phthalate metabolite concentrations and birth weight were evaluated separately by mode of conception using multivariable linear regression. RESULTS:Each loge-unit increase in paternal urinary concentration of the sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (?DEHP) metabolites was associated with a 90 gram (95% CI: -165, -15) decrease in birth weight among IVF singletons, but not among non-IVF singletons (18g; 95% CI: -76, 113). Additional adjustment for maternal prenatal ?DEHP concentrations modestly strengthened findings among IVF singletons. While few associations were found with maternal preconception phthalate metabolites, we observed an inverse relationship between several maternal prenatal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and birth weight among IVF singletons in covariate-adjusted models. However, with further adjustment for specific paternal phthalate metabolite concentrations, these associations were attenuated and no longer significant. CONCLUSIONS:Paternal preconception urinary concentration of ?DEHP metabolites was associated with a decrease in birth weight among IVF-conceived singletons. These results, if replicated, highlight the importance of preconception health, especially among subfertile couples.

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Paternal and maternal preconception urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and child behavior.

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Paternal and maternal preconception urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and child behavior.

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