Drought tolerance induced by sound in Arabidopsis plants.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Lopez-Ribera I
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5647969 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Drought is a major natural disaster that seriously affects agricultural production, especially for winter wheat in boreal China. As functional proteins, the functions and mechanisms of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in cytoplasm (GAPCs) have remained little investigated in wheat subjected to adverse environmental conditions. In this study, we cloned and characterized a GAPC isoform TaGAPC2 in wheat. Over-expression of TaGApC2-6D in Arabidopsis led to enhanced root length, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and elevated drought tolerance. In addition, the dual-luciferase assays showed that TaWRKY28/33/40/47 could positively regulate the expression of TaGApC2-6A and TaGApC2-6D. Further results of the yeast two-hybrid system and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay (BiFC) demonstrate that TaPLDδ, an enzyme producing phosphatidic acid (PA), could interact with TaGAPC2-6D in plants. These results demonstrate that TaGAPC2 regulated by TaWRKY28/33/40/47 plays a crucial role in drought tolerance, which may influence the drought stress conditions via interaction with TaPLDδ. In conclusion, our results establish a new positive regulation mechanism of TaGAPC2 that helps wheat fine-tune its drought response.
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Crop productivity is challenged by abiotic stresses, among which drought stress is the most common. NF-Y genes, especially NF-YA genes, regulate tolerance to abiotic stress. RESULTS:Soybean NF-Y gene GmNFYA5 was identified to have the highest transcript level among all 21 NF-YA genes in soybean (Glycine max L.) under drought stress. Drought-induced transcript of GmNFYA5 was suppressed by the ABA synthesis inhibitor naproxen (NAP). GmNFYA5 transcript was detected in various tissues at vegetative and reproductive growth stages with higher levels in roots and leaves than in other tissues, which was consist with the GmNFYA5 promoter: GUS fusion assay. Overexpression of GmNFYA5 in transgenic Arabidopsis plants caused enhanced drought tolerance in seedlings by decreasing stomatal aperture and water loss from leaves. Overexpression and suppression of GmNFYA5 in soybean resulted in increased and decreased drought tolerance, respectively, relative to plants with an empty vector (EV). Transcript levels of ABA-dependent genes (ABI2, ABI3, NCED3, LEA3, RD29A, P5CS1, GmWRKY46, GmNCED2 and GmbZIP1) and ABA-independent genes (DREB1A, DREB2A, DREB2B, GmDREB1, GmDREB2 and GmDREB3) in transgenic plants overexpressing GmNFYA5 were higher than those of wild-type plants under drought stress; suppression of GmNFYA5 transcript produced opposite results. GmNFYA5 probably regulated the transcript abundance of GmDREB2 and GmbZIP1 by binding to the promoters in vivo. CONCLUSIONS:Our results suggested that overexpression of GmNFYA5 improved drought tolerance in soybean via both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent pathways.
| S-EPMC7082914 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Dehydrins belong to a protein family whose expression may be induced or enhanced by developmental process and environmental stresses that lead to cell dehydration. A dehydrin gene named OesDHN was isolated and characterized from oleaster (Olea europaea L. subsp. europaea, var. sylvestris), the wild form of olive. To elucidate the contribution of OesDHN in the development of drought tolerance, its expression levels were investigated in oleaster plants during development and under drought stress condition. The involvement of OesDHN in plant stress response was also evaluated in Arabidopsis transgenic lines, engineered to overexpress this gene, and exposed to a controlled mild osmotic stress. OesDHN expression was found to be modulated during development and induced under mild drought stress in oleaster plants. In addition, the Arabidopsis transgenic plants showed a better tolerance to osmotic stress than wild-type plants. The results demonstrated that OesDHN expression is induced by drought stress and is able to confer osmotic stress tolerance. We suggest a role for OesDHN, as a putative functional marker of plant stress tolerance.
| S-EPMC4485055 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Dehydrins (DHNs) as a member of late-embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) proteins are involved in plant abiotic stress tolerance. Two dehydrins PpDHNA and PpDHNC were previously characterized from the moss Physcomitrella patens, which has been suggested to be an ideal model plant to study stress tolerance due to its adaptability to extreme environment. In this study, functions of these two genes were analyzed by heterologous expressions in Arabidopsis. Phenotype analysis revealed that overexpressing PpDHN dehydrin lines had stronger stress resistance than wild type and empty-vector control lines. These stress tolerance mainly due to the up-regulation of stress-related genes expression and mitigation to oxidative damage. The transgenic plants showed strong scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species(ROS), which was attributed to the enhancing of the content of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Further analysis showed that the contents of chlorophyll and proline tended to be the appropriate level (close to non-stress environment) and the malondialdehyde (MDA) were repressed in these transgenic plants after exposure to stress. All these results suggest the PpDHNA and PpDHNC played a crucial role in response to drought and salt stress.
