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Can Youthful Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Wharton's Jelly Bring a Breath of Fresh Air for COPD?

ABSTRACT: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global cause of morbidity and mortality, projected to become the 3rd cause of disease mortality worldwide by 2020. COPD is characterized by persistent and not fully reversible airflow limitation that is usually progressive and is associated with an abnormal chronic inflammatory response of the lung to noxious agents including cigarette smoke. Currently available therapeutic strategies aim to ease COPD symptoms but cannot prevent its progress or regenerate physiological lung structure or function. The urgently needed new approaches for the treatment of COPD include stem cell therapies among which transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from Wharton's jelly (WJ-MSCs) emerges as a promising therapeutic strategy because of the unique properties of these cells. The present review discusses the main biological properties of WJ-MSCs pertinent to their potential application for the treatment of COPD in the context of COPD pathomechanisms with emphasis on chronic immune inflammatory processes that play key roles in the development and progression of COPD.

SUBMITTER: Janczewski AM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5713416 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Can Youthful Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Wharton's Jelly Bring a Breath of Fresh Air for COPD?

Janczewski Andrzej M AM Wojtkiewicz Joanna J Malinowska Ewa E Doboszyńska Anna A

International journal of molecular sciences 20171118 11

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global cause of morbidity and mortality, projected to become the 3rd cause of disease mortality worldwide by 2020. COPD is characterized by persistent and not fully reversible airflow limitation that is usually progressive and is associated with an abnormal chronic inflammatory response of the lung to noxious agents including cigarette smoke. Currently available therapeutic strategies aim to ease COPD symptoms but cannot prevent its progres ...[more]

PMID: 29156550

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Project description:Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) are a novel and promising strategy for tissue engineering because of their ability to differentiate into many cell types. We characterized the differentiation of WJ-MSCs into endometrial epithelial cell (EEC)-like and endometrial stromal cell (ESC)-like cells and assessed the effect of 17?-estradiol and 8-Br-cAMP on the differentiation system.WJ-MSCs were treated in two ways to differentiate into EEC-like and ESC-like cells respectively: cocultured with ESCs in control/differentiation medium (17?-estradiol, growth factors); and cultured in control/differentiation medium (8-Br-cAMP alone or 8-Br-cAMP plus 17?-estrogen and growth factors). Three signaling pathway inhibitors (SB203580, PD98059, H89) were used to investigate the mechanism of WJ-MSC differentiation into ESC-like cells. Immunofluorescence, western blot and flow cytometry analyses were used to analyze expression of epithelial markers and stromal cell markers. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to test the production of secretory proteins associated with the differentiation of ESC-like cells.17?-estradiol at 1 ?M downregulated vimentin and CD13 and upregulated cytokeratin and CD9 proteins, promoting the differentiation of WJ-MSCs into EEC-like cells in the coculture system. 8-Br-cAMP at 0.5 mM upregulated vimentin and CD13 and downregulated CK and CD9, promoting the differentiation of WJ-MSCs into ESC-like cells. Prolactin (PRL) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) were upregulated and the protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway was activated, whereas extracellular signal-regulated (ERK)1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were not affected.17?-estradiol at 1 ?M is a good inducer for facilitating the differentiation of WJ-MSCs into EEC-like cells. 8-Br-cAMP plus estrogen and growth factors can induce the differentiation of WJ-MSCs into ESC-like cells. During the differentiation of WJ-MSCs into ESC-like cells, PRL and IGFBP1 were upregulated by the treatment and the PKA signaling pathway was activated, whereas ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK were not affected. These findings suggest a promising approach to the treatment of endometrial damage and other endometrial diseases and suggest new applications for WJ-MSCs in clinical practice.

Project description:PURPOSE:The aim of this study is to determine if umbilical cord Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells implanted in sub-tenon space have beneficial effects on visual functions in retinitis pigmentosa patients by reactivating the degenerated photoreceptors in dormant phase. MATERIAL AND METHODS:This prospective, open-label, phase-3 clinical trial was conducted between April of 2019 and October of 2019 at Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology. 32 RP patients (34 eyes) were included in the study. The patients were followed for 6?months after the Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cell administration, and evaluated with consecutive examinations. All patients underwent a complete routine ophthalmic examination, and best corrected visual acuity, optical coherens tomography angiography, visual field, multifocal and full-field electroretinography were performed. The quantitative results were obtained from a comparison of the pre-injection and final examination (6th month) values. RESULTS:The mean best corrected visual acuity was 70.5 letters prior to Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cell application and 80.6 letters at the 6th month (p?=?0.01). The mean visual field median deviation value was 27.3?dB before the treatment and 24.7?dB at the 6th month (p?=?0.01). The mean outer retinal thickness was 100.3??m before the treatment and 119.1??m at 6th month (p?=?0.01). In the multifocal electroretinography results, P1 amplitudes improved in ring1 from 24.8 to 39.8 nv/deg2 (p?=?0.01), in ring2 from 6.8 to 13.6 nv/deg2 (p?=?0.01), and in ring3 from 3.1 to 5.7 nv/deg2 (p?=?0.02). P1 implicit times improved in ring1 from 44.2 to 32.4?ms (p?=?0.01), in ring2 from 45.2 to 33.2?ms (p?=?0.02), and in ring3 from 41.9 to 32.4?ms (p?=?0.01). The mean amplitude improved in 16 Tds from 2.4 to 5.0 nv/deg2 (p?=?0.01) and in 32 Tds from 2.4 to 4.8 nv/deg2 (p?=?0.01) in the full-field flicker electroretinography results. Full field flicker electroretinography mean implicit time also improved in 16 Tds from 43.3 to 37.9?ms (p?=?0.01). No ocular or systemic adverse events related to the two types of surgical methods and/or Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells itself were observed during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION:RP is a genetic disorder that can result in blindness with outer retinal degeneration. Regardless of the type of genetic mutation, sub-tenon Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cell administration appears to be an effective and safe option. There are no serious adverse events or ophthalmic / systemic side effects for 6?months follow-up. Although the long-term adverse effects are still unknown, as an extraocular approach, subtenon implantation of the stem cells seems to be a reasonable way to avoid the devastating side effects of intravitreal/submacular injection. Further studies that include long-term follow-up are needed to determine the duration of efficacy and the frequency of application. TRIAL REGISTRATION:SHGM56733164. Redistered 28 January 2019 https://shgm.saglik.gov.tr/organ-ve-doku-nakli-koordinatorlugu/56733164/203 E.507.

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Can Youthful Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Wharton's Jelly Bring a Breath of Fresh Air for COPD?

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Can Youthful Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Wharton's Jelly Bring a Breath of Fresh Air for COPD?

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