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The asparagus genome sheds light on the origin and evolution of a young Y chromosome.

ABSTRACT: Sex chromosomes evolved from autosomes many times across the eukaryote phylogeny. Several models have been proposed to explain this transition, some involving male and female sterility mutations linked in a region of suppressed recombination between X and Y (or Z/W, U/V) chromosomes. Comparative and experimental analysis of a reference genome assembly for a double haploid YY male garden asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) individual implicates separate but linked genes as responsible for sex determination. Dioecy has evolved recently within Asparagus and sex chromosomes are cytogenetically identical with the Y, harboring a megabase segment that is missing from the X. We show that deletion of this entire region results in a male-to-female conversion, whereas loss of a single suppressor of female development drives male-to-hermaphrodite conversion. A single copy anther-specific gene with a male sterile Arabidopsis knockout phenotype is also in the Y-specific region, supporting a two-gene model for sex chromosome evolution.

SUBMITTER: Harkess A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5665984 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The asparagus genome sheds light on the origin and evolution of a young Y chromosome.

Harkess Alex A Zhou Jinsong J Xu Chunyan C Bowers John E JE Van der Hulst Ron R Ayyampalayam Saravanaraj S Mercati Francesco F Riccardi Paolo P McKain Michael R MR Kakrana Atul A Tang Haibao H Ray Jeremy J Groenendijk John J Arikit Siwaret S Mathioni Sandra M SM Nakano Mayumi M Shan Hongyan H Telgmann-Rauber Alexa A Kanno Akira A Yue Zhen Z Chen Haixin H Li Wenqi W Chen Yanling Y Xu Xiangyang X Zhang Yueping Y Luo Shaochun S Chen Helong H Gao Jianming J Mao Zichao Z Pires J Chris JC Luo Meizhong M Kudrna Dave D Wing Rod A RA Meyers Blake C BC Yi Kexian K Kong Hongzhi H Lavrijsen Pierre P Sunseri Francesco F Falavigna Agostino A Ye Yin Y Leebens-Mack James H JH Chen Guangyu G

Nature communications 20171102 1

Sex chromosomes evolved from autosomes many times across the eukaryote phylogeny. Several models have been proposed to explain this transition, some involving male and female sterility mutations linked in a region of suppressed recombination between X and Y (or Z/W, U/V) chromosomes. Comparative and experimental analysis of a reference genome assembly for a double haploid YY male garden asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) individual implicates separate but linked genes as responsible for sex de ...[more]

PMID: 29093472

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Project description:The family Baetiscidae Edmunds & Traver, 1954 is recognisable among mayflies due to its bizarre larvae, equipped with a robust and spiked thoracic notal shield covering part of the abdomen up to sixth segment. Originally being described as extant species from the USA and Canada, Baetiscidae were later found in the fossil record as well, specifically in Cretaceous of Brazil and Eocene Baltic amber. An enigmatic piece of fossil evidence are two larvae from the Early Cretaceous Koonwarra Fossil Bed in Australia, which have been presumed as attributable to Baetiscidae and briefly discussed in previous studies. In the present contribution, we reinvestigate these fossils and confirm their attribution to the family Baetiscidae. These larvae are depicted and described as Koonwarrabaetisca jelli gen. et sp. nov. and Koonwarrabaetisca duncani sp. nov. For both Cretaceous genera Protobaetisca Staniczek, 2007 and Koonwarrabaetisca gen. nov. we establish a new subfamily Protobaetiscinae subfam. nov. within the family Baetiscidae, based on the presence of markedly shortened thoracic sterna. The phylogenetic position of newly described subfamily is clarified using a cladistic analysis; Protobaetiscinae subfam. nov. forms a monophyletic clade, sister to Baetiscinae. The confirmation of the distribution of Baetiscidae in the Cretaceous of Australia suggests almost worldwide distribution of this family in the deep time. Given their limited dispersal abilities, this distributional pattern can be best explained by the Pangean origin for this family, moving the time of their origin at least to the Early Jurassic. The larvae of Koonwarrabaetisca gen. nov. exhibit the same ecomorphological specialization as the rest of Baetiscidae, that supporting with a high probability their lifestyle similar to extant Baetisca Walsh, 1862. The larvae probably lived in the flowing water with stony substrate densely covered by filamentous algae, and in the places of accumulation of dead plant and algae matter during the last instars. Thus, Koonwarrabaetisca gen. nov. could be the allochthonous component in mayfly fauna of the Koonwarra paleolake.

Dataset Information

The asparagus genome sheds light on the origin and evolution of a young Y chromosome.

Publications

The asparagus genome sheds light on the origin and evolution of a young Y chromosome.

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