Dataset Information

Phylogeography Study of the Siberian Apricot (Prunus sibirica L.) in Northern China Assessed by Chloroplast Microsatellite and DNA Makers.

ABSTRACT: There is evidence that a band of dry climate separated plants in East Asia into distinct northern and southern groups. However, few studies have focused on the arid belt in this region, especially with regard to plants. We analyzed genetic variation in 22 populations of Siberian apricot (Prunus sibirica L.), a temperate deciduous species distributed in this arid belt, using two chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences, seven chloroplast microsatellite loci (cpSSRs), and 31 nuclear microsatellite loci (nSSRs), to study its phylogeography. Chloroplast data showed the complete fixation of two different genetic groups: the eastern and western groups. Genetic differentiation between the two groups was significant (FST = 0.90925, p < 0.01). This pronounced phylogeographic break was also indicated by nSSR data, but there were disparities regarding individual populations. An asymmetric gene flow via pollen and seeds likely resulted in discordance between the present-day geography of nuclear and chloroplast lineages. There was a distinct boundary between the two large groups, which were fixed for two of the most ancestral chlorotypes. Two populations with the highest chloroplast genetic diversity were located in the Yanshan Mountains and Jinzhou, considered to be the glacial refugia. The split of chloroplasts between the eastern and western groups was estimated to have occurred ~0.1795 Ma, whereas nuclear divergence occurred approximately 13,260 years ago. Linear regression analysis showed that climatic factors (annual precipitation and annual mean temperature) had a significant correlation with mean ancestry value (P < 0.05) indicated that they were potential factors for the formation of the two groups. In addition, this boundary was a contact zone between two groups from different refugia.

SUBMITTER: Wang Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5702509 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Phylogeography Study of the Siberian Apricot (<i>Prunus sibirica</i> L.) in Northern China Assessed by Chloroplast Microsatellite and DNA Makers.

Wang Zhe Z Zeng Yanfei Y Zhang Zhendong Z Sheng Songbai S Tian Ju J Wu Rongling R Pang Xiaoming X

Frontiers in plant science 20171121

There is evidence that a band of dry climate separated plants in East Asia into distinct northern and southern groups. However, few studies have focused on the arid belt in this region, especially with regard to plants. We analyzed genetic variation in 22 populations of Siberian apricot (<i>Prunus sibirica</i> L.), a temperate deciduous species distributed in this arid belt, using two chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences, seven chloroplast microsatellite loci (cpSSRs), and 31 nuclear microsatellite ...[more]

PMID: 29209348

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Project description:BackgroundSiberian apricot (Prunus sibirica L.) has emerged as a novel potential source of biodiesel in China, but the molecular regulatory mechanism of oil accumulation in Siberian apricot seed kernels (SASK) is still unknown at present. To better develop SASK oil as woody biodiesel, it is essential to profile transcriptome and to identify the full repertoire of potential unigenes involved in the formation and accumulation of oil SASK during the different developing stages.ResultsWe firstly detected the temporal patterns for oil content and fatty acid (FA) compositions of SASK in 7 different developing stages. The best time for obtaining the high quality and quantity of SASK oil was characterized at 60 days after flowering (DAF), and the representative periods (10, 30, 50, 60, and 70 DAF) were selected for transcriptomic analysis. By Illumina/Solexa sequencings, approximately 65 million short reads (average length = 96 bp) were obtained, and then assembled into 124,070 unigenes by Trinity strategy (mean size = 829.62 bp). A total of 3,000, 2,781, 2,620, and 2,675 differentially expressed unigenes were identified at 30, 50, 60, and 70 DAF (10 DAF as the control) by DESeq method, respectively. The relationship between the unigene transcriptional profiles and the oil dynamic patterns in developing SASK was comparatively analyzed, and the specific unigenes encoding some known enzymes and transcription factors involved in acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) formation and oil accumulation were determined. Additionally, 5 key metabolic genes implicated in SASK oil accumulation were experimentally validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Our findings could help to construction of oil accumulated pathway and to elucidate the molecular regulatory mechanism of increased oil production in developing SASK.ConclusionsThis is the first study of oil temporal patterns, transcriptome sequencings, and differential profiles in developing SASK. All our results will serve as the important foundation to further deeply explore the regulatory mechanism of SASK high-quality oil accumulation, and may also provide some reference for researching the woody biodiesel plants.

Project description:BACKGROUND:The main objectives of this study were sequencing, assembling, and annotation of chloroplast genome of one of the main Siberian boreal forest tree conifer species Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) and detection of polymorphic genetic markers - microsatellite loci or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). RESULTS:We used the data of the whole genome sequencing of three Siberian larch trees from different regions - the Urals, Krasnoyarsk, and Khakassia, respectively. Sequence reads were obtained using the Illumina HiSeq2000 in the Laboratory of Forest Genomics at the Genome Research and Education Center of the Siberian Federal University. The assembling was done using the Bowtie2 mapping program and the SPAdes genomic assembler. The genome annotation was performed using the RAST service. We used the GMATo program for the SSRs search, and the Bowtie2 and UGENE programs for the SNPs detection. Length of the assembled chloroplast genome was 122,561?bp, which is similar to 122,474?bp in the closely related European larch (Larix decidua Mill.). As a result of annotation and comparison of the data with the existing data available only for three larch species - L. decidua, L. potaninii var. chinensis (complete genome 122,492?bp), and L. occidentalis (partial genome of 119,680?bp), we identified 110 genes, 34 of which represented tRNA, 4 rRNA, and 72 protein-coding genes. In total, 13 SNPs were detected; two of them were in the tRNA-Arg and Cell division protein FtsH genes, respectively. In addition, 23 SSR loci were identified. CONCLUSIONS:The complete chloroplast genome sequence was obtained for Siberian larch for the first time. The reference complete chloroplast genomes, such as one described here, would greatly help in the chloroplast resequencing and search for additional genetic markers using population samples. The results of this research will be useful for further phylogenetic and gene flow studies in conifers.

Dataset Information

Phylogeography Study of the Siberian Apricot (Prunus sibirica L.) in Northern China Assessed by Chloroplast Microsatellite and DNA Makers.

Publications

Phylogeography Study of the Siberian Apricot (<i>Prunus sibirica</i> L.) in Northern China Assessed by Chloroplast Microsatellite and DNA Makers.

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