Dataset Information

Molecular Signatures of Immunity and Immunogenicity in Infection and Vaccination.

ABSTRACT: Vaccinology aims to understand what factors drive vaccine-induced immunity and protection. For many vaccines, however, the mechanisms underlying immunity and protection remain incompletely characterized at best, and except for neutralizing antibodies induced by viral vaccines, few correlates of protection exist. Recent omics and systems biology big data platforms have yielded valuable insights in these areas, particularly for viral vaccines, but in the case of more complex vaccines against bacterial infectious diseases, understanding is fragmented and limited. To fill this gap, the EC supported ADITEC project (http://www.aditecproject.eu/; http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/4/128/128cm4.full) featured a work package on "Molecular signatures of immunity and immunogenicity," aimed to identify key molecular mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity during effector and memory stages of immune responses following vaccination. Specifically, technologies were developed to assess the human immune response to vaccination and infection at the level of the transcriptomic and proteomic response, T-cell and B-cell memory formation, cellular trafficking, and key molecular pathways of innate immunity, with emphasis on underlying mechanisms of protective immunity. This work intersected with other efforts in the ADITEC project. This review summarizes the main achievements of the work package.

SUBMITTER: Haks MC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5699440 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Molecular Signatures of Immunity and Immunogenicity in Infection and Vaccination.

Haks Mariëlle C MC Bottazzi Barbara B Cecchinato Valentina V De Gregorio Corinne C Del Giudice Giuseppe G Kaufmann Stefan H E SHE Lanzavecchia Antonio A Lewis David J M DJM Maertzdorf Jeroen J Mantovani Alberto A Sallusto Federica F Sironi Marina M Uguccioni Mariagrazia M Ottenhoff Tom H M THM

Frontiers in immunology 20171115

Vaccinology aims to understand what factors drive vaccine-induced immunity and protection. For many vaccines, however, the mechanisms underlying immunity and protection remain incompletely characterized at best, and except for neutralizing antibodies induced by viral vaccines, few correlates of protection exist. Recent omics and systems biology big data platforms have yielded valuable insights in these areas, particularly for viral vaccines, but in the case of more complex vaccines against bacte ...[more]

PMID: 29204145

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Project description:Background:Prevention of infectious diseases is of high priority in the rapidly aging population. Unfortunately, vaccine responses in the elderly are frequently diminished. Timely vaccination of middle-aged adults might improve the immune responses to vaccines, although knowledge on pathogen-specific immune responses and factors affecting these responses, in middle-aged adults is currently limited. We thus investigated the immune responses after vaccination with Zostavax consisting of live-attenuated varicella zoster virus (VZV). Methods:Blood samples were taken pre-, 14?days, 28?days, and 1?year after a primary VZV vaccination (Zostavax) at middle age (N?=?53, 50-65?years of age). VZV-specific IFN?-producing cells were measured by ELISpot, activated T-cells by flow cytometry, antibody levels and cytokine responses by fluorescent bead-based multiplex immunoassays, and whole blood cellular kinetics by TruCOUNT analysis. Results:Robust short-term enhancement of the VZV-specific IFN?-producing cell numbers was observed post-vaccination in the middle-aged adults. Remarkably, long-term enhancement of VZV-specific IFN?-producing cell numbers was induced only in participants with low numbers of VZV-specific pre-vaccination IFN?-producing cells, who were significantly older. These participants also showed enhancement of VZV-specific activated CD4 T-cells, contrary to "exhausted" VZV-specific CD8 T-cells in participants with high numbers of VZV-specific pre-vaccination IFN?-producing cells. Finally, a high CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio was associated with low numbers of pre-vaccination VZV-specific IFN?-producing cells. Conclusion:These results suggest that adults in their early sixties, who showed a high CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio and low numbers of VZV-specific IFN?-producing cells, benefit from VZV vaccination. This provides important knowledge on factors affecting VZV-specific immune responses in middle-aged adults as well as for strategies to strengthen immunity before reaching old age.

Dataset Information

Molecular Signatures of Immunity and Immunogenicity in Infection and Vaccination.

Publications

Molecular Signatures of Immunity and Immunogenicity in Infection and Vaccination.

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