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Mode of conception does not appear to affect placental volume in the first trimester.

ABSTRACT: To study whether infertility treatments, including IVF and non-IVF fertility treatments, are associated with diseases of placental insufficiency in early gestation. First trimester placental volumes by ultrasound and chorionic villi weight during sampling (CVS) were performed to detect differences between pregnancies conceived spontaneously versus with fertility treatments.Retrospective cohort.Academic tertiary center.Women with singleton pregnancies undergoing CVS and first trimester ultrasound from April 2007 to November 2015.Estimated placental volume (EPV) was calculated from ultrasound images using a validated computation and CVS estimated tissue weight was performed using a validated visual analogue scale.Adjusted linear regression was used to compare EPV and CVS weight based on mode of conception.A total of 1,977 spontaneous and 334 conceived with fertility treatments (133 non-IVF and 201 IVF) pregnancies were included. Significant differences in maternal age, gravidity, hypertension, and smoking status were identified. EPV and CVS weight were correlated with maternal age, gestational age, and maternal hypertension. Adjusted linear regression showed no difference in EPV in pregnancies conceived with fertility treatments versus spontaneously. The CVS weight was significantly lower in the IVF conceptions in unadjusted univariate analyses. However, after adjusted regression, this was no longer significant.Mode of conception does not appear to affect first trimester placental size. As differences in maternal age, hypertension, and smoking status differ among the groups and are correlated to placental size, it may be the underlying patient population leading to abnormal placentation and insufficiency, not the fertility treatments used.

SUBMITTER: Churchill SJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5628758 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Mode of conception does not appear to affect placental volume in the first trimester.

Churchill Sara J SJ Wang Erica T ET Akhlaghpour Marcy M Goldstein Ellen H EH Eschevarria Dina D Greene Naomi N Macer Matthew M Zore Temeka T Williams John J Pisarska Margareta D MD

Fertility and sterility 20170510 6

<h4>Objective</h4>To study whether infertility treatments, including IVF and non-IVF fertility treatments, are associated with diseases of placental insufficiency in early gestation. First trimester placental volumes by ultrasound and chorionic villi weight during sampling (CVS) were performed to detect differences between pregnancies conceived spontaneously versus with fertility treatments.<h4>Design</h4>Retrospective cohort.<h4>Setting</h4>Academic tertiary center.<h4>Patient(s)</h4>Women with ...[more]

PMID: 28501362

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Project description:The brush-border glycoproteins of first-trimester human placentas were investigated by using two external labelling techniques: (1) sequential digestion with neuraminidase and galactose oxidase, followed by reduction with NaB3H4, which 3H-labels terminal galactose and galactosamine residues; and (2) sequential treatment with periodate and NaB3H4, which 3H-labels terminal sialic acid residues. The labelling procedures were performed on intact tissue so that the results would more closely approximate the topography of the brush border in vivo. The microvilli were isolated, subjected to sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, and the [3H]glycoproteins detected by fluorography. Densitometer scans of the fluorograms of the [3H]galactoproteins showed that, under reducing conditions, 90% of the protein-associated radioactivity was incorporated into two glycoproteins. The major [3H]galactoprotein of early placental microvilli had an estimated molecular mass of 92 kDa (desialylated) and migrated as a diffuse band. A minor 180 kDa glycoprotein was less consistently labelled. No change in the apparent molecular mass of either component was detected in the absence of beta-mercaptoethanol, suggesting that the 180 kDa component was not a dimer of the 92 kDa glycoprotein. The remaining 10% the radioactivity was equally distributed among several minor membrane components. Densitometer scans of the fluorograms of the [3H]sialoproteins showed that, under either reducing or non-reducing conditions, 90% of the 3H was preferentially incorporated into the 92-110 kDa region of the gel. Although no distinct bands were visible, the higher-molecular-mass region of this area was always most heavily labelled. A minor 180 kDa glycoprotein was also 3H-labelled. The pattern of brushborder [3H]glycoproteins from first-trimester placentas differed markedly from that of term placental microvilli and from placental fibroblast plasma membranes that were 3H-labelled by identical external labelling techniques. These results indicate that: (1) the glycoprotein determinants of brush-border topography change during pregnancy; (2) within the placenta, the major 92 kDa (desialylated) determinant, which has not been previously described, is unique to the trophoblastic cells.

Project description:IntroductionSome types of antenatal maternal psychological distress may be associated with reduced fetal growth and birthweight. A stress-mediated reduction in placental blood flow has been suggested as a mechanism. Previous studies have examined this using ultrasound-derived arterial resistance measures in the uterine (UtA) and umbilical (UA) arteries, with mixed conclusions. However, a reduction in placental volume blood flow may occur before changes in arterial resistance measures are seen. Fetoplacental volume blood flow can be quantified non-invasively in the umbilical vein (UV). Our objective was to study whether specific types of maternal psychological distress affect the placental circulation, using volume blood flow quantification in addition to arterial resistance measures.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study of 104 non-smoking pregnant women (gestational age 30 weeks) with uncomplicated obstetric histories. Psychological distress was measured by General Health Questionnaire-28 (subscales anxiety and depression) and Impact of Event Scale-22 (subscales intrusion, avoidance and arousal). UtA and UA resistance measures and UV volume blood flow normalized for fetal abdominal circumference, were obtained by Doppler ultrasound.ResultsIES intrusion scores above the mean were associated with a reduction in normalized UV volume blood flow (corresponding to -0.61 SD; P?=?0.003). Adjusting for UA resistance increased the strength of this association (difference -0.66 SD; P<0.001). Other distress types were not associated with UV volume blood flow. Maternal distress was not associated with arterial resistance measures, despite adjustment for confounders.ConclusionsIntrusive thoughts and emotional distress regarding the fetus were associated with reduced fetoplacental volume blood flow in third trimester. Uterine and umbilical artery resistance measures were not associated with maternal distress. Our findings support a decrease in fetoplacental blood flow as a possible pathway between maternal distress and reduced fetal growth.

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Mode of conception does not appear to affect placental volume in the first trimester.

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Mode of conception does not appear to affect placental volume in the first trimester.

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