| S-EPMC5526925 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Drought-induced 19 (Di19) proteins play important roles in abiotic stress responses. Thus far, there are no reports about Di19 family in woody plants. Here, eight Di19 genes were identified in poplar. We analyzed phylogenetic tree, conserved protein domain, and gene structure of Di19 gene members in seven species. The results showed the Di19 gene family was very conservative in both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous forms. On the basis of transcriptome data, the expression patterns of Di19s in poplar under abiotic stress and ABA treatment were further studied. Subsequently, homologous genes PtDi19-2 and PtDi19-7 with strong response to drought stress were identified. PtDi19-2 functions as a nuclear transcriptional activator with a transactivation domain at the C-terminus. PtDi19-7 is a nuclear and membrane localization protein. Additionally, PtDi19-2 and PtDi19-7 were able to interact with each other in yeast two-hybrid system. Overexpression of PtDi19-2 and PtDi19-7 in Arabidopsis was found. Phenotype identification and physiological parameter analysis showed that transgenic Arabidopsis increased ABA sensitivity and drought tolerance. PtDi19-7 was overexpressed in hybrid poplar 84K (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa). Under drought treatment, the phenotype and physiological parameters of transgenic poplar were consistent with those of transgenic Arabidopsis. In addition, exogenous ABA treatment induced lateral bud dormancy of transgenic poplar and stomatal closure of transgenic Arabidopsis. The expression of ABA/drought-related marker genes was upregulated under drought treatment. These results indicated that PtDi19-2 and PtDi19-7 might play a similar role in improving the drought tolerance of transgenic plants through ABA-dependent signaling pathways.
| S-EPMC8954995 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Drought stress is a major obstacle to agriculture. Although many studies have reported on plant drought tolerance achieved via genetic modification, application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to achieve tolerance has rarely been studied. In this study, the ability of three isolates, including Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 54, from 30 potential PGPR to induce drought tolerance in tomato plants was examined via greenhouse screening. The results indicated that B. amyloliquefaciens 54 significantly enhanced drought tolerance by increasing survival rate, relative water content and root vigor. Coordinated changes were also observed in cellular defense responses, including decreased concentration of malondialdehyde and elevated concentration of antioxidant enzyme activities. Moreover, expression levels of stress-responsive genes, such as lea, tdi65, and ltpg2, increased in B. amyloliquefaciens 54-treated plants. In addition, B. amyloliquefaciens 54 induced stomatal closure through an abscisic acid-regulated pathway. Furthermore, we constructed biofilm formation mutants and determined the role of biofilm formation in B. amyloliquefaciens 54-induced drought tolerance. The results showed that biofilm-forming ability was positively correlated with plant root colonization. Moreover, plants inoculated with hyper-robust biofilm (?abrB and ?ywcC) mutants were better able to resist drought stress, while defective biofilm (?epsA-O and ?tasA) mutants were more vulnerable to drought stress. Taken altogether, these results suggest that biofilm formation is crucial to B. amyloliquefaciens 54 root colonization and drought tolerance in tomato plants.
| S-EPMC6940783 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Although many long noncoding RNAs have been discovered in plants, little is known about their biological function and mode of action. Here we show that the drought-induced long intergenic noncoding RNA DANA1 interacts with the L1p/L10e family member protein DANA1 INTERACTING PROTEIN 1 (DIP1) in the cell nucleus of Arabidopsis, and both DANA1 and DIP1 promote plant drought resistance. DANA1 and DIP1 increase histone deacetylase HDA9 binding to the CYP707A1 and CYP707A2 loci. DIP1 further interacts with PWWP3, a member of the PEAT complex that associates with HDA9 and has histone deacetylase activity. Mutation of DANA1 enhances CYP707A1 and CYP707A2 acetylation and expression resulting in impaired drought tolerance, in agreement with dip1 and pwwp3 mutant phenotypes. Our results demonstrate that DANA1 is a positive regulator of drought response and that DANA1 works jointly with the novel chromatin-related factor DIP1 on epigenetic reprogramming of the plant transcriptome during the response to drought.
