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Pegloticase in gout treatment - safety issues, latest evidence and clinical considerations.

ABSTRACT: Gout is a common rheumatic condition, with increasing prevalence in recent decades. The mainstay of treatment for gout is oral urate-lowering therapy (ULT), typically with xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOIs). Unfortunately, a proportion of patients have persistent gout that is refractory to ULT. Pegloticase, a recombinant pegylated uricase, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of refractory gout. However, concern has been raised regarding the risk of infusion reactions, which are now understood to be largely due to the development of antipegloticase antibodies. Discontinuation of pegloticase upon failure to lower serum urate has been shown to markedly reduce infusion reaction risk, but deprives patients of what, in many cases, is a last-resort treatment. In this manuscript, we review the rationale, mechanism of action, efficacy and safety of pegloticase. Additionally, we focus on potential strategies to reduce pegloticase immunogenicity and potentially make this important agent available to a wider group of patients requiring treatment.

SUBMITTER: Guttmann A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5703101 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Pegloticase in gout treatment - safety issues, latest evidence and clinical considerations.

Guttmann Allison A Krasnokutsky Svetlana S Pillinger Michael H MH Berhanu Adey A

Therapeutic advances in drug safety 20170913 12

Gout is a common rheumatic condition, with increasing prevalence in recent decades. The mainstay of treatment for gout is oral urate-lowering therapy (ULT), typically with xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOIs). Unfortunately, a proportion of patients have persistent gout that is refractory to ULT. Pegloticase, a recombinant pegylated uricase, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of refractory gout. However, concern has been raised regarding the risk of infusion ...[more]

PMID: 29204266

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Project description:ObjectivePatients with uncontrolled/refractory gout have heavy disease burden, but few treatment options. Pegloticase lowers serum urate (SU), but anti-drug antibodies can limit treatment efficacy. Evidence supports immunomodulator-pegloticase co-administration to increase sustained urate-lowering rates, but published cases are limited. This study investigated experience with pegloticase-immunomodulation co-therapy at two community rheumatology practices.MethodsPatients initiating pegloticase with immunomodulation in 2017 or later were included. Patient/treatment characteristics and proportion of responders (≥ 12 pegloticase infusions, SU < 6 mg/dl at infusion-12) were examined. Patients on therapy at data collection with < 12 infusions were excluded from response analyses. eGFR before and after therapy was examined.ResultsThirty-four patients (79% male, 62.4 ± 16.3 years) with uncontrolled gout (SU = 9.1 ± 2.0 mg/dl, 91% tophaceous) were included. Most-reported comorbidities were hypertension (76%), obesity (71%), osteoarthritis (68%), and CKD (47%). Pre-therapy eGFR was 65.4 ± 25.2 ml/min/1.73 m2 (41% eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2). All patients initiated immunomodulation before (5.3 ± 3.0 weeks, n = 32) or at (n = 2) first pegloticase infusion. Subcutaneous methotrexate (15.4 ± 4.9 mg/week, n = 20), oral methotrexate (15.3 ± 3.6 mg/week, n = 9), mycophenolate mofetil (1000 mg/day, n = 3), and azathioprine (100 mg/day, n = 2) were administered. Patients received 14.6 ± 7.1 infusions over 28.5 ± 14.9 weeks. Overall response rate was 89%, ranging among immunomodulators (subcutaneous methotrexate: 93%, oral methotrexate: 89%, mycophenolate mofetil: 100%, azathioprine: 50%). On average, eGFR increased during therapy (+ 10.3 ± 16.9 ml/min/1.73 m2), with CKD stability/improvement in 85%. Nineteen patients (56%) experienced gout flares. No infusion reactions or infections were noted. No new safety concerns were identified.ConclusionsThese real-world findings provide further support for increased pegloticase response rates when co-treatment with immunomodulating therapy is used.

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Pegloticase in gout treatment - safety issues, latest evidence and clinical considerations.

Publications

Pegloticase in gout treatment - safety issues, latest evidence and clinical considerations.

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