Dataset Information

Potential Risk for Localized Aggressive Periodontitis in African American Preadolescent Children.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the potential risk for localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) in African American children by detection of the potential periodontal pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and microbiome analysis.Twenty-one pre-adolescents (age range equals 10.7 to 13.1 years old) were recruited, for this IRB-approved study. Oral examination included limited periodontal examination determining bleeding index (BOP) and periodontal probing (PD). An oral mucosa sample was used for analysis.Nine of 21 children were Aa+ by PCR. The Aa+ group had a significantly higher proportion of teeth with BOP and PD greater than four mm than the Aa- group (P=0.014 and 0.006 for percent BOP and percent PD equal to or greater than four mm, respectively; Mann Whitney Test). No significant differences in microbe abundance or composition were found from comparison of Aa+ versus Aa- samples.Detection of Aa from preadolescent African American children was associated with signs of periodontal inflammation. Although none of these children were diagnosed with LAgP, PCR targeting Aa could be a risk factor. Further study is indicated; however, the usefulness of PCR in dental practice setting to assess risk may be cost-effective for early diagnosis and prevention of LAgP.

SUBMITTER: Childers NK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5682943 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Potential Risk for Localized Aggressive Periodontitis in African American Preadolescent Children.

Childers Noel K NK Grenett Hernan H Morrow Casey C Kumar Ranjit R Jezewski Peter A PA

Pediatric dentistry 20170701 4

<h4>Purpose</h4>This study aimed to evaluate the potential risk for localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) in African American children by detection of the potential periodontal pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and microbiome analysis.<h4>Methods</h4>Twenty-one pre-adolescents (age range equals 10.7 to 13.1 years old) were recruited, for this IRB-approved study. Oral examination included limited periodontal examination determining bleed ...[more]

PMID: 29122069

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Project description:Localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) patients possess a systemic hyperinflammatory response after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. However, the levels of inflammatory and bone biomarkers in plasma, as well as possible associations between local and plasma biomarkers, are unknown in LAP. This cross-sectional study aimed to characterize gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and plasma biomarker profiles in LAP patients, their healthy siblings (HS), and healthy unrelated controls (HC). Fifty-eight LAP subjects, 33 HS, and 49 HC (African Americans, aged 5 to 25 y) were included. Following collection of clinical parameters with GCF and plasma samples, levels of 16 inflammatory and bone resorption biomarkers were determined with Milliplex. Univariate and correlation analyses were performed among all clinical and laboratorial parameters. Discriminant analyses were used to investigate groups of biomarkers discriminating LAP from HS and HC in GCF and plasma. GCF levels of multiple cytokines and chemokines and RANKL:OPG ratio (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand:osteoprotegerin) were higher in LAP disease, most of which positively correlated with probing depth and attachment loss of sampled sites. A group of IL-12p40, IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-2, and MIP-1? discriminated LAP diseased sites from twheir healthy sites, as well as from HS and HC healthy sites. In plasma, only RANKL levels were increased in LAP versus controls, which positively correlated with the percentage of affected sites and deep/bleeding sites. A plasma inflammatory profile including MIP-1?, IL-8, IL-10, and INF-? could significantly discriminate LAP patients from HS and HC. No correlations were found between GCF and plasma levels of biomarkers. In conclusion, an inflammatory profile including groups of specific biomarkers in GCF and plasma may significantly discriminate LAP from healthy individuals. The hyperinflammatory response previously found in the peripheral blood of LAP patients is dependent on lipopolysaccharide stimulation, apparently resulting mostly in local tissue destruction and changes in biomarker profile, with a slight influence in the systemic inflammatory profile (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01330719). Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study can be possibly used by clinicians in the future as diagnostic tools for localized aggressive periodontitis. Thus, in the future, with proper consideration of cost, patient preference, chair-side feasibility and ultimately further studies validating the role of GCF markers for disease progression and response to treatment, this information could lead to more appropriate therapeutic decisions and the development of preventive approaches for susceptible patients.

Dataset Information

Potential Risk for Localized Aggressive Periodontitis in African American Preadolescent Children.

Publications

Potential Risk for Localized Aggressive Periodontitis in African American Preadolescent Children.

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