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Effect of post-cessation hyperglycemia on cardiovascular disease and mortality among middle-aged men: an eight-year longitudinal study.

ABSTRACT: Smoking cessation reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but also elevates fasting serum glucose (FSG) levels. The effect of post-cessation hyperglycemia on cardiovascular disease is unknown. The study population consisted of 127,066 men without type 2 diabetes from the Korean National Health Insurance System - Health Screening Cohort database. Change in smoking habits and FSG was determined by the difference in smoking status and FSG levels from the first (2002 and 2003) and second (2004 and 2005) health examinations. Continual smokers, quitters, ex-smokers, and never smokers were stratified according to FSG elevation. The study participants were followed-up for CVD and CVD-related death from 2006 to 2013. Compared to continual smokers, quitters had decreased risk of CVD among those without FSG elevation (hazard ratio, HR, 0.76, 95% confidence interval, CI, 0.66-0.86) and with FSG elevation (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.72-0.96). Similarly, quitters had a tendency towards reduced risk of CVD-related death among those without FSG elevation (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.51-1.09) and with FSG elevation (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.46-1.03). Post-cessation hyperglycemia did not attenuate the beneficiary risk-reducing effects of quitting on CVD and CVD-related death.

SUBMITTER: Choi S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5700198 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of post-cessation hyperglycemia on cardiovascular disease and mortality among middle-aged men: an eight-year longitudinal study.

Choi Seulggie S Kim Kyuwoong K Chang Jooyoung J Kim Sung Min SM Koo Hye-Yeon HY Jun Ji-Hye JH Cho Mi Hee MH Lee Kiheon K Park Sang Min SM

Scientific reports 20171122 1

Smoking cessation reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but also elevates fasting serum glucose (FSG) levels. The effect of post-cessation hyperglycemia on cardiovascular disease is unknown. The study population consisted of 127,066 men without type 2 diabetes from the Korean National Health Insurance System - Health Screening Cohort database. Change in smoking habits and FSG was determined by the difference in smoking status and FSG levels from the first (2002 and 2003) and second ( ...[more]

PMID: 29167541

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Project description:BackgroundMaximum muscle power (Pmax ) is a biomarker of physical performance in all ages. No longitudinal studies have assessed the effects of aging on Pmax obtained from the torque-velocity (T-V) relationship, which should be considered the 'gold standard'. This study evaluated the longitudinal changes in the T-V relationship and Pmax of the knee-extensor muscles in young, middle-aged, and older adults after 10 years of follow-up.MethodsFour hundred eighty-nine subjects (311 men and 178 women; aged 19-68 years) were tested at baseline and after a 10-year follow-up. Anthropometric data, daily protein intake, physical activity level (PAL), and knee-extension muscle function (isometric, isokinetic, and isotonic) were evaluated. A novel hybrid equation combining a linear and a hyperbolic (Hill-type) region was used to obtain the T-V relationship and Pmax of the participants, who were grouped by sex and age (young: 20-40 years; middle-aged: 40-60 years; and old: ≥60 years). Linear mixed-effect models were used to assess effects of time, sex, and age on T-V parameters, Pmax , and body mass index (BMI). Additional analyses were performed to adjust for changes in daily protein intake and PAL.ResultsPmax decreased in young men (-0.6% per year; P < 0.001), middle-aged men and women (-1.1% to -1.4% per year; P < 0.001), and older men and women (-2.2% to -2.4% per year; P ≤ 0.053). These changes were mainly related to decrements in torque at Pmax at early age and to decrements in both torque and velocity at Pmax at older age. BMI increased among young and middle-aged adults (0.2% to 0.5% per year; P < 0.001), which led to greater declines in relative Pmax in those groups. S/T0 , that is, the linear slope of the T-V relationship relative to maximal torque, exhibited a significant decline over time (-0.10%T0 ·rad·s-1 per year; P < 0.001), which was significant among middle-aged men and old men and women (all P < 0.05). Annual changes in PAL index were significantly associated to annual changes in Pmax (P = 0.017), so the overall decline in Pmax was slightly attenuated in the adjusted model (-5.26 vs. -5.05 W per year; both P < 0.001).ConclusionsPmax decreased in young, middle-aged, and older adults after a 10-year follow-up. The early declines in Pmax seemed to coincide with declines in force, whereas the progressive decline at later age was associated with declines in both force and velocity. A progressively blunted ability to produce force, especially at moderate to high movement velocities, should be considered a specific hallmark of aging.

Dataset Information

Effect of post-cessation hyperglycemia on cardiovascular disease and mortality among middle-aged men: an eight-year longitudinal study.

Publications

Effect of post-cessation hyperglycemia on cardiovascular disease and mortality among middle-aged men: an eight-year longitudinal study.

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