Dataset Information

Protocol for the study of self-perceived psychological and emotional well-being of young Paralympic athletes.

ABSTRACT: We present the detailed protocol set up to investigate how agonistic sport affects the self-perceived psychological and emotional well-being of disabled young people.The study will be carried out on a number of subjects as large as 800-1200, using well-established indices that give a quantitative measure of such well-being, namely SF-12 and PGWBI. The related questionnaires will be administered to the participants to a forthcoming international event, the European Para-Youth Games, 9-15 October 2017, Liguria, Italy, as well as to a reference population of a similar number of subjects, made up of young disabled people that do not practice agonistic sport.We expect that the outcomes of the study may strongly impact not only the socio-sanitary field but also society in general, as disabled people can be considered an extreme situation in the issue of balancing individual needs and environment to pursue psychological well-being.ISRCTN14389453 (29 June 2017).

SUBMITTER: Puce L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5683577 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Protocol for the study of self-perceived psychological and emotional well-being of young Paralympic athletes.

Puce Luca L Marinelli Lucio L Mori Laura L Pallecchi Ilaria I Trompetto Carlo C

Health and quality of life outcomes 20171113 1

<h4>Background</h4>We present the detailed protocol set up to investigate how agonistic sport affects the self-perceived psychological and emotional well-being of disabled young people.<h4>Methods</h4>The study will be carried out on a number of subjects as large as 800-1200, using well-established indices that give a quantitative measure of such well-being, namely SF-12 and PGWBI. The related questionnaires will be administered to the participants to a forthcoming international event, the Europ ...[more]

PMID: 29132378

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Project description:Individual differences in basal leukocyte gene expression profiles as a function of child's and parent's perception of family stress, and as a function of parent's psychological well-being. Gene expression profiling was carried out on peripheral blood mononuclear cell mRNA samples collected from 273 individuals (129 parent:child pairs + 15 parent-or-child) who were also assessed on their perceptions of family stress (both parent's and child's perception). Each dyad is labeled by a case ID, with p suffix indicating parent's gene expression profile and c suffix indicating child's gene expression profile. Variations in gene expression are analyzed as a function of both parent's perception of family stress and child's perception of family stress (using UCLA Life Stress Interview, as previously described: Hammen C (1991) Generation of stress in the course of unipolar depression. J Abnorm Psychol 100:555-561; Adrian C, Hammen C (1993) Stress Exposure and Stress Generation in Children of Depressed Mothers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 61:354-359; Rudolph KD, Hammen C (1999) Age and gender as determinants of stress exposure, generation, and reactions in youngsters: A transactional perspective. Child Development 70:660-677). Higher values indicate greater levels of subjectively perceived family stress. Additional data are available for 107 parents who completed all 6 subscales of the Psychological Well-Being (PWB) Scale (Ryff CD (1989) Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. J. Pers Soc. Psychol 57: 1069-1081), resulting in scores for PWB_Total (average score across all 6 subscales) as well as scores for subscales measuring Purpose in Life (PWB_Purpose), Environmental Mastery (PWB_Environmental_Mastery), Self-Acceptance (PWB_Self_Accept), Autonomy (PWB_Autonomy), Personal Growth (PWB_Growth), Positive Relations with Others (PWB_Relationship). Higher scores indicate greater psychological well being. Also available for those individuals are measures of age (years), male gender (0/1), ethnic group (1=White, 2=Chinese, 3=Indian, 4=Other Asian, 5=Other Ethnicity), Body Mass Index (kg/m^2), heavy alcohol consumption history (0/1), smoking history (0/1), and abundance of 8 mRNA transcripts indicating the relative prevalence of major leukocyte subsets (CD3E, CD3D, CD19, CD4, CD8A, FCGR3A, NCAM1, CD14). key word: Risk prediction

Project description:ImportanceYoung children's screen time increased during the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020, but it is unknown whether their screen time returned to prepandemic levels in 2021. Knowledge of the relationship between screen time and child development and health will inform prevention and intervention targets and strategies.ObjectiveTo evaluate screen time by family income and race and ethnicity in the prepandemic (ie, 2018, 2019) and pandemic (ie, 2020, 2021) periods and to examine the relationship between screen time and psychological well-being among young children in the US.Design, setting, and participantsCross-sectional population-based web or mail survey study of 2018-2021 National Survey of Children's Health participants aged 6 months to 5 years.ExposureDaily screen time (<1, 1, 2, 3, or ≥4 h/d) reported by participants' primary caregivers.Main outcomes and measuresFlourishing and externalizing behaviors, as indicators of psychological well-being. All analyses were weighted, accounting for the complex survey sample design.ResultsOf the 48 775 participants (50.7% female), the proportion of those with high screen time (defined as ≥1 h/d for children aged 6 months-1 year and ≥2 h/d for children aged 2-5 years) was 48.5% (95% CI, 46.3%-50.7%) in 2018, 49.2% (95% CI, 47.0%-51.5%) in 2019, 55.3% (95% CI, 53.4%-57.2%) in 2020, and 50.0% (95% CI, 48.3%-51.6%) in 2021. Among children living in poverty (federal poverty level <100%), the proportion of those with high screen time was 48.7% (95% CI, 42.8%-54.6%) in 2018, 52.0% (95% CI, 45.4%-58.6%) in 2019, 60.9% (95% CI, 55.4%-66.4%) in 2020, and 58.9% (53.7%-64.1%) in 2021. Adjusted odds ratio of flourishing was 0.66 (95% CI, 0.51-0.85), 0.81 (95% CI, 0.66-0.99), 0.68 (95% CI, 0.52-0.88), and 0.53 (95% CI, 0.42-0.69) for less than 1, 2, 3, and 4 or more hours per day vs 1 hour per day of screen time, respectively, among children aged 3 to 5 years. No association between screen time and flourishing was found among children aged 6 months to 2 years. An adjusted externalizing behavior score was higher by 0.2 points (95% CI, -0.1 to 0.5), 0.5 points (95% CI, 0.3 to 0.8), 1.3 points (95% CI, 1.0 to 1.6), and 2.1 points (95% CI, 1.7 to 2.5) for less than 1, 2, 3, and 4 or more hours per day vs 1 hour per day of screen time, respectively, among children aged 3 to 5 years.Conclusions and relevanceIn this multiyear cross-sectional study of a representative sample of young children in the US, the increased prevalence of high screen time in 2020 returned to prepandemic levels in 2021; however, it remained elevated in children living in poverty. Two hours or more of daily screen time was associated with lower psychological well-being among preschool-aged children.

Dataset Information

Protocol for the study of self-perceived psychological and emotional well-being of young Paralympic athletes.

Publications

Protocol for the study of self-perceived psychological and emotional well-being of young Paralympic athletes.

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