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Mussel larvae modify calcifying fluid carbonate chemistry to promote calcification.


ABSTRACT: Understanding mollusk calcification sensitivity to ocean acidification (OA) requires a better knowledge of calcification mechanisms. Especially in rapidly calcifying larval stages, mechanisms of shell formation are largely unexplored-yet these are the most vulnerable life stages. Here we find rapid generation of crystalline shell material in mussel larvae. We find no evidence for intracellular CaCO3 formation, indicating that mineral formation could be constrained to the calcifying space beneath the shell. Using microelectrodes we show that larvae can increase pH and [CO32-] beneath the growing shell, leading to a ~1.5-fold elevation in calcium carbonate saturation state (?arag). Larvae exposed to OA exhibit a drop in pH, [CO32-] and ?arag at the site of calcification, which correlates with decreased shell growth, and, eventually, shell dissolution. Our findings help explain why bivalve larvae can form shells under moderate acidification scenarios and provide a direct link between ocean carbonate chemistry and larval calcification rate.

SUBMITTER: Ramesh K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5700083 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Mussel larvae modify calcifying fluid carbonate chemistry to promote calcification.

Ramesh Kirti K   Hu Marian Y MY   Thomsen Jörn J   Bleich Markus M   Melzner Frank F  

Nature communications 20171122 1


Understanding mollusk calcification sensitivity to ocean acidification (OA) requires a better knowledge of calcification mechanisms. Especially in rapidly calcifying larval stages, mechanisms of shell formation are largely unexplored-yet these are the most vulnerable life stages. Here we find rapid generation of crystalline shell material in mussel larvae. We find no evidence for intracellular CaCO<sub>3</sub> formation, indicating that mineral formation could be constrained to the calcifying sp  ...[more]

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