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The effect of somatostatin analogues on postoperative outcomes following pancreatic surgery: A meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT: Leakage from the pancreatic stump is a leading cause of morbidity following pancreatic surgery. It is essential to evaluate the effect of somatostatin analogues (SAs) following pancreatic surgery by analyzing all recent clinical trials.We performed a literature search in the Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science databases up to May 29, 2016. Publication bias was assessed with Egger's test. Study quality was assessed using the Jadad Composite Scale.Twelve clinical trials involving 1703 patients from Jan 1st, 2000 to May 29th, 2016 were included in the study. With improvements in surgical management and peri-operative patient care, prophylactic use of somatostatin and its analogues reduced the overall incidence of pancreatic fistulas (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.55-0.94; p = 0.02) and decreased the post-operative hospital stay after pancreatic surgery (the weighted mean difference was -1.06, 95% CI-1/88 to -0.23; p = 0.01). Other post-operative outcomes did not change significantly with the use of somatostatin analogues.

SUBMITTER: Han X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5718483 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The effect of somatostatin analogues on postoperative outcomes following pancreatic surgery: A meta-analysis.

Han Xianlin X Xu Zhiyan Z Cao Shaobo S Zhao Yupei Y Wu Wenming W

PloS one 20171206 12

<h4>Background</h4>Leakage from the pancreatic stump is a leading cause of morbidity following pancreatic surgery. It is essential to evaluate the effect of somatostatin analogues (SAs) following pancreatic surgery by analyzing all recent clinical trials.<h4>Data sources</h4>We performed a literature search in the Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science databases up to May 29, 2016. Publication bias was assessed with Egger's test. Study quality was asse ...[more]

PMID: 29211787

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Project description:BackgroundFollowing abdominal surgery, postoperative ileus is a common complication significantly increasing patient morbidity and cost of hospital admission. This is the first systematic review aimed at determining the average global hospital cost per patient associated with postoperative ileus.MethodsA systematic search of electronic databases was performed from January 2000 to March 2023. Studies included compared patients undergoing abdominal surgery who developed postoperative ileus to those who did not, focusing on costing data. The primary outcome was the total cost of inpatient stay. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa assessment tool. Summary meta-analysis was performed.ResultsOf the 2071 studies identified, 88 papers were assessed for full eligibility. The systematic review included nine studies (2005-2022), investigating 1 860 889 patients undergoing general, colorectal, gynaecological and urological surgery. These studies showed significant variations in the definition of postoperative ileus. Six studies were eligible for meta-analysis showing an increase of €8233 (95 per cent c.i. (5176 to 11 290), P < 0.0001, I2 = 95.5 per cent) per patient with postoperative ileus resulting in a 66.3 per cent increase in total hospital costs (95 per cent c.i. (34.8 to 97.9), P < 0.0001, I2 = 98.4 per cent). However, there was significant bias between studies. Five colorectal-surgery-specific studies showed an increase of €7242 (95 per cent c.i. (4502 to 9983), P < 0.0001, I2 = 86.0 per cent) per patient with postoperative ileus resulting in a 57.3 per cent increase in total hospital costs (95 per cent c.i. (36.3 to 78.3), P < 0.0001, I2 = 85.7 per cent).ConclusionThe global financial burden of postoperative ileus following abdominal surgery is significant. While further multicentre data using a uniform postoperative ileus definition would be useful, reducing the incidence and impact of postoperative ileus are a priority to mitigate healthcare-related costs, and improve patient outcomes.

Project description:Objectives: This systematic review set out to identify, evaluate and synthesise the evidence examining the effect of prehabilitation including exercise on postoperative outcomes following abdominal cancer surgery. Methods: Five electronic databases (MEDLINE 1946-2020, EMBASE 1947-2020, CINAHL 1937-2020, PEDro 1999-2020, and Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials 1991-2020) were systematically searched (until August 2020) for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of prehabilitation interventions in patients undergoing abdominal cancer surgery. This review included any form of prehabilitation either unimodal or multimodal that included whole body and/or respiratory exercises as a stand-alone intervention or in addition to other prehabilitation interventions (such as nutrition and psychology) compared to standard care. Results: Twenty-two studies were included in the systematic review and 21 studies in the meta-analysis. There was moderate quality of evidence that multimodal prehabilitation improves pre-operative functional capacity as measured by 6 min walk distance (Mean difference [MD] 33.09 metres, 95% CI 17.69-48.50; p = <0.01) but improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness such as preoperative oxygen consumption at peak exercise (VO2 peak; MD 1.74 mL/kg/min, 95% CI -0.03-3.50; p = 0.05) and anaerobic threshold (AT; MD 1.21 mL/kg/min, 95% CI -0.34-2.76; p = 0.13) were not significant. A reduction in hospital length of stay (MD 3.68 days, 95% CI 0.92-6.44; p = 0.009) was observed but no effect was observed for postoperative complications (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.81, 95% CI 0.55-1.18; p = 0.27), pulmonary complications (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.28-1.01; p = 0.05), hospital re-admission (OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.61-1.90; p = 0.81) or postoperative mortality (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.43-2.09, p = 0.90). Conclusion: Multimodal prehabilitation improves preoperative functional capacity with reduction in hospital length of stay. This supports the need for ongoing research on innovative cost-effective prehabilitation approaches, research within large multicentre studies to verify this effect and to explore implementation strategies within clinical practise.

