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Mulberry leaf alleviates streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by attenuating NEFA signaling and modulating intestinal microflora.

ABSTRACT: Improvement of hyperglycemia through dietotherapy/herbal remedy is an effective approach to treating diabetes. In this study, mulberry leaf, famous for silkworm's special food and therapeutic value without any side effects, alleviated diabetes by attenuating NEFA signaling and modulating intestinal microflora. Mulberry leaf treatment significantly reduce fasting blood-glucose and HbA1c, ameliorate the blood lipid profile and improve insulin resistance in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Mechanistically, we found that mulberry leaf inhibited NEFA signaling by reducing downstream signaling in the NEFA pathway, further verified by reduced PKC and improved cellular energy homeostasis based on restored expression of PGC-1α, AK2, OXPHOS and adiponectin. Mulberry leaf treatment also restored the phyla Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria and class Clostridia, which were associated with insulin resistance and diabetes. Our findings reveal that mulberry leaf is an edible with therapeutic potential for diabetes and may provide a novel dietotherapy/herbal remedy to the treatment of diabetes.

SUBMITTER: Sheng Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5608946 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Mulberry leaf polysaccharide improves cyclophosphamide-induced growth inhibition and intestinal damage in chicks by modulating intestinal flora, enhancing immune regulation and antioxidant capacity.

Project description:Polysaccharides are generally considered to have immune enhancing functions, and mulberry leaf polysaccharide is the main active substance in mulberry leaves, while there are few studies on whether mulberry leaf polysaccharide (MLP) has an effect on immunosuppression and intestinal damage caused by cyclophosphamide (CTX), we investigated whether MLP has an ameliorative effect on intestinal damage caused by CTX. A total of 210 1-day-old Mahuang cocks were selected for this experiment. Were equally divided into six groups and used to evaluate the immune effect of MLP. Our results showed that MLP significantly enhanced the growth performance of chicks and significantly elevated the secretion of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-10, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ), immunoglobulins and antioxidant enzymes in the serum of immunosuppressed chicks. It attenuated jejunal damage and elevated the expression of jejunal tight junction proteins Claudin1, Zo-1 and MUC2, which protected intestinal health. MLP activated TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway and enhanced the expression of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB, which served to protect the intestine. 16S rDNA gene high-throughput sequencing showed that MLP increased species richness, restored CTX-induced gut microbiome imbalance, and enhanced the abundance of probiotic bacteria in the gut. MLP improves cyclophosphamide-induced growth inhibition and intestinal damage in chicks by modulating intestinal flora and enhancing immune regulation and antioxidant capacity. In conclusion, this study provides a scientific basis for MLP as an immune enhancer to regulate chick intestinal flora and protect chick intestinal mucosal damage.

| S-EPMC10991686 | biostudies-literature

Treatment with hydrogen sulfide alleviates streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy in rats.

Project description:Background and purposeRetinopathy, as a common complication of diabetes, is a leading cause of reduced visual acuity and acquired blindness in the adult population. The aim of present study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of hydrogen sulfide on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic retinopathy in rats.Experimental approachRats were injected with a single i.p. injection of STZ (60 mg·kg?¹) to induce diabetic retinopathy. Two weeks later, the rats were treated with NaHS (i.p. injection of 0.1 mL·kg?¹·d?¹ of 0.28 mol·L?¹ NaHS, a donor of H?S) for 14 weeks.Key resultsTreatment with H?S had no significant effect on blood glucose in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Treatment with exogenous H?S enhanced H?S levels in both plasma and retinas of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Treatment with H?S in STZ-treated rats improved the retinal neuronal dysfunction marked by enhanced amplitudes of b-waves and oscillatory potentials and expression of synaptophysin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, alleviated retinal vascular abnormalities marked by reduced retinal vascular permeability and acellular capillary formation, decreased vitreous VEGF content, down-regulated expressions of HIF-1? and VEGFR2, and enhanced occludin expression, and attenuated retinal thickening and suppressed expression of extracellular matrix molecules including laminin ?1 and collagen IV?3 expression in retinas of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Treatment with H?S in retinas of STZ-induced diabetic rats abated oxidative stress, alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, suppressed NF-?B activation and attenuated inflammation.Conclusions and implicationsTreatment with H?S alleviates STZ-induced diabetic retinopathy in rats possibly through abating oxidative stress and suppressing inflammation.

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Effects of Paper Mulberry (<i>Broussonetia papyrifera</i>) Leaf Extract on Growth Performance and Fecal Microflora of Weaned Piglets.

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| S-EPMC9117059 | biostudies-literature

intestinal microflora

Project description:intestinal microflora in aged rats Raw sequence reads

| PRJNA789821 | ENA

Intestinal microflora

Project description:Intestinal microflora Metagenome

| PRJNA491784 | ENA

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| S-EPMC9312289 | biostudies-literature

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