Dataset Information

Dairy Product Consumption Interacts with Glucokinase (GCK) Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Insulin Resistance.

ABSTRACT: Dairy product intake and a person's genetic background have been reported to be associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The objective of this study was to examine the interaction between dairy products and genes related to T2D on glucose-insulin homeostasis parameters. A validated food frequency questionnaire, fasting blood samples, and glucokinase (GCK) genotypes were analyzed in 210 healthy participants. An interaction between rs1799884 in GCK and dairy intake on the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance was identified. Secondly, human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) were grown in a high-glucose medium and incubated with either 1-dairy proteins: whey, caseins, and a mixture of whey and casein; and 2-four amino acids (AA) or mixtures of AA. The expression of GCK-related genes insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and fatty acid synthase (FASN) was increased with whey protein isolate or hydrolysate. Individually, leucine increased IRS-1 expression, whereas isoleucine and valine decreased FASN expression. A branched-chain AA mixture decreased IRS-1 and FASN expression. In conclusion, carriers of the A allele for rs1799884 in the GCK gene may benefit from a higher intake of dairy products to maintain optimal insulin sensitivity. Moreover, the results show that whey proteins affect the expression of genes related to glucose metabolism.

SUBMITTER: Da Silva MS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5618154 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dairy Product Consumption Interacts with Glucokinase (GCK) Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Insulin Resistance.

Da Silva Marine S MS Chartrand Dominic D Vohl Marie-Claude MC Barbier Olivier O Rudkowska Iwona I

Journal of personalized medicine 20170830 3

Dairy product intake and a person's genetic background have been reported to be associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The objective of this study was to examine the interaction between dairy products and genes related to T2D on glucose-insulin homeostasis parameters. A validated food frequency questionnaire, fasting blood samples, and glucokinase (<i>GCK</i>) genotypes were analyzed in 210 healthy participants. An interaction between rs1799884 in <i>GCK</i> and dairy intake on the h ...[more]

PMID: 28867816

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Project description:ObjectivesTo provide a comprehensive systematic overview of current evidence from pooled analyses/meta-analyses and systematic reviews (PMASRs) pertaining to dairy consumption and incident cancer and/or all-cause or cancer-specific mortality.DesignOverview of reviews.SettingCommunity setting.ParticipantsThe unit of analysis is PMASRs. A total of 42 PMASRs was included in this overview of reviews.Interventions/exposuresAny dairy product consumption (eg, milk, yogurt, etc).Primary and secondary outcomes measuresPrimary outcome measure is development of any type of cancer. Secondary outcome measures are all-cause mortality and cancer-specific mortality.ResultsFrom 9693 citations identified, we included 42 PMASRs (52 study reports) published between 1991 and 2017. Thirty-one (74%) of these was pooled analyses/meta analyses, and only 11 (26%) were systematic reviews and meta-analyses. There was a wide variability in the type of study designs included within the other PMASRs, thus contributing to variable and, in instances, divergent estimates of cancer risk for several cancer subtypes. For example, only one systematic review and meta-analysis exclusively included prospective study designs. Most PMASRs were of low to moderate quality based on the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) scores. The median AMSTAR score was 5 (IQR 2-7). Our overview identified conflicting evidence from PMASRs on association between dairy consumption and incident cancers or mortality. Heterogeneity in summary estimates reflected the inclusion of variable study designs and overall low methodological quality of individual PMASRs.ConclusionsThe association between dairy consumption and cancer risk has been explored in PMASRs with a variety of study designs and of low to moderate quality. To fully characterise valid associations between dairy consumption and risk of cancer and/or mortality rigorously conducted, PMASRs including only high-quality prospective study designs are required.Trial registration numberCRD42017078463.

Dataset Information

Dairy Product Consumption Interacts with Glucokinase (GCK) Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Insulin Resistance.

Publications

Dairy Product Consumption Interacts with Glucokinase (GCK) Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Insulin Resistance.

Similar Datasets

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