Dataset Information

High-Cost Dual Eligibles' Service Use Demonstrates The Need For Supportive And Palliative Models Of Care.

ABSTRACT: Health care spending is generally highest among people who need both complex medical care and long-term services and supports, such as adults dually eligible for Medicare and Medicaid. Understanding how different types of complex patients use services over time can inform policies that target this population. High combined Medicare and Medicaid spending are found in two distinct groups of high-cost dual eligibles: older beneficiaries who are nearing the end of life, and younger beneficiaries with sustained need for functional supports. However, both groups have high hospitalization costs. Among high-cost dual eligibles living in the community, those who are older spend less on home and community-based services than those who are younger. Greater use of such services might provide stable support in the last year or two of life, when illness and functional decline accelerate. Tailored approaches to each population's distinct needs could yield care of increased value to patients and their families, with the potential to lower costs if patients' needs can be met with fewer stays in short-term inpatient facilities.

SUBMITTER: Bynum JPW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5633373 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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High-Cost Dual Eligibles' Service Use Demonstrates The Need For Supportive And Palliative Models Of Care.

Bynum Julie P W JPW Austin Andrea A Carmichael Donald D Meara Ellen E

Health affairs (Project Hope) 20170701 7

Health care spending is generally highest among people who need both complex medical care and long-term services and supports, such as adults dually eligible for Medicare and Medicaid. Understanding how different types of complex patients use services over time can inform policies that target this population. High combined Medicare and Medicaid spending are found in two distinct groups of high-cost dual eligibles: older beneficiaries who are nearing the end of life, and younger beneficiaries wit ...[more]

PMID: 28679819

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Project description:BackgroundIn an effort to improve both quality of care and cost-effectiveness, various care-management programmes have been developed for high-need high-cost (HNHC) patients. Early identification of patients at risk of becoming HNHC (i.e. case finding) is crucial to a programme's success. We aim to systematically identify prediction models predicting future HNHC healthcare use in adults, to describe their predictive performance and to assess their applicability.MethodsOvid MEDLINE® All, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science and Google Scholar were systematically searched from inception through January 31, 2021. Risk of bias and methodological quality assessment was performed through the Prediction model Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST).ResultsOf 5890 studies, 60 studies met inclusion criteria. Within these studies, 313 unique models were presented using a median development cohort size of 20,248 patients (IQR 5601-174,242). Predictors were derived from a combination of data sources, most often claims data (n = 37; 62%) and patient survey data (n = 29; 48%). Most studies (n = 36; 60%) estimated patients' risk to become part of some top percentage of the cost distribution (top-1-20%) within a mean time horizon of 16 months (range 12-60). Five studies (8%) predicted HNHC persistence over multiple years. Model validation was performed in 45 studies (76%). Model performance in terms of both calibration and discrimination was reported in 14 studies (23%). Overall risk of bias was rated as 'high' in 40 studies (67%), mostly due to a 'high' risk of bias in the subdomain 'Analysis' (n = 37; 62%).DiscussionThis is the first systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42020164734) of non-proprietary prognostic models predicting HNHC healthcare use. Meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity. Most identified models estimated a patient's risk to incur high healthcare expenditure during the subsequent year. However, case-finding strategies for HNHC care-management programmes are best informed by a model predicting HNHC persistence. Therefore, future studies should not only focus on validating and extending existing models, but also concentrate on clinical usefulness.

Project description:ObjectiveTo estimate future palliative care need and complexity of need in Scotland, and to identify priorities for future service delivery.DesignWe estimated the prevalence of palliative care need by analysing the proportion of deaths from defined chronic progressive illnesses. We described linear projections up to 2040 using national death registry data and official mortality forecasts. An expert consultation and subsequent online consensus survey generated recommendations on meeting future palliative care need.SettingScotland, population of 5.4 million.ParticipantsAll decedents in Scotland over 11 years (2007 to 2017). The consultation had 34 participants; 24 completed the consensus survey.Primary and secondary outcomesEstimates of past and future palliative care need in Scotland from 2007 up to 2040. Multimorbidity was operationalised as two or more registered causes of death from different disease groups (cancer, organ failure, dementia, other). Consultation and survey data were analysed descriptively.ResultsWe project that by 2040, the number of people requiring palliative care will increase by at least 14%; and by 20% if we factor in multimorbidity. The number of people dying from multiple diseases associated with different disease groups is projected to increase from 27% of all deaths in 2017 to 43% by 2040. To address increased need and complexity, experts prioritised sustained investment in a national digital platform, roll-out of integrated electronic health and social care records; and approaches that remain person-centred.ConclusionsBy 2040 more people in Scotland are projected to die with palliative care needs, and the complexity of need will increase markedly. Service delivery models must adapt to serve growing demand and complexity associated with dying from multiple diseases from different disease groups. We need sustained investment in secure, accessible, integrated and person-centred health and social care digital systems, to improve care coordination and optimise palliative care for people across care settings.

Project description:BackgroundIntegrated youth services (IYS) are vital to addressing the needs of youth who use substances. Evidence on the characteristics of youths accessing these services and the types of services accessed have been limited. The objectives were to identify sociodemographic, self-reported health and mental health, patterns of service utilization (service type and frequency of visits) among youths with different levels of substance use service needs (low, moderate, and high), and to estimate the extent to which substance use service needs, self-reported health and mental health influenced the frequency of visits and types of service utilized.MethodsData were collected from youth (12-24 years) accessing IYS centres in Canada. Information on socio-demographic factors, substance use in the last month, self-rated health measures, number of service visits, and type of services utilized were included. Poisson regression was used to estimate the relationship between substance use needs and number of service visits and the different type of services utilized.ResultsOf 6181 youths, 48.0% were categorized as low substance use service needs, 30.6% had moderate needs and 21.4% had high needs, with higher proportion of men in the high needs group. Mental health and substance use (MHSU) services were utilized the most across all three groups, followed by counseling. The median number of visits was 4 for the low and moderate needs group and 5 in the high needs group. People with high service needs had 10% higher rate of service visits and utilized 10% more services than people with low service needs (service visits: RR = 1.1 (95%CI: 1.1-1.2); service type: RR = 1.1 (95%CI:1.0-1.1)). The rate of service visits increased by 30 to 50% and the number of services increased by 10-20% for people who rated their health good/fair/poor. Similarly, the rate of service visits increased by 40 to 60% and the number of services increased by 20% for people who rated their mental health good/fair/poor.Conclusions and impactsOur study highlighted that regardless of service needs, youth who use alcohol and drugs have complex intersecting needs that present once they access integrated youth services.

Dataset Information

High-Cost Dual Eligibles' Service Use Demonstrates The Need For Supportive And Palliative Models Of Care.

Publications

High-Cost Dual Eligibles' Service Use Demonstrates The Need For Supportive And Palliative Models Of Care.

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