Dataset Information

Baseline Antibody Titre against Salmonella enterica in Healthy Population of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to establish a baseline titre for the population of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. METHOD:Four hundred healthy blood donors, attending blood donation camps, were screened using a survey questionnaire. Widal tube agglutination test was performed on the diluted sera (with 0.9% normal saline) of blood donors, with final dilution ranging from 1?:?40 to 1?:?320. RESULTS:Out of 400 individuals providing samples, 78 (19.5%) individuals showed antibody titres ? 1?:?40 for at least one antigen and 322 (80.5%) showed no agglutination. The baseline antibody titres against O antigen and H antigen of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi were found to be 1?:?40 and 1?:?80, respectively. Similarly, the baseline antibody titres for the H antigen of Salmonella enterica serotypes Paratyphi A and Paratyphi B were found to be 1?:?40 and 1?:?80, respectively. CONCLUSION:Thus, it was noted that the diagnostically significant cutoff of antibody titre from acute phase sample was ? 1?:?80 for S. Typhi O antigen and titre of ? 1?:?160 for both S. Typhi H antigen and S. Paratyphi BH antigen. Antibody titre of ? 1?:?80 can be considered significant for S. Paratyphi AH antigen.

SUBMITTER: Patki R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5610875 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Baseline Antibody Titre against <i>Salmonella enterica</i> in Healthy Population of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Patki Rucha R Lilani Sunil S Lanjewar Dhaneshwar D

International journal of microbiology 20170831

<h4>Objective</h4>The aim of this study was to establish a baseline titre for the population of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.<h4>Method</h4>Four hundred healthy blood donors, attending blood donation camps, were screened using a survey questionnaire. Widal tube agglutination test was performed on the diluted sera (with 0.9% normal saline) of blood donors, with final dilution ranging from 1 : 40 to 1 : 320.<h4>Results</h4>Out of 400 individuals providing samples, 78 (19.5%) individuals showed antib ...[more]

PMID: 29081804

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Project description:UnlabelledNontyphoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS) infections are a major burden to global public health, as they lead to diseases ranging from gastroenteritis to systemic infections and there is currently no vaccine available. Here, we describe a highly effective component vaccine against S. enterica serovar Typhimurium in both gastroenteritis and systemic murine infection models. We devised an approach to generate supernatants of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, an organism that is highly abundant in virulence factors. Immunization of mice with this supernatant resulted in dramatic protection against a challenge with serovar Typhimurium, showing increased survival in the systemic model and decreased intestinal pathology in the gastrointestinal model. Protection correlated with specific IgA and IgG levels in the serum and specific secretory IgA levels in the feces of immunized mice. Initial characterization of the protective antigens in the bacterial culture supernatants revealed a subset of antigens that exhibited remarkable stability, a highly desirable characteristic of an effective vaccine to be used under suboptimal environmental conditions in developing countries. We were able to purify a subset of the peptides present in the supernatants and show their potential for immunization of mice against serovar Typhimurium resulting in a decreased level of colonization. This component vaccine shows promise with regard to protecting against NTS, and further work should significantly help to establish vaccines against these prevalent infections.ImportanceSalmonella enterica infections other than typhoid and paratyphoid fever are a major global health burden, as they cause high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Strategies that prevent Salmonella-related diseases are greatly needed, and there is a significant push for the development of vaccines against nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica serovars. In this work, we describe an S. Typhimurium supernatant-derived vaccine that is effective in reducing bacterial colonization in mouse models of gastroenteritis as well as invasive disease. This is a component vaccine that shows high stability to heat, a feature that is important for use under suboptimal conditions, such as those found in sub-Saharan Africa.

Project description:ObjectivesDomestic violence against women harms individuals, families, communities and society. Perpetrated by intimate partners or other family members, its overlapping forms include physical, sexual and emotional violence, control and neglect. We aimed to describe the prevalence of these forms of violence and their perpetrators in informal settlements in Mumbai.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingTwo large urban informal settlement areas.Participants5122 women aged 18-49 years.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrevalence and perpetrators in the last year of physical, sexual and emotional domestic violence, coercive control and neglect. For each of these forms of violence, responses to questions about individual acts and composite estimates.ResultsIn the last year, 644 (13%) women had experienced physical domestic violence, 188 (4%) sexual violence and 963 (19%) emotional violence. Of ever-married women, 13% had experienced physical or sexual intimate partner violence in the last year. Most physical (87%) and sexual violence (99%) was done by partners, but emotional violence equally involved marital family members. All three forms of violence were more common if women were younger, in the lowest socioeconomic asset quintile or reported disability. 1816 women (35%) had experienced at least one instance of coercive control and 33% said that they were afraid of people in their home. 10% reported domestic neglect of their food, sleep, health or children's health.ConclusionsDomestic violence against women remains common in urban informal settlements. Physical and sexual violence were perpetrated mainly by intimate partners, but emotional violence was attributed equally to partners and marital family. More than one-third of women described controlling behaviours perpetrated by both intimate partners and marital family members. We emphasise the need to include the spectrum of perpetrators and forms of domestic violence-particularly emotional violence and coercive control-in data gathering.Trial registration numberISRCTN84502355; Pre-results.

Dataset Information

Baseline Antibody Titre against Salmonella enterica in Healthy Population of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Publications

Baseline Antibody Titre against <i>Salmonella enterica</i> in Healthy Population of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Similar Datasets

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