Dataset Information

The Kinase ERULUS Controls Pollen Tube Targeting and Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana.

ABSTRACT: In this paper, we describe the role of the receptor-like kinase ERULUS (ERU) in PT growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. In silico analysis and transcriptional reporter lines revealed that ERU is only expressed in pollen and root hairs (RHs), making it a tip growth-specific kinase. Deviations from Mendelian inheritance were observed in the offspring of self-pollinated heterozygous eru plants. We found that in vivo eru PT targeting was disturbed, providing a possible explanation for the observed decrease in eru fertilization competitiveness. Extracellular calcium perception and intracellular calcium dynamics lie at the basis of in vivo pollen tube (PT) tip growth and guidance. In vitro, ERU loss-of-function lines displayed no obvious PT phenotype, unless grown on low extracellular calcium ([Ca2+]ext) medium. When grown at 12 the normal [Ca2+]ext, eru PTs grew 37% slower relative to WT PTs. Visualization of cytoplasmic [Ca2+]cyt oscillations using the Yellow Cameleon 3.6 (YC3.6) calcium sensor showed that, unlike in WT PTs, eru apical [Ca2+]cyt oscillations occur at a lower frequency when grown at lower [Ca2+]ext, consistent with the observed reduced growth velocity. Our results show that the tip growth-specific kinase ERULUS is involved in regulating Ca2+-dependent PT growth, and most importantly, fertilization efficiency through successful PT targeting to the ovules.

SUBMITTER: Schoenaers S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5694544 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Kinase ERULUS Controls Pollen Tube Targeting and Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Schoenaers Sébastjen S Balcerowicz Daria D Costa Alex A Vissenberg Kris K

Frontiers in plant science 20171114

In this paper, we describe the role of the receptor-like kinase ERULUS (ERU) in PT growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. In silico analysis and transcriptional reporter lines revealed that ERU is only expressed in pollen and root hairs (RHs), making it a tip growth-specific kinase. Deviations from Mendelian inheritance were observed in the offspring of self-pollinated heterozygous eru plants. We found that in vivo eru PT targeting was disturbed, providing a possible ...[more]

PMID: 29184563

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Project description:MIRO GTPases have evolved to regulate mitochondrial trafficking and morphology in eukaryotic organisms. A previous study showed that T-DNA insertion in the Arabidopsis MIRO1 gene is lethal during embryogenesis and affects pollen tube growth and mitochondrial morphology in pollen, whereas T-DNA insertion in MIRO2 does not affect plant development visibly. Phylogenetic analysis of MIRO from plants revealed that MIRO 1 and 2 orthologs in dicots cluster in two separate groups due to a gene/genome duplication event, suggesting that functional redundancy may exists between the two MIRO genes. To investigate this possibility, we generated miro1(+/-)/miro2-2(-/-) plants. Compared to miro1(+/-) plants, the miro1(+/-)/miro2-2(-/-) plants showed increased segregation distortion. miro1(+/-)/miro2-2(-/-) siliques contained less aborted seeds, but more than 3 times the number of undeveloped ovules. In addition, reciprocal crosses showed that co-transmission through the male gametes was nearly absent, whereas co-transmission through the female gametes was severely reduced in miro1(+/-)/miro2-2(-/-) plants. Further investigations revealed that loss of MIRO2 (miro2(-/-)) function in the miro1(+/-) background enhanced pollen tube growth defects. In developing miro1(+/-)/miro2(-/-) embryo sacs, fusion of polar nuclei was further delayed or impaired compared to miro1 plants. This phenotype has not been reported previously for miro1 plants and coincides with studies showing that defects in some mitochondria-targeted genes results in the same phenotype. Our observations show that loss of function in MIRO2 in a miro1(+/-) background enhances the miro1(+/-) phenotype significantly, even though miro2(-/-) plants alone does not display any phenotypes. Based on these findings, we conclude that MIRO1 and MIRO2 are unequally redundant and that a proportion of the miro1(+/-)/miro2(-/-) plants haploid gametes displays the complete null phenotype of MIRO GTPase function at key developmental stages.

Dataset Information

The Kinase ERULUS Controls Pollen Tube Targeting and Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Publications

The Kinase ERULUS Controls Pollen Tube Targeting and Growth in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.

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