Dataset Information

Bone Microarchitecture and Biomechanics of the Necrotic Femoral Head.

ABSTRACT: The mechanism behind osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the pathogenesis of ONFH from a biomechanical standpoint to provide a theoretical basis for improved treatments. We compared the bone structure of fractured femoral heads with that of necrotic femoral heads by Micro-CT scanning and histological evaluation. In addition, we compared the biomechanical properties of each zone in fractured femoral heads with those in necrotic femoral heads by using biomechanical tests. Compared with fractured femoral heads, bone microarchitecture and bone morphometry in necrotic zone and sclerotic zone of necrotic femoral heads have altered markedly. In addition, the biomechanical properties of the necrotic zone in femoral heads weaken markedly, while those of the sclerotic zone strengthen. We hypothesize that discordance between bone structure and function of the femoral head may be involved in the pathogenesis of ONFH and that more attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of such discordance.

SUBMITTER: Ma JX

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5645321 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Bone Microarchitecture and Biomechanics of the Necrotic Femoral Head.

Ma Jian-Xiong JX He Wei-Wei WW Zhao Jie J Kuang Ming-Jie MJ Bai Hao-Hao HH Sun Lei L Lu Bin B Tian Ai-Xian AX Wang Ying Y Dong Ben-Chao BC Wang Yan Y Ma Xin-Long XL

Scientific reports 20171017 1

The mechanism behind osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the pathogenesis of ONFH from a biomechanical standpoint to provide a theoretical basis for improved treatments. We compared the bone structure of fractured femoral heads with that of necrotic femoral heads by Micro-CT scanning and histological evaluation. In addition, we compared the biomechanical properties of each zone in fractured femoral heads with those in necrotic femoral he ...[more]

PMID: 29042586

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Project description:BackgroundGlucocorticoid usage and alcohol abuse are the most widely accepted risk factors for nontraumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH). Despite distinct etiologies between glucocorticoid-associated ONFH (GONFH) and alcohol-associated ONFH (AONFH), little is known about the differences of the microarchitectural and histomorphologic characteristics between these subtypes of ONFH.PurposesTo investigate bone microarchitecture, bone remodeling activity and histomorphology characteristics of different regions in femoral heads between GONFH and AONFH.MethodsFrom September 2015 to October 2020, 85 patients diagnosed with GONFH and AONFH were recruited. Femoral heads were obtained after total hip replacement. Femoral head specimens were obtained from 42 patients (50 hips) with GONFH and 43 patients (50 hips) with AONFH. Micro-CT was utilized to assess the microstructure of 9 regions of interest (ROIs) in the femoral head. Along the supero-inferior orientation, the femoral head was divided into necrotic region, reactive interface, and normal region; along the medio-lateral orientation, the femoral head was divided into medial region, central region and lateral region. Decalcified and undecalcified bone histology was subsequently performed to evaluate histopathological alterations and bone remodeling levels.ResultsIn the necrotic region, most of the microarchitectural parameters did not differ significantly between GONFH and AONFH, whereas both the reactive interface and normal region revealed a less sclerotic microarchitecture but a higher bone remodeling level in GONFH than AONFH. Despite similar necrotic pathological manifestations, subchondral trabecular microfracture in the necrotic region was more severe and vasculature of the reactive interface was more abundant in GONFH.ConclusionsGONFH and AONFH shared similar microarchitecture and histopathological features in the necrotic region, while GONFH exhibited a less sclerotic microarchitecture and a more active bone metabolic status in both the reactive interface and normal region. These differences between GONFH and AONFH in bone microarchitectural and histopathological characteristics might contribute to the development of disease-modifying prevention strategies and treatments for ONFH, taking into etiologies.

Project description:Ageing of the skeleton is characterised by decreased bone mineral density, reduced strength, and increased risk of fracture. Although it is known that these changes are determined by the activities of bone cells through the processes of bone modelling and remodelling, details of the molecular mechanisms that underlie age-related changes in bone are still missing. Here, we analysed age-related changes in bone microarchitecture along with global gene expression in samples obtained from patients with osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesised that changes would be evident in both microarchitecture and gene expression and aimed to identify novel molecular mechanisms that underlie ageing processes in bone. Samples of femoral head and neck were obtained from patients undergoing hip arthroplasty for OA, who were either ≤60 years or ≥70 years of age. Bone microarchitecture was analysed in cores of trabecular bone from the femoral head (17 from the younger group and 18 from the older), and cortical bone from the femoral neck (25 younger/22 older), using a Skyscan 1172 microCT scanner (Bruker). Gene expression was compared between the two age groups in 20 trabecular samples from each group, and 10 cortical samples from each group, using Clariom S Human microarrays (ThermoFisher Scientific). We found no significant changes between the two age groups in indices of trabecular or cortical bone microarchitecture. Gene expression analysis identified seven genes that had higher expression in the older group, including the transcription factor EGR1 and the glucose transporter SLC2A3 (GLUT3), and 21 differentially expressed genes in cortical bone samples (P<0.05, fold change>2). However, none of the comparisons of gene expression had false discovery rate-adjusted P<0.1. In contrast to our working hypothesis, we found only minor differences in gene expression and no differences in bone microarchitecture between the two age-groups. It is possible that pathological processes related to OA provide protection against age-related changes in bone. Our study suggests that in patients with OA, the bone properties measured here in femoral head and neck do not deteriorate significantly from the sixth to the eighth decade of life.

Dataset Information

Bone Microarchitecture and Biomechanics of the Necrotic Femoral Head.

Publications

Bone Microarchitecture and Biomechanics of the Necrotic Femoral Head.

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