Project description:BackgroundEarly postoperative mobilization is considered a key element of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols. The aim of this study was to summarize the effect of early postoperative mobilization following gastrointestinal operations on patient recovery, mobility, the morbidity rate and duration of hospital stay.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in December, 2022, using PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Controlled trials reporting the effects of early postoperative mobilization after gastrointestinal surgery were included. The risk of bias was assessed using a modified Downs and Black tool and the Cochrane Collaboration tool for randomized trials. The outcomes of interest were gastrointestinal recovery (defined passage of first flatus or bowel movements), mobility (step count on postoperative day 3), the morbidity rate and duration of hospital stay.ResultsAfter elimination of duplicates, 3678 records were identified, and 71 full-text articles were screened. Finally, 15 studies (eight RCTs) reporting on 3538 patients were included. Most trials evaluated early postoperative mobilization after different gastrointestinal operations, including upper gastrointestinal (n = 8 studies), hepatopancreatobiliary (n = 10 studies) and colorectal resections (n = 10 studies). The investigated early postoperative mobilization protocols, operative techniques (minimally invasive or open) and outcome parameters were heterogeneous between the studies. Early postoperative mobilization seemed to significantly accelerate clinical gastrointestinal recovery (mean difference, hours: -11.53 (-22.08, -0.97), P = 0.03). However, early postoperative mobilization did not significantly improve the morbidity rate (risk ratio: 0.93 (0.70, 1.23), P = 0.59), postoperative mobility of patients (step count mean difference: 1009 (-803, 2821), P = 0.28) or shorten the duration of hospital stay (mean difference, days: -0.25 (-0.99,0.43), P = 0.47) in randomized trials.ConclusionThere is a large heterogeneity among the study cohorts, operations and interventions. The available evidence currently does not support specific early postoperative mobilization protocols as an isolated element to further reduce the morbidity rate and duration of hospital stay. Further well-designed trials are required to identify effective early postoperative mobilization protocols.

Project description:BackgroundPostpancreatectomy haemorrhage (PPH) and venous thromboembolism (VTE) are serious complications following pancreatic surgery. The aim was to assess the timing, occurrence and predictors of PPH and VTE.MethodsElective pancreatic resections undertaken in a single university hospital between November 2013 and September 2017 were assessed. Three intervals were reviewed, each with a different routine regimen of nadroparin: 2850 units once daily (single dose) administered in hospital only, or 5700 units once daily (double dose) or 2850 units twice daily (split dose) administered in hospital and continued for 6 weeks after surgery. Clinically relevant PPH (CR-PPH) was classified according to International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery criteria. VTE was defined according to a number of key diagnostic criteria within 6 weeks of surgery. Cox regression analyses were performed to test the hypotheses that the double-dose group would experience more PPH than the other two groups, the single-dose group would experience more VTE than the other two groups, and the split-dose group would experience the fewest adverse events (PPH or VTE).ResultsIn total, 240 patients were included, 80 per group. The double-dose group experienced significantly more CR-PPH (hazard ratio (HR) 2·14, 95 per cent c.i. 1·16 to 3·94; P = 0·015). More relaparotomies due to CR-PPH were performed in the double-dose group (16 versus 3·8 per cent; P = 0·002). The single-dose group did not experience more VTE (HR 1·41, 0·43 to 4·62; P = 0·570). The split dose was not associated with fewer adverse events (HR 0·77, 0·41 to 1·46; P = 0·422). Double-dose low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), high BMI and pancreatic fistula were independent predictors of CR-PPH.ConclusionA double dose of LMWH prophylaxis continued for 6 weeks after pancreatic resection was associated with a twofold higher rate of CR-PPH, resulting in four times more relaparotomies. Patients receiving a single daily dose of LMWH in hospital only did not experience a higher rate of VTE.

Project description:Current guidelines for delaying surgery after coronary stent placement are based on stent type. However, the indication for the stent may be an important risk factor for postoperative major adverse cardiac events (MACE).To determine whether the clinical indication for a coronary stent is associated with postoperative MACE.Retrospective cohort study in patients at US Veterans Affairs hospitals who had a coronary stent placed between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2010, and underwent noncardiac surgery within the following 24 months. The association between the indication for stent and postoperative MACE rates was examined using logistic regression to control for patient and procedure factors.Three subgroups of stent indication were examined: (1) myocardial infarction (MI); (2) unstable angina; and (3) revascularization not associated with acute coronary syndrome (non-ACS).Composite 30-day postoperative MACE rates including all-cause mortality, MI, or revascularization.Among 26?661 patients (median [IQR] age, 68 [61.0-76.0] years; 98.4% male; 88.1% white) who underwent 41?815 surgical procedures within 24 months following coronary stent placement, the stent indication was MI in 32.8% of the procedures, unstable angina in 33.8%, and non-ACS in 33.4%. Postoperative MACE rates were significantly higher in the MI group (7.5%) compared with the unstable angina (2.7%) and non-ACS (2.6%) groups (P?<?.001). When surgery was performed within 3 months of percutaneous coronary intervention, adjusted odds of MACE were significantly higher in the MI group compared with the non-ACS group (odds ratio [OR]?=?5.25; 95% CI, 4.08-6.75). This risk decreased over time, although it remained significantly higher at 12 to 24 months from percutaneous coronary intervention (OR?=?1.95; 95% CI, 1.58-2.40). The adjusted odds of MACE for the unstable angina group were similar to those for the non-ACS group when surgery was performed within 3 months (OR?=?1.11; 95% CI, 0.80-1.53) or between 12 and 24 months (OR?=?1.08; 95% CI, 0.86-1.37) from stent placement. Stent type was not significantly associated with MACE regardless of indication.Surgery in patients with a coronary stent placed for MI was associated with increased postoperative MACE rates compared with other stent indications. The risk declined over time from PCI, and delaying surgery up to 6 months in this cohort of patients with stents may be important regardless of stent type.

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The effect of somatostatin analogues on postoperative outcomes following pancreatic surgery: A meta-analysis.

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The effect of somatostatin analogues on postoperative outcomes following pancreatic surgery: A meta-analysis.

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