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A glimpse of gluons through deeply virtual compton scattering on the proton.

ABSTRACT: The internal structure of nucleons (protons and neutrons) remains one of the greatest outstanding problems in modern nuclear physics. By scattering high-energy electrons off a proton we are able to resolve its fundamental constituents and probe their momenta and positions. Here we investigate the dynamics of quarks and gluons inside nucleons using deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS)-a highly virtual photon scatters off the proton, which subsequently radiates a photon. DVCS interferes with the Bethe-Heitler (BH) process, where the photon is emitted by the electron rather than the proton. We report herein the full determination of the BH-DVCS interference by exploiting the distinct energy dependences of the DVCS and BH amplitudes. In the regime where the scattering is expected to occur off a single quark, measurements show an intriguing sensitivity to gluons, the carriers of the strong interaction.

SUBMITTER: Defurne M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5680334 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A glimpse of gluons through deeply virtual compton scattering on the proton.

Defurne M M Jiménez-Argüello A Martí AM Ahmed Z Z Albataineh H H Allada K K Aniol K A KA Bellini V V Benali M M Boeglin W W Bertin P P Brossard M M Camsonne A A Canan M M Chandavar S S Chen C C Chen J-P JP de Jager C W CW de Leo R R Desnault C C Deur A A El Fassi L L Ent R R Flay D D Friend M M Fuchey E E Frullani S S Garibaldi F F Gaskell D D Giusa A A Glamazdin O O Golge S S Gomez J J Hansen O O Higinbotham D D Holmstrom T T Horn T T Huang J J Huang M M Hyde C E CE Iqbal S S Itard F F Kang H H Kelleher A A Keppel C C Koirala S S Korover I I LeRose J J JJ Lindgren R R Long E E Magne M M Mammei J J Margaziotis D J DJ Markowitz P P Mazouz M M Meddi F F Meekins D D Michaels R R Mihovilovic M M Camacho C Muñoz CM Nadel-Turonski P P Nuruzzaman N N Paremuzyan R R Puckett A A Punjabi V V Qiang Y Y Rakhman A A Rashad M N H MNH Riordan S S Roche J J Russo G G Sabatié F F Saenboonruang K K Saha A A Sawatzky B B Selvy L L Shahinyan A A Sirca S S Solvignon P P Sperduto M L ML Subedi R R Sulkosky V V Sutera C C Tobias W A WA Urciuoli G M GM Wang D D Wojtsekhowski B B Yao H H Ye Z Z Zhan X X Zhang J J Zhao B B Zhao Z Z Zheng X X Zhu P P

Nature communications 20171110 1

The internal structure of nucleons (protons and neutrons) remains one of the greatest outstanding problems in modern nuclear physics. By scattering high-energy electrons off a proton we are able to resolve its fundamental constituents and probe their momenta and positions. Here we investigate the dynamics of quarks and gluons inside nucleons using deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS)-a highly virtual photon scatters off the proton, which subsequently radiates a photon. DVCS interferes with t ...[more]

PMID: 29123117

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Project description:BackgroundMagnetoelectric multipoles, which break both space-inversion and time-reversal symmetries, play an important role in the magnetoelectric response of a material. Motivated by uncovering the underlying fundamental physics of the magnetoelectric multipoles and the possible technological applications of magnetoelectric materials, understanding as well as detecting such magnetoelectric multipoles has become an active area of research in condensed matter physics. Here we employ the well-established Compton scattering effect as a possible probe for the magnetoelectric toroidal moments in LiNiPO 4.MethodsWe employ combined theoretical and experimental techniques to compute as well as detect the antisymmetric Compton profile in LiNiPO 4. For the theoretical investigation we use density functional theory to compute the anti-symmetric part of the Compton profile for the magnetic and structural ground state of LiNiPO 4. For the experimental verification, we measure the Compton signals for a single magnetoelectric domain sample of LiNiPO 4, and then again for the same sample with its magnetoelectric domain reversed. We then take the difference between these two measured signals to extract the antisymmetric Compton profile in LiNiPO 4.ResultsOur theoretical calculations indicate an antisymmetric Compton profile in the direction of the t y toroidal moment in momentum space, with the computed antisymmetric profile around four orders of magnitude smaller than the total profile. The difference signal that we measure is consistent with the computed profile, but of the same order of magnitude as the statistical errors and systematic uncertainties of the experiment.ConclusionsWhile the weak difference signal in the measurements prevents an unambiguous determination of the antisymmetric Compton profile in LiNiPO 4, our results motivate further theoretical work to understand the factors that influence the size of the antisymmetric Compton profile, and to identify materials exhibiting larger effects.

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A glimpse of gluons through deeply virtual compton scattering on the proton.

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A glimpse of gluons through deeply virtual compton scattering on the proton.

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