| S-SCDT-10_1038-S44319-023-00030-4 | biostudies-other
Project description:In plants, drought stress is a major growth limiting factor causing cell water loss through open stomata. In this study, guard cell-specific transcripts from drought-stressed Arabidopsis plants were analysed and a down-regulation of β-amylase 1 (BAM1) was found. In previous studies, BAM1 was shown to be involved in stomatal starch degradation under ambient conditions. Impaired starch breakdown of bam1 mutant plants was accompanied by decreased stomatal opening. Here, it is shown that drought tolerance of bam1 mutant plants is improved as compared with wild-type controls. Microarray analysis of stomata-specific transcripts from bam1 mutant plants revealed a significant down-regulation of genes encoding aquaporins, auxin- and ethylene-responsive factors, and cell-wall modifying enzymes. This expression pattern suggests that reduced water uptake and limited cell wall extension are associated with the closed state of stomata of bam1 mutant plants. Together these data suggest that regulation of stomata-specific starch turnover is important for adapting stomata opening to environmental needs and its breeding manipulation may result in drought tolerant crop plants.
| S-EPMC4566991 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Exposure of plants to different environmental insults instigates significant changes in the cellular redox tone driven in part by promoting the production of reactive nitrogen species. The key player, nitric oxide (NO) is a small gaseous diatomic molecule, well-known for its signaling role during stress. In this study, we focused on abscisic acid (ABA) metabolism-related genes that showed differential expression in response to the NO donor S-nitroso-L-cysteine (CySNO) by conducting RNA-seq-based transcriptomic analysis. RESULTS:CySNO-induced ABA-related genes were identified and further characterized. Gene ontology terms for biological processes showed most of the genes were associated with protein phosphorylation. Promoter analysis suggested that several cis-regulatory elements were activated under biotic and/or abiotic stress conditions. The ABA biosynthetic gene AtAO3 was selected for validation using functional genomics. The loss of function mutant atao3 was found to differentially regulate oxidative and nitrosative stress. Further investigations for determining the role of AtAO3 in plant defense suggested a negative regulation of plant basal defense and R-gene-mediated resistance. The atao3 plants showed resistance to virulent Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000 (Pst DC3000) with gradual increase in PR1 gene expression. Similarly, atao3 plants showed increased hypersensitive response (HR) when challenged with Pst DC3000 (avrB). The atgsnor1-3 and atsid2 mutants showed a susceptible phenotype with reduced PR1 transcript accumulation. Drought tolerance assay indicated that atao3 and atnced3 ABA-deficient mutants showed early wilting, followed by plant death. The study of stomatal structure showed that atao3 and atnced3 were unable to close stomata even at 7 days after drought stress. Further, they showed reduced ABA content and increased electrolyte leakage than the wild-type (WT) plants. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis suggested that ABA biosynthesis genes were down-regulated, whereas expression of most of the drought-related genes were up-regulated in atao3 than in WT. CONCLUSIONS:AtAO3 negatively regulates pathogen-induced salicylic acid pathway, although it is required for drought tolerance, despite the fact that ABA production is not totally dependent on AtAO3, and that drought-related genes like DREB2 and ABI2 show response to drought irrespective of ABA content.
| S-EPMC6937950 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Wheat is one of the most widely cultivated food crops worldwide, and the safe production of wheat is essential to ensure food security. Soil salinization and drought have severely affected the yield and quality of wheat. Valine-glutamine genes play important roles in abiotic stress response. This study assessed the effect of the gene TaVQ14 on drought and salt stresses resistance. Sequence analysis showed that TaVQ14 encoded a basic unstable hydrophobic protein with 262 amino acids. Subcellular localization showed that TaVQ14 was localized in the nucleus. TaVQ14 was upregulated in wheat seeds under drought and salt stress. Under NaCl and mannitol treatments, the percentage of seed germination was higher in Arabidopsis lines overexpressing TaVQ14 than in wild-type lines, whereas the germination rate was significantly lower in plants with a mutation in the atvq15 gene (a TaVQ14 homolog) than in WT controls, suggesting that TaVQ14 increases resistance to salt and drought stress in Arabidopsis seeds. Moreover, under salt and drought stress, Arabidopsis lines overexpressing TaVQ14 had higher catalase, superoxide dismutase, and proline levels and lower malondialdehyde concentrations than WT controls, suggesting that TaVQ14 improves salt and drought resistance in Arabidopsis by scavenging reactive oxygen species. Expression analysis showed that several genes responsive to salt and drought stress were upregulated in Arabidopsis plants overexpressing TaVQ14. Particularly, salt treatment increased the expression of AtCDPK2 in these plants. Moreover, salt treatment increased Ca2+ concentrations in plants overexpressing TaVQ14, suggesting that TaVQ14 enhances salt resistance in Arabidopsis seeds through calcium signaling. In summary, this study demonstrated that the heterologous expression of TaVQ14 increases the resistance of Arabidopsis seeds to salt and drought stress.
| S-EPMC9127792 | biostudies-literature