Dataset Information

Co-expression of xenopsin and rhabdomeric opsin in photoreceptors bearing microvilli and cilia.

ABSTRACT: Ciliary and rhabdomeric opsins are employed by different kinds of photoreceptor cells, such as ciliary vertebrate rods and cones or protostome microvillar eye photoreceptors, that have specialized structures and molecular physiologies. We report unprecedented cellular co-expression of rhabdomeric opsin and a visual pigment of the recently described xenopsins in larval eyes of a mollusk. The photoreceptors bear both microvilli and cilia and express proteins that are orthologous to transporters in microvillar and ciliary opsin trafficking. Highly conserved but distinct gene structures suggest that xenopsins and ciliary opsins are of independent origin, irrespective of their mutually exclusive distribution in animals. Furthermore, we propose that frequent opsin gene loss had a large influence on the evolution, organization and function of brain and eye photoreceptor cells in bilaterian animals. The presence of xenopsin in eyes of even different design might be due to a common origin and initial employment of this protein in a highly plastic photoreceptor cell type of mixed microvillar/ciliary organization.

SUBMITTER: Vocking O

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5648526 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Co-expression of xenopsin and rhabdomeric opsin in photoreceptors bearing microvilli and cilia.

Vöcking Oliver O Kourtesis Ioannis I Tumu Sharat Chandra SC Hausen Harald H

eLife 20170906

Ciliary and rhabdomeric opsins are employed by different kinds of photoreceptor cells, such as ciliary vertebrate rods and cones or protostome microvillar eye photoreceptors, that have specialized structures and molecular physiologies. We report unprecedented cellular co-expression of rhabdomeric opsin and a visual pigment of the recently described xenopsins in larval eyes of a mollusk. The photoreceptors bear both microvilli and cilia and express proteins that are orthologous to transporters in ...[more]

PMID: 28876222

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Project description:Understanding how individual photoreceptor cells factor in the spectral sensitivity of a visual system is essential to explain how they contribute to the visual ecology of the animal in question. Existing methods that model the absorption of visual pigments use templates which correspond closely to data from thin cross-sections of photoreceptor cells. However, few modeling approaches use a single framework to incorporate physical parameters of real photoreceptors, which can be fused, and can form vertical tiers. Akaike's information criterion (AICc) was used here to select absorptance models of multiple classes of photoreceptor cells that maximize information, given visual system spectral sensitivity data obtained using extracellular electroretinograms and structural parameters obtained by histological methods. This framework was first used to select among alternative hypotheses of photoreceptor number. It identified spectral classes from a range of dark-adapted visual systems which have between one and four spectral photoreceptor classes. These were the velvet worm, Principapillatus hitoyensis, the branchiopod water flea, Daphnia magna, normal humans, and humans with enhanced S-cone syndrome, a condition in which S-cone frequency is increased due to mutations in a transcription factor that controls photoreceptor expression. Data from the Asian swallowtail, Papilio xuthus, which has at least five main spectral photoreceptor classes in its compound eyes, were included to illustrate potential effects of model over-simplification on multi-model inference. The multi-model framework was then used with parameters of spectral photoreceptor classes and the structural photoreceptor array kept constant. The goal was to map relative opsin expression to visual pigment concentration. It identified relative opsin expression differences for two populations of the bluefin killifish, Lucania goodei. The modeling approach presented here will be useful in selecting the most likely alternative hypotheses of opsin-based spectral photoreceptor classes, using relative opsin expression and extracellular electroretinography.

Dataset Information

Co-expression of xenopsin and rhabdomeric opsin in photoreceptors bearing microvilli and cilia.

Publications

Co-expression of xenopsin and rhabdomeric opsin in photoreceptors bearing microvilli and cilia.

Similar Datasets

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