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DNA base modifications in honey bee and fruit fly genomes suggest an active demethylation machinery with species- and tissue-specific turnover rates.


ABSTRACT: Well-known epigenetic DNA modifications in mammals include the addition of a methyl group and a hydroxyl group to cytosine, resulting in 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) respectively. In contrast, the abundance and the functional implications of these modifications in invertebrate model organisms such as the honey bee (Apis mellifera) and the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) are not well understood. Here we show that both adult honey bees and fruit flies contain 5mC and also 5hmC. Using a highly sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) technique, we quantified 5mC and 5hmC in different tissues of adult honey bee worker castes and in adult fruit flies. A comparison of our data with reports from human and mouse shed light on notable differences in 5mC and 5hmC levels between tissues and species.

SUBMITTER: Rasmussen EMK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5600429 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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DNA base modifications in honey bee and fruit fly genomes suggest an active demethylation machinery with species- and tissue-specific turnover rates.

Rasmussen Erik M K EMK   Vågbø Cathrine B CB   Münch Daniel D   Krokan Hans E HE   Klungland Arne A   Amdam Gro V GV   Dahl John Arne JA  

Biochemistry and biophysics reports 20160222


Well-known epigenetic DNA modifications in mammals include the addition of a methyl group and a hydroxyl group to cytosine, resulting in 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) respectively. In contrast, the abundance and the functional implications of these modifications in invertebrate model organisms such as the honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) and the fruit fly (<i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>) are not well understood. Here we show that both adult honey bees and fruit flies  ...[more]

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