Dataset Information

Hydrogen Gas Is Involved in Auxin-Induced Lateral Root Formation by Modulating Nitric Oxide Synthesis.

ABSTRACT: Metabolism of molecular hydrogen (H?) in bacteria and algae has been widely studied, and it has attracted increasing attention in the context of animals and plants. However, the role of endogenous H? in lateral root (LR) formation is still unclear. Here, our results showed that H?-induced lateral root formation is a universal event. Naphthalene-1-acetic acid (NAA; the auxin analog) was able to trigger endogenous H? production in tomato seedlings, and a contrasting response was observed in the presence of N-1-naphthyphthalamic acid (NPA), an auxin transport inhibitor. NPA-triggered the inhibition of H? production and thereafter lateral root development was rescued by exogenously applied H?. Detection of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) by the specific probe 4-amino-5-methylamino-2',7'-difluorofluorescein diacetate (DAF-FM DA) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analyses revealed that the NO level was increased in both NAA- and H?-treated tomato seedlings. Furthermore, NO production and thereafter LR formation induced by auxin and H? were prevented by 2-4-carboxyphenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO; a specific scavenger of NO) and the inhibitor of nitrate reductase (NR; an important NO synthetic enzyme). Molecular evidence confirmed that some representative NO-targeted cell cycle regulatory genes were also induced by H?, but was impaired by the removal of endogenous NO. Genetic evidence suggested that in the presence of H?, Arabidopsis mutants nia2 (in particular) and nia1 (two nitrate reductases (NR)-defective mutants) exhibited defects in lateral root length. Together, these results demonstrated that auxin-induced H? production was associated with lateral root formation, at least partially via a NR-dependent NO synthesis.

SUBMITTER: Cao Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5666766 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hydrogen Gas Is Involved in Auxin-Induced Lateral Root Formation by Modulating Nitric Oxide Synthesis.

Cao Zeyu Z Duan Xingliang X Yao Ping P Cui Weiti W Cheng Dan D Zhang Jing J Jin Qijiang Q Chen Jun J Dai Tianshan T Shen Wenbiao W

International journal of molecular sciences 20171003 10

Metabolism of molecular hydrogen (H₂) in bacteria and algae has been widely studied, and it has attracted increasing attention in the context of animals and plants. However, the role of endogenous H₂ in lateral root (LR) formation is still unclear. Here, our results showed that H₂-induced lateral root formation is a universal event. Naphthalene-1-acetic acid (NAA; the auxin analog) was able to trigger endogenous H₂ production in tomato seedlings, and a contrasting response was observed in the pr ...[more]

PMID: 28972563

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Project description:Lateral root (LR) formation is a vital organogenetic process that determines the root architecture in plants. The number of root branches governs the degree of anchorage, efficiency of nutrients acquisition, and water uptake. The molecular pathways involved in LR formation have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana (At). A plant hormone, Auxin, is a key regulator of root development and promotes LR formation in plants. A plethora of Arabidopsis genes have been identified to regulate LR initiation, patterning, and emergence processes. Recently, the involvement of flowering time control pathways and circadian clock pathways in LR development has come to light, but the connecting link between these processes is still missing. We have established that GIGANTEA (GI), a key component of photoperiodic flowering, can regulate the formation of LRs in Arabidopsis. GI is known to be involved in red light signaling and circadian clock signaling pathways. Here, we report that over-expression of GI enhances LR formation in red light in At. Real-time PCR analysis shows that GI positively regulates the transcription of TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 (TIR1) which is an upstream component of auxin signaling. Furthermore, gi-100 mutant downregulates the LR initiation signaling gene, AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7 (ARF7), and its downstream target gene, LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-DOMAIN 16 (LBD16). Hence, GI acts as a positive regulator of IAA14-ARF7-LBD16 modules during LR initiation. We have also checked the effect of GI on the expression of NAC1 and AIR3 genes which are controlled by TIR1 during LR formation. Our results show that GI induces the NAC1 transcription and its downstream gene, AIR3 expression, which leads to the enhancement of LR initiation. Taken together, our results suggest that GI controls the expression of TIR1 to govern auxin signaling during LR formation in presence of red light and GI can act as a link between circadian clock signaling, flowering time control pathways, light signaling, and lateral root development pathways.

Dataset Information

Hydrogen Gas Is Involved in Auxin-Induced Lateral Root Formation by Modulating Nitric Oxide Synthesis.

Publications

Hydrogen Gas Is Involved in Auxin-Induced Lateral Root Formation by Modulating Nitric Oxide Synthesis.

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