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Identification and characterization of Vibrio vulnificus plpA encoding a phospholipase A2 essential for pathogenesis.


ABSTRACT: The marine bacterium Vibrio vulnificus causes food-borne diseases, which may lead to life-threatening septicemia in some individuals. Therefore, identifying virulence factors in V. vulnificus is of high priority. We performed a transcriptome analysis on V. vulnificus after infection of human intestinal HT29-methotrexate cells and found induction of plpA, encoding a putative phospholipase, VvPlpA. Bioinformatics, biochemical, and genetic analyses demonstrated that VvPlpA is a phospholipase A2 secreted in a type II secretion system-dependent manner. Compared with the wild type, the plpA mutant exhibited reduced mortality, systemic infection, and inflammation in mice as well as low cytotoxicity toward the human epithelial INT-407 cells. Moreover, plpA mutation attenuated the release of actin and cytosolic cyclophilin A from INT-407 cells, indicating that VvPlpA is a virulence factor essential for causing lysis and necrotic death of the epithelial cells. plpA transcription was growth phase-dependent, reaching maximum levels during the early stationary phase. Also, transcription factor HlyU and cAMP receptor protein (CRP) mediate additive activation and host-dependent induction of plpA Molecular biological analyses revealed that plpA expression is controlled via the promoter, P plpA , and that HlyU and CRP directly bind to P plpA upstream sequences. Taken together, this study demonstrated that VvPlpA is a type II secretion system-dependent secretory phospholipase A2 regulated by HlyU and CRP and is essential for the pathogenicity of V. vulnificus.

SUBMITTER: Jang KK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5641866 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification and characterization of <i>Vibrio vulnificus plpA</i> encoding a phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> essential for pathogenesis.

Jang Kyung Ku KK   Lee Zee-Won ZW   Kim Bityeoul B   Jung Young Hyun YH   Han Ho Jae HJ   Kim Myung Hee MH   Kim Byoung Sik BS   Choi Sang Ho SH  

The Journal of biological chemistry 20170830 41


The marine bacterium <i>Vibrio vulnificus</i> causes food-borne diseases, which may lead to life-threatening septicemia in some individuals. Therefore, identifying virulence factors in <i>V. vulnificus</i> is of high priority. We performed a transcriptome analysis on <i>V. vulnificus</i> after infection of human intestinal HT29-methotrexate cells and found induction of <i>plpA</i>, encoding a putative phospholipase, <i>Vv</i>PlpA. Bioinformatics, biochemical, and genetic analyses demonstrated th  ...[more